Comparative study of kinetic modeling for the oxidative coupling of methane by genetic and marquardt algorithms

Overall kinetic studies on the oxidative coupling of methane, OCM, have been conducted in a tubular fixed bed reactor, using perovskite titanate as the reaction catalyst. The appropriate operating conditions were found to be: temperature 750-775 ℃, total feed flow rate of 160 ml/min, CH4/O2 ratio of 2 and GHSV of 100 min-1. Under these conditions, C2 yield of 28% was achieved. Correlations of the kinetic data have been performed with lumped rate equations for C2 and COx formation as functions of temperature, O2 and CH4 partial pressures. Six models have been selected among the common lumped kinetic models. The selected models have been regressed with the experimental data which were obtained from the Catatest system by genetic algorithm in order to obtain optimized parameters. The kinetic coefficients in the overall reactions were optimized by different numerical optimization methods such as: the Levenberg-Marquardt and genetic algorithms and the results were compared with one another. It has been found that the Santamaria model is in good agreement with the experimental data. The Arrhenius parameters of this model have been obtained by linear regression. It should be noted that the Marquardt algorithm is sensitive to the first guesses and there is possibility to trap in the relative minimum.     

Isolation and Characterization of Two Novel Gene Encoded Alkaline Esterases from an Alkaline Soil Metagenomic Library

<正>The development of industrial biotechnology has created an increasing demand for alkaline lipolytic enzymes with functional diversity.In this study,an alkaline soil metagenomic library was constructed to search for new lipolytic enzymes.Two novel gene encoded alkaline esterases(designated as estA and estB) were isolated by functional screening from the library.The estA gene consisted of 834 bp and coded for 277 amino acids with a molecular mass of 29998.Amino acid sequence homology analysis indicates that EstA belongs toα/βhydrolase fold family 4.4(abH4.4),with EstA being the smallest member of that family yet reported.The estB gene consisted of 1185 bp and encoded 394 amino acids with a theoretical molecular mass of 40090.Its conserved domain analysis shows that EstB belongs to the GDSL hydrolase superfamily.Both EstA and EstB exhibit only moderate identity(38%) in amino acid sequence to the known lipolytic enzyme genes in the database.The two genes were respectively expressed in Escherichia coli and the protein products were purified for functional characterization.While the expressed EstA did not exhibit the functional properties that were superior to those of other esterases previously reported,the EstB was stable at temperature up to 45℃and its maximum activity was measured to be 53.6 U/mg at pH=10.Both the enzymes have further enriched the diversity of the lipolytic enzymes database and also appear to be promising biocatalysts for potential biotechnological application.     

荧光偏振技术分析全血XPD基因单核苷酸多态性的研究

将荧光偏振与非对称基因扩增技术联用,建立了可用于检测全血XPD基因单核苷酸多态性的新方法。用不等量(1∶5)的XPD基因上、下游引物对含单核苷酸多态性位点的目的片段进行非对称扩增,再用两种单核苷酸多态性序列特异的荧光标记探针对扩增产物进行检测。由于扩增得到的单链片段能够与各自不同的荧光标记探针特异结合,使荧光标记分子的分子量增加,偏振值(FP)增高。通过检测增高的FP值,可确定目的片段单核苷酸多态性。采用本方法对98例全血的XPD基因第751位密码子进行了单核苷酸多态性分析,并与传统的荧光偏振检测方法进行了比较,取得满意结果。     

癌症、肿瘤抑制基因及纳米技术在癌症预防和治疗的应用

 一、什么是癌症
癌症（cancer）是发生于各个年龄段、多种器官和组织、导致严重后果的疾病。根据世界卫生组织的统计,2007 年全世界有790 万人死于癌症,占所有死亡人数的13%,据估计到2030 年该数字将上升至1200 万。每年花在癌症病人治疗和护理的费用超过2000 亿美元,给社会和家庭带来了巨大的经济负担。根据细胞类型,癌症可以分为四类,内外表层细胞发生癌变形成的肺癌、乳腺癌和结肠癌等（Carcinoma）;支持组织和连接组织,如骨、软骨、脂肪和肌肉等形成的肉瘤（Sarcoma）;淋巴和免疫系统形成的淋巴瘤（Lymphoma）;以及循环系统形成的白血病（Leukemia）。     

基因武器威胁及杀伤模型浅析

随着基因嫁接技术的日益成熟,人类可能面临新一轮全球基因武器竞赛.科学家们就发出警告说,能够使一个种族从地球上消失的基因武器有可能在5年内变成现实,原因是阻止生物物科技武器发展"重中之重"——基因武器发展的"机会窗口"正在缩小,因此对基因武器的发展进行研究具有一定的理论和实践意义.论述了基因武器发展对我国安全的威胁以及难以控制的理由,建立了基因武器杀伤模型.     

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒细胞适应株细胞致病性和HA、NA基因序列分析

对分离自中国南方的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒A/Chicken/Guangxi/KMⅢ/99(H9N2)进行了MDCK细胞的连续传代和NA基因序列的初步分析.研究发现,病毒接种细胞36 h左右出现细胞病变(CPE),细胞肿胀变圆,聚集,脱落.流感病毒经MDCK细胞连续传代19代后,HA效价与亲代病毒相当.将传代获得的第19代病毒进行基因克隆,与亲代病毒进行序列比较,发现经传代后其HA1羧基端的分子特征是:R-S-S-R,仍属于非低致病力毒株.     

大麻基因密码被破译

 10 月19 日的《基因生物学》(Genome Biology)刊登论文报道,纤维植物印度大麻的基因测序已完成。这个研究小组选择的样本是一种称为紫兴都库什(PurpleKush)的大麻植物(如图)。其一个产生四氢大麻酚前体物质的基因被关闭了,紫兴都库什只有极少量甚至不含大麻二酚酸(大麻植物中一种类似复合氨基酸的物质),可能是这些分子吸收了四氢大麻酚。     

随机交配群体两对连锁杂合基因频率的演变模型

用差分方程组建立具有两对连锁杂合基因的随机交配群体4种基因10种基因型频率逐代演变的数学模型,把它们看成影射,发现不动点集位于一个超平面与一个超曲面的交集.超平面具有类似分岔点的性质,故逐代计算中需进行归一化处理.对育种工作中在哪一代选种有指导意义.     

某类遗传环境下的两性分支过程：有关伴Y基因的灭绝概率问题

本文在文献[2]的基础上研究了另一类遗传环境下的两性分支过程（其中配对单元类型多于一种且有一种类型的配对单元数仅由雌性数嚼决定）并得到了有关它们灭绝概率的一些结果。     

省部共建应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室

省部共建“应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室”于2005年9月通过建设计划论证．实验室从浙江省经济、科技和社会发展的实际需要出发，结合国内外海洋生物技术领域的发展现状和最新趋势，依托宁波大学现有的学科基础和优势，以海洋生物活性物质和水产品高值化、海洋生物基因资源的研究与开发、海水养殖生物优良种苗的繁育和种质保存、海洋环境保护与生物修复为主要研究内容．实验室主要研究人员57人，其中正高级职称17人，副高级职称34人，中级职称8人，博士后3人，博士21人，硕士23人。实验室管理和技术人员共6人，专门管理应用海洋生物技术重点实验室，其中高级实验师2人，实验师4人．