An experimental investigation of hypervelocity flow in a conical nozzle

The flow in a conical nozzle is examined experimentally for a range of hypervelocity conditions in a free-piston shock tunnel. The pitot pressure levels compare reasonably well with an inviscid numerical prediction which includes a correction for the growth of the nozzle wall boundary layer. The size of the nozzle wall boundary layer seems to be well predicted by semi-empirical expressions developed for perfect gas flows, as do data from other free-piston shock tunnels.     

一维光子晶体的全反射隧穿效应的解析研究

为研究一维光子晶体全反射隧穿效应的解析理论,利用多光束干涉理论推导出一维光子晶体的全反射隧穿导带频率满足的解析公式,从理论上解释了一维光子晶体的全反射隧穿效应产生的物理机理。利用频率的解析公式对全反射隧穿导带的频率随周期数、入射角以及周期光学厚度的变化规律进行了解析研究。并与传输矩阵法的计算结果进行了比较,结果发现两种方法得出的结论是吻合的,从而证明了解析理论的正确性。解析理论便于对各参量间的依赖关系进行解析研究,弥补了一维光子晶体研究中数值计算方法的不足。     

基于广义非线性统一强度理论的隧道塌落拱分析

基于广义非线性统一强度的剪切破坏理论,在平面应变状态下,根据极限上限定理和隧道顶部的围岩塌落机制,在耗散能中引入了包含曲线型破裂面方程的目标函数,建立了围岩中任意断面的隧道顶部围岩的塌落机制。基于塑性位势理论,考虑塑性应变增量与塑性势函数的应力梯度成正比,由此得出了在速度间断线上任意点内能的耗散率;再运用虚功原理,建立内能耗散率和外力做功相等的关系式,从而通过变分原理得出了隧道顶部塌落面的解析表达式,由该表达式计算出隧道顶部塌落面的形状。以圆形断面隧道为例,对影响塌落拱形状的隧道半径和中间主剪应力系数等相关参数进行了讨论分析。由此得出:在平面应变状态下,隧道顶部围岩塌落体的宽度和高度随着中间主剪应力系数的不断增大而减小;塌落面的高度随着广义非线性统一强度参数的不断增大而增大,而塌落面的宽度则不断减小;塌落宽度和塌落高度随隧道半径的增大而增大。     

P波作用下饱和土中深埋圆形复合式衬砌隧道动应力响应研究

采用波函数展开法,推导出了平面P波入射下饱和土中深埋圆形双层衬砌动应力集中问题的解析解,并将该解退化为弹性介质中双层衬砌对平面P波散射的稳态解,验证了计算结果的正确性。研究结果表明,饱和土中双层衬砌的内边界动应力集中系数值大于外边界;外侧衬砌及内侧衬砌弹性模量对衬砌的动应力集中系数影响较大,在保证外侧衬砌稳定性较好的条件下,内侧衬砌尽可能选择刚度较小的材料;增加外侧衬砌及内侧衬砌的厚度可明显地减小衬砌内的动应力集中系数。     

粗糙界面对铁磁半导体/d-波超导隧道结隧道谱的影响

考虑到铁磁半导体和d-波超导体中空穴的有效质量和费米速度错配,运用推广了的Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk(BTK)理论模型,研究了粗糙界面散射对铁磁半导体/d-波超导(FS/DS)隧道结的隧道谱的影响.研究表明:(1)铁磁半导体和d-波超导体中空穴的有效质量和费米速度错配对系统的微分电导影响显著;(2)粗糙界面散射对Andreev反射有抑制作用.     

Tunnel canonical operator in thermodynamics

We construct a natural measure on the thermodynamic Lagrangian manifold. The measure is defined via the kinetic coefficients. We study the accuracy of the asymptotics provided by the canonical operator for the derivatives of the logarithm of the partition function.     

二维高超声速钝体激波层紫外辐射的实验观察

利用光学多道分析仪，在JF-10氢氧爆轰驱动高焓激波风洞上测量了二维钝体驻点的发射光谱．实验结果表明，在200-280nm的波长范围内，辐射主要来自N0的γ系，同时还分辨出了0H的A-X跃迁、N2^ 的B-X跃迁和烧蚀金属的原子线辐射．     

卷弧翼气动特性研究进展

本文列举了卷弧翼在战术武器中的应用实例，介绍了卷弧翼的几何特性、气动特性、优缺点及布局设计，评述了对卷弧翼气动特性所做的理论与试验研究工作。最后指出了有待进一步研究的问题。     

Jet interaction at supersonic cross flow conditions

The thrust produced by lateral jet systems has been successfully used for several years to control the flight trajectory, i.e., the maneuverability of spacecraft in the high atmosphere and in orbit. Recently this technology has also been applied to projectiles and rockets flying in the low atmosphere from sea level up to more than 10 km. At ISL, investigations have been performed with a 90 mm caliber full-scale projectile in order to study a special side jet controlling system at flight speeds of about 1500 m/s, i.e., Mach number at altitudes of 1.5 and 7.5 km. The High Energy ISL Shock Tunnel facility is used as a ground testing facility in which the flow around the projectile is studied at fully duplicated flight conditions. In the test facility the projectile is fixed inside the test chamber and the atmospheric air is set in motion flowing around the projectile test model. The air flow is generated in the ISL Shock Tunnel STB which is equipped for this purpose with a divergent square nozzle with an exit side length of 184 mm. A lateral gas jet is produced by combusting a solid propellant in a combustion chamber, placed inside the projectile. The powder gases are blown out laterally via a nozzle, creating a complex flow field by the interaction of the lateral jet with the external cross flow. Differential interferometry is used to visualize the behavior of the external flow field distorted by the lateral jet outflow. Numerical simulations have been performed based on steady state computations using the conservation equations of mass, momentum and energy. This was done to theoretically predict the development of the flow field around the projectile under the influence of the side jet. As final result the lateral force acting on the projectile is given as force and moment amplification factors, K_F and K_M respectively.Received: 7 May 2002, Accepted: 12 March 2003, Published online: 16 May 2003An abridged version of this paper was presented at the 23rd Int. Symposium on Shock Waves at Fort Worth, Texas, from July 22 to 27, 2001     

天津电视塔塔楼风作用风洞模拟实验

通过风洞实验,给出了天津电视塔塔楼表面的平均风压系数、脉动风压系数分布及风压系数变化范围,同时给出了塔楼空气调节系统进排风口附近的环境风压,包括无进排风状态和有进排风状态,还对排风均压室结构的改变对环境的影响进行了试验.