一种不同地面分辨率图像的拼接算法

航空遥感监测中变焦镜头的广泛应用以及飞行高度的变化会获得不同地面分辨率的航空影像,因此为了实时监控到飞行区域的整体情况,需要对不同地面分辨率的图像进行拼接。提出了针对不同地面分辨率图像进行拼接的方法。首先用四分法对图像进行分割,检测变化倍率,选择配准策略;然后用基于加速鲁棒性特征(Speeded-Up Robust Features,SURF)的算法对相邻图像进行拼接。获得了焦距变化从高倍过渡到低倍,或从低倍过渡到高倍的拼接图像。通过航空变焦模拟影像的拼接实验和地面变焦影像的拼接实验表明,该方法能够对不同地面分辨率的图像进行拼接,且拼接结果均以高分辨率为基准。     

三维面形测量中基于模版匹配的变形条纹修复

在基于条纹投影和相位分析的三维面形测量中,由于被测物体表面标志点或复杂面形的阴影遮挡存在,会造成变形条纹局部区域的条纹数据缺失,影响相位和高度信息的最终重建,需要人为地对缺失图像信息进行修复。提出了一种新的缺失条纹数据修复方法——基于模版匹配的图像修复算法,通过图像中已有条纹信息(特别是与待修复区域周围相位信息相似度较高的已知条纹信息)对缺失的变形条纹信息进行估算,实现数据修复。该方法修复效果好,运算过程无需人为参与,便于计算机自动实现,尤其适合于待修复图像整体结构明显、纹理清晰图像的数据修复,有助于提高被测物体相位计算质量和在此基础上的三维面形重建质量。     

A diode laser spectrometer at 634nm and absolute frequency measurements using optical frequency comb

This paper reports that two identical external-cavity-diode-laser (ECDL) based spectrometers are constructed at 634 nm referencing on the hyperfine B-X transition R(80)8-4 of ¹²⁷I₂. The lasers are stabilized on the Doppler-free absorption signals using the third-harmonic detection technique. The instability of the stabilized laser is measured to be 2.8×10^-12 (after 1000 s) by counting the beat note between the two lasers. The absolute optical frequency of the transition is, for the first time, determined to be 472851936189.5 kHz by using an optical frequency comb referenced on the microwave caesium atomic clock. The uncertainty of the measurement is less than 4.9 kHz.     

基于天文观测的相机标定及姿态测量技术研究

为利用相机进行天文观测以实现高精度的相机姿态测量,必须先对相机参数进行精确标定。针对传统相机标定方法工作距离有限的问题,提出了以恒星为控制点的相机标定方法,根据球面天文学方法计算观测时刻控制点的世界坐标,利用摄像测量原理建立了恒星观测模型,求解相机的内外参数并分析了误差因素。实验结果表明,该标定方法在不依赖于精密、复杂的外部设备情况下可达到较高精度,并具有较强的抗噪声能力。将标定结果用于天文观测并求解相机姿态,航向角和俯仰角的解算重复性优于10″,能够满足高精度姿态测量的需求。该方法可进一步推广应用于星敏感器的标定。     

基于单次旋转的旋转非对称面形误差绝对检测技术研究

绝对检测技术是剔除干涉仪系统误差进而提高面形检测精度的有效手段。基于单次旋转的绝对检测技术由被测球面绕光轴旋转前后的检测数据,采用基于最小二乘法的Zernike多项式拟合,剔除系统误差,获得被测面的旋转非对称面形误差。详细推导了理论计算公式,分析了单次旋转角度对算法检测精度的影响,并和多次旋转法作了对比,其残差均方根(RMS)值约为1.5nm。该方法只需一次旋转两次检测,在保证检测精度的同时简化了检测过程。     

Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured strontium hexaferrite thin films by the sol–gel method

Nanostructured single phase strontium hexaferrite, SrFe₁₂O₁₉, thin films have been synthesized on the (100) silicon substrate using a spin coating sol–gel process. The thin films with various Fe/Sr molar ratios of 8–12 were calcined at different temperatures from 500 to 900 °C. The composition, microstructure and magnetic properties of the SrFe₁₂O₁₉ thin films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The results showed that the optimum molar ratio for Fe/Sr was 10 at which the lowest calcination temperature to obtain the single phase strontium hexaferrite thin film was 800 °C. The magnetic measurements revealed that the sample with Fe/Sr molar ratio of 10, exhibited higher saturation magnetization (267.5 emu/cm³) and coercivity (4290 Oe) in comparison with those synthesized under other Fe/Sr molar ratios.     

Monodisperse Co,Zn-Ferrite nanocrystals: Controlled synthesis,characterization and magnetic properties

Co_xZn_yFe_3−x−yO₄ ferrite (x=1 to 0; y=0 to1) nanocrystals have been synthesized by reverse microemulsion method. The nanocrystals are then comprehensively characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Field emission transmission electron microscopy (FETEM), and magnetic properties were measured by using Vibrating sample magnetometer. X-ray analysis showed that all the crystals were cubic spinel. The lattice constant increased with the increase in Zn substitution. FETEM reveals that particle size varies in the range from 3 to 6 nm. As the concentration of Zn increases the magnetic behavior varies from ferromagnetic at y=0 and 0.2 to superparamagnetic to paramagnetic at y=1. The Curie temperature decreases with increasing concentration of Zn.     

Complex object 3D measurement based on phase-shifting and a neural network

An accurate phase-height mapping algorithm based on phase-shifting and a neural network is proposed to improve the performance of the structured light system with digital fringe projection. As phase-height mapping is nonlinear, it is difficult to find the best camera model for the system. In order to achieve high accuracy, a trained three-layer back propagation neural network is employed to obtain the complicated transformation. The phase error caused by the non-sinusoidal attribute of the fringe image is analyzed. During the phase calculation process, a pre-calibrated phase error look-up-table is used to reduce the phase error. The detailed procedures of the sample data collection are described. By training the network, the relationship between the image coordinates and the 3D coordinates of the object can be obtained. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method is not sensitive to the non-sinusoidal attribute of the fringe image and it can recover complex free-form objects with high accuracy.     

模拟大气风场及其数据处理技术的研究

热层大气风速的测量可以采用干涉法来进行,由于光源（气辉辐射谱线）的强度很弱,故干涉法对测量系统要求很高。利用半导体激光器（LD）的调制特性和法布里-帕罗干涉仪(FPI)的高光谱分辨能力设计了一种用简单设备进行大气风场模拟与测量的方法。改变LD的驱动电流使其输出激光频率改变,从而模拟气辉辐射的多普勒频移,通过分析FPI获得的干涉图可检测出该频移,进而得到等效风速。模拟风速的相对误差不超过6.5%,最小模拟风速为20.01m/s,且测量结果与LD的线性调制特性很相符。使用该方法可以有效地对多普勒风速测量原理、数据处理方法、系统性能以及测量误差进行分析和评估。     

法拉第旋转镜用于补偿单光子偏振漂移的实验研究

研究了法拉第旋转镜用于补偿单模光纤中1 550 nm单光子传输的偏振漂移特性.比较了不同平均光子数下经由不同长度单模光纤传输后单光子偏振漂移的差异,以及使用法拉第旋转镜的偏振漂移抑制比.实验结果表明,在50 km光纤50 kcps光子计数（光强）下偏振漂移改善最优,偏振漂移抑制比达25.3.