平面倾斜冲击射流场的数值分析

采用SIMPLE算法和RNGk-ε湍流模型,对平面射流倾斜冲击平板的半封闭空间内的流场进行了数值分析。针对喷口宽度B=10mm、冲击高度H=2B和射流雷诺数Re=20000的流场,分别得到了三种射流倾角下的速度、流函数、压力和湍动能分布。计算结果表明,射流倾角的变化对流场结构具有显著的影响。当倾角减小时,左侧回流区变小,而右侧回流区变大,最大压力区和最大湍动能区都随着滞止点的左移向流场的左侧移动。     

非等温气固两相各向同性湍流的直接数值模拟

本文对非等温气固两相各向同性湍流中颗粒及颗粒所见流体温度的统计行为进行了直接数值模拟研究,系统地讨论了颗粒惯性的影响。对于Tp/Tk<1的颗粒,其温度脉动随惯性增大而减弱;对于Tp/Tk>1的颗粒,其趋势相反。颗粒及颗粒所见流体温度的自相关都随颗粒惯性的增加而减弱,而且随颗粒惯性的增加,颗粒所见流体温度的自相关比颗粒自身温度的自关联下降得快。     

雾化喷射下的波动液膜的电测量

冷却壁面上液膜的特性行为与厚度直接关系到雾化喷射冷却的深入研究。本文报道了在雾化喷射下水平壁面液膜厚度的测量。借助示波器,通过液膜直流信号配以几何尺寸的精确测量,实验研究了给定喷管雾化喷射下液膜波动行为和厚度随压力和喷头高度的变化。结合对流传热系数测量,分析了液膜厚度与雾化喷射冷却条件及效果的关系。     

液体喷射抛光材料去除机理的研究

从实验出发,研究了液体喷射抛光中抛光区的特征及材料的去除机理。得到了垂直喷射时在材料的去除区域呈W型的环状分布现象,并运用射流与冲击理论对这一现象做了详细地分析。实验结果表明,磨料粒子碰撞时的剪切作用对材料的去除来说占主导地位,而直接冲击作用占次要地位。     

矩形射流流动和燃烧中拟序结构的实验研究

对2:1的矩形喷口射流流动和燃烧过程进行了系列实验,展示了拟序结构的演化过程以及射流近场间歇产生的 圆环内接矩形和触角形结构,这些结构的形成与大涡的演变存在密切相关;流动和燃烧的实验结果都表明副平面内的射流 扩展角度大于主平面。副平面内大涡的运动会拉伸或压缩火焰锋面,并在局部区域形成火焰面的“孤岛”结构。     

涡轮叶栅双排孔气膜冷却数值模拟

采用具有三阶精度TVD性质的有限差分格式、自由型曲面技术以及分区网格算法,对某型具有冷气孔形状的涡轮叶栅进行了全三维N-S方程数值求解,描述了相邻两排冷气射流在叶栅吸力面形成的冷却气膜以及壁面附近冷却射流运动的特点,分析了不同吹风比和喷射角度情况下冷却绝热效率的分布规律。结果表明,在较大的吹风比和喷射角下,交错排列的两排冷却射流运动规律非常复杂,在两排孔之间的区域与冷气孔下游区域冷却气膜的形成规律具有明显的区别。     

Quantifying Conformational Isomerism in Chain Molecules by Linear Raman Spectroscopy: The Case of Methyl Esters

The conformational preferences of the ester group have the potential to facilitate the large amplitude folding of long alkyl chains in the gas phase. They are monitored by Raman spectroscopy in supersonic jet expansions for the model system methyl butanoate, after establishing a quantitative relationship with quantum–chemical predictions for methyl methanoate. This requires a careful analysis of experimental details, and a simulation of the rovibrational contours for near-symmetric top molecules. The technique is shown to be complementary to microwave spectroscopy in quantifying coexisting conformations. It confirms that a C−O−C(=O)–C–C chain segment can be collapsed into a single all-trans conformation by collisional cooling, whereas alkyl chain isomerism beyond this five-membered chain largely survives the jet expansion. This sets the stage for the investigation of linear alkyl alkanoates in terms of dispersion-induced stretched-chain to hairpin transitions by Raman spectroscopy.     

Preparation of novel Ni-Ir/r-Al2O3 catalyst via high-frequency cold plasma direct reduction process

The novel Ni-Ir/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by high-frequency cold plasma direct reduction method (NIA-P) under ambient conditions without thermal treatment, and the conventional sample was prepared by impregnation, thermal calcination, and then by H2 reduction method (NIA-CR). The effects of reduction methods on catalysts for ammonia decomposition were studied, and the catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption, XPS, and H2-TPD. It was found that the plasma-reduced NIA-P sample showed a better catalytic performance, over which ammonia conversion was 68.9%, at T = 450 ℃, P = 1 atm, and GHSV = 30, 000 h−1. It was 31.7% higher than that of the conventional NIA-CR sample. XRD results showed that the crystallite size decreased for the sample with plasma reduction, and the dispersion of active components was improved. There were more active components on the surface of the NIA-P sample from the XPS results. This effect resulted in the higher activity for decomposition of ammonia. Meanwhile, the plasma process significantly decreased the time of preparing catalyst.     

Existence of global invariant jet differentials on projective hypersurfaces of high degree

Let be a smooth complex projective hypersurface. In this paper we show that, if the degree of X is large enough, then there exist global sections of the bundle of invariant jet differentials of order n on X, vanishing on an ample divisor. We also prove a logarithmic version, effective in low dimension, for the log-pair , where D is a smooth irreducible divisor of high degree. Moreover, these result are sharp, i.e. one cannot have such jet differentials of order less than n.     

LIF diagnostics of hydroxyl radical in a methanol containing atmospheric-pressure plasma jet

In this paper, a pulsed-dc CH_3OH/Ar plasma jet generated at atmospheric pressure is studied by laser-induced fluorescence(LIF) and optical emission spectroscopy(OES). A gas–liquid bubbler system is proposed to introduce the methanol vapor into the argon gas, and the CH3OH/Ar volume ratio is kept constant at about 0.1%. Discharge occurs in a 6-mm needle-to-ring gap in an atmospheric-pressure CH_3OH/Ar mixture. The space-resolved distributions of OH LIF inside and outside the nozzle exhibit distinctly different behaviors. And, different production mechanisms of OH radicals in the needle-to-ring discharge gap and afterglow of plasma jet are discussed. Besides, the optical emission lines of carbonaceous species, such as CH, CN, and C_2 radicals, are identified in the CH_3OH/Ar plasma jet. Finally, the influences of operating parameters(applied voltage magnitude, pulse frequency, pulsewidth) on the OH radical density are also presented and analyzed.