Yield strengths and stress induced crackles in copper films：effects of substrate and passivated layer

Yield strengths in unpassivated and 530 nm TiN passivated Cu films deposited on Ti, high-speed steel and Ni substrates have been measured by x-ray diffraction (XRD) in combination with the four-point bending method. The results show that, although the texture and average grain size, investigated by XRD and transmission electron microscopy respectively, do not vary with different substrate, the yield strength of the Cu film increases obviously when a thin passivated layer is present and varies slightly with substrates. Many crackles appear in the passivated Cu film on Ti substrate but do not appear in other samples. The experimental results have been explained satisfactorily with an expression for the yield strength of thin films given previously.     

分子树拓扑指数与羧酸化合物pKa值的定量构效关系

酸性强度;分子树拓扑指数与羧酸化合物pKa值的定量构效关系     

小牛血清边界润滑条件下西佛碱铜配合物改性超高分子量聚乙烯往复摩擦磨损行为

采用自行研制的往复摩擦磨损试验机,在小牛血清边界润滑条件下,研究了含5wt%?10wt%?15wt.%乙二胺缩水杨醛西佛碱(Schiffbase)铜(Ⅱ)配合物的改性超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)与钛合金(Ti6Al4V)配副的往复摩擦磨损性能.利用扫描电子显微镜及白光共焦三维轮廓仪观察其磨损表面形貌,采用EDS和XPS分析磨损表面的主要元素组成及其价态,并探讨其磨损机理.结果表明:在15%质量分数范围内,随乙二胺缩水杨醛Schiff碱铜(Ⅱ)配合物加入量的增加,改性UHMWPE与钛合金配副的摩擦系数逐步降低,耐磨性逐步提高;磨损机制均为三体磨料磨损.     

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在海冰试验研究的基础上 建立了一个海冰的数学模型,根据此模型推导出海冰的本构关系,并通过试验验证了此本 构关系的正确性. 根据海冰的本构关系拟合出海冰的最大抗压强度和应变率的关系曲线并推 导出海冰最大抗压强度和应变率关系的公式,并用试验数据验证了此公式的正确性.     

聚合物二元共混物拉伸强度混合规则的改进模型

改进了关于聚合物二元共混物拉伸强度混合规则的模型 ,保留了原模型中分别表征共混物界面和相结构对共混物拉伸强度产生影响的两个因子F和M .用此模型处理了三个共混体系的拉伸强度数据 ,反算出共混体系的界面强度因子F和相结构强度因子M ,结果表明 ,该改进模型的预测值与实验结果相符程度与原式几无差别 ,但使F和M的物理意义更为明确、合理 ,其相关系数也有所增大     

高分子灌浆材料应用研究进展

结合作者的研究开发和工程应用实践及文献资料综述了高分子化学灌浆材料的应用研究发展历史,现状及发展态势。     

含分层损伤复合材料层合板剩余压缩强度研究

准确预测含分层损伤层合板的剩余压缩强度,对复合材料具有十分重要 意义。本文基于层合板一阶剪切理论,建立了一种考虑复合材料多种损伤的含分层层合板刚度退化模型,通过数值算例分析了分层屈曲临界载荷与材料强度极限的关系以及刚度退化对含分层层合板前后屈曲行为的影响。     

结构可靠度的虚拟变量算法

从与结构失效函数有关随机变量均值和协方差的确定性特征出发 ,提出了准确计算结构可靠度的一种虚拟变量算法。使用虚拟变量算法时 ,只需给出失效函数就能正确算出结构的可靠度。由于无需人工确定失效函数的偏导数 ,计算较为简单 ,当失效函数形式复杂、与失效函数有关随机变量较多时 ,可使计算效率得到显著提高     

超高分子量聚乙烯/Al_2O_3生物摩擦学特性的研究

在自制销 -盘摩擦磨损试验机上评价了超高分子量聚乙烯 (UHMWPE)与 Al2 O3陶瓷摩擦副在干摩擦和生理盐水、蒸馏水及人血浆润滑条件下的摩擦学特性 ,用扫描电镜观察试样磨损表面形貌并分析磨损机理 .结果表明 :在干摩擦和生理盐水及蒸馏水润滑条件下的起始摩擦系数较接近 ,血浆润滑条件下的起始摩擦系数最低 ;稳态摩擦系数在干摩擦时最大 ,蒸馏水润滑条件下最小 ,生理盐水和人血浆润滑条件下较接近并比蒸馏水润滑下的高 ;干摩擦下UHMWPE的磨损率最大 ,血浆润滑条件下的最小 .干摩擦下 UHMWPE磨损表面可见大量不规则的细小纤维状磨屑 ,蒸馏水润滑下 UHMWPE磨损表面可见明显的塑性变形和疲劳剥落迹象 ,而血浆润滑条件下 UHMWPE磨损表面则可见大量的疲劳微裂纹     

Highly efficient alginate-based macromolecular photoinitiator for crosslinking and toughening gelatin hydrogels

Constructing gelatin hydrogels through photopolymerization is getting increasingly attractive due to their excellent biocompatibility and unparalleled flexibility in fabricating complex structures. In this study, an alginate-based macromolecular photoinitiator (Alg-2959) is synthesized by grafting Irgacure2959, a widely used hydrophilic small molecular photoinitiator, onto the framework of alginate. The characterization of Alg-2959 is carried out by ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹HNMR), Fourier infrared spectroscopic (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and UV–Vis absorption spectrum. It is shown that Alg-2959 can induce the polymerization of acrylate monomer poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA400) and glycidyl methacrylate modified gelatin (Gel-GM) with similar initiation efficiency as Irgacure2959. Compared with the pure hydrogels prepared using Irgacure2959, the hybrid hydrogels containing Alg-2959 can be further crosslinked by Ca²⁺ to form the double-network hydrogels, which exhibit enhanced toughness and elasticity. In addition, due to the introduction of alginate, the migration stability of Alg-2959 in the hydrogel networks is significantly improved compared with Irgacure2959. These results indicate the great potential of Alg-2959 in preparing biocompatible and resilient photopolymers.