六边形桥墩柔性抗船撞装置抗弯刚度

针对中国自主研发的桥梁柔性抗船撞装置,构建该装置模型:由两个相似的六边形梁为内外钢围以及均布且垂直于六边形各边的防撞圈构成。分析该模型得到在冲击载荷作用下六边形梁的控制方程及相应的初边值条件。利用Laplace变换和数值Laplace逆变换对该方程进行求解,揭示六边形梁在冲击载荷作用下的动态响应。并进一步分析外钢围等效抗弯刚度对抗船撞装置动态响应的影响,发现外刚围结构在冲击载荷作用下存在临界等效抗弯刚度。当外钢围等效抗弯刚度达到该临界值后,该外钢围在冲击载荷作用下可以近似为刚性。     

A Comment on the Low Speed Impact of a Clamped Beam by a Heavy Striker∗

ABSTRACT

An approximate theoretical analysis is presented for a rigid, perfectly plastic clamped beam struck transversely at the mid-span by a mass which produces Finite transverse displacements. An alternative quasi-static procedure is proposed for estimating the dynamic plastic response of a beam when struck by a heavy mass that travels at a low speed. The theoretical basis of this method is explained and the accuracy is examined by an error analysis. Finally, it is suggested that this quasi-static procedure could be used for estimating the dynamic plastic response of other structures that are struck by a heavy mass traveling at a low speed,     

用振动试验方法测定羽毛球拍杆的刚度

将羽毛球拍杆简化为单自由度弹簧质量系统,用振动试验方法测出系统的固有频率,用于计算羽毛球拍杆的抗弯刚度,并以此作为评定羽毛球拍杆软硬度的指标. 振动试验方法方便、准确,可用于代替现行弹性测试法,作为测定羽毛球拍杆软硬度的标准.     

表面织构对界面接触参数影响的实验研究

机械接触表面的接触刚度和接触阻尼是直接影响界面振动水平的两个重要动力学参数。本文介绍了一种测试机械连接界面接触刚度和接触阻尼的实验装置和方法,并针对用两种不同加工方法(激光加工及线切割)加工出的具有不同尺寸织构的试样与光滑平面相接触的界面进行了测量,初步探索了平面接触刚度和接触阻尼的表面织构效应,并得出结论：织构及润滑对接触刚度会产生一定影响,而实验中均未观察到这两者对接触阻尼有明显影响。     

四节点二十四自由度平板壳单元几何刚度矩阵显式解析式的推演算法研究

几何刚度矩阵的推演是结构几何非线性有限元分析的重点和难点之一。推导几何刚度矩阵显式解析表达式成为简化非线性有限元列式,提高分析效率的关键。本文在协同转动法框架下,基于刚体运动法则对四节点二十四自由度的平板壳单元几何刚度矩阵显式解析式进行了推导和讨论;分析了悬臂梁大转动、不同壁厚条件下简支圆柱形屋顶空间大变位两个经典算例。研究结果表明：（1）几何刚度矩阵的显式计算公式不仅为板壳结构几何非线性列式提供了方便而且具有良好的精度;（2）推导的几何刚度矩阵适用于各类型四边形二十四自由度平板壳单元模型;（3）与数值积分相比,采用解析形式的几何刚度矩阵可以显著提高非线性响应计算效率。     

Correlation between Functionated Structure and Nanomechanical Property Profiles of Silsesquioxane Films and Bulks

Three silsesquioxane (SSO) building blocks based on [3-(methacryloxy)propyl]trimethoxysilane (MPMS), [(3-glycidoxy)propyl] trimethoxysilane (GPMS), (vinyl)trimethoxysilane (VMS) and modified with 15 wt-% tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) were prepared using hydrolytic condensation. The hardness, elastic modulus and harmonic contact stiffness for three films [f-MTSSO (film-MPMS-TEOS-SSO), f-GTSSO and f-VTSSO] and bulks (b-MTSSO, b-GTSSO and b-VTSSO) derived from the three SSOs were tested by instrument-indentation testing. Different profiles of nanomechanical properties of the films can be attributed to a different functionality and the functionated structure of the different SSOs. The f-MTSSO shows better mechanical properties which are higher than the other two films containing more OH or OCH₃ groups. For the f-GTSSO with a bulky organic substituent, the unsatisfactory properties resulting from ring opening during hydrolytic condensation and an incomplete crosslinking network are discussed. However, the nanomechanical properties of the three bulks are very different from the corresponding nanomechanical properties of their films: b-VTSSO possesses the best nanomechanical properties (note: not b-MTSSO) among three bulks due to the differences in reaction conditions and chain less flexibility which are also discussed.     

Effects of fundamental structure parameters on dynamic responses of submerged floating tunnel under hydrodynamic loads

This paper investigates the effects of structure parameters on dynamic responses of submerged floating tunnel （SFT） under hydrodynamic loads. The structure parameters includes buoyancy-weight ratio （BWR）, stiffness coefficients of the cable systems, tunnel net buoyancy and tunnel length. First, the importance of structural damp in relation to the dynamic responses of SPT is demonstrated and the mechanism of structural damp effect is discussed. Thereafter, the fundamental structure parameters are investigated through the analysis of SFT dynamic responses under hydrodynamic loads. The results indicate that the BWR of SFT is a key structure parameter. When BWR is 1.2, there is a remarkable trend change in the vertical dynamic response of SFT under hydrodynamic loads. The results also indicate that the ratio of the tunnel net buoyancy to the cable stiffness coefficient is not a characteristic factor affecting the dynamic responses of SFT under hydrodynamic loads.     

一类液固混合介质隔振器的动力学特性研究

液固混合介质隔振器基于一种全新的工作机理,具有优良的隔振系统动力学特性.混合介质由一类几乎不可压缩液体和许多可压缩的固体单元混合而成.当振动、冲击发生时, 液体将动压力瞬间传递到所有单元体上,使它们同时参与变形,从而有效隔离振动,大幅度吸收、损耗冲击能量;若设计得当,这类隔振器可同时具有卓越的隔振和缓冲性能.以空心橡胶球作为固体单元体, 分析了该单元体在有限变形情况下的变形规律,分析了隔振器的非线性刚度特性; 采用MTS液压伺服试验系统进行了测试验证,理论分析和试验结果具有较好的一致性. 建立了系统的非线性动力学方程,采用多尺度摄动法获得了系统的频响特性, 发现系统具有软弹簧非线性动力学特性,并在试验中得到了证实; 因为弹性恢复力中存在位移平方项,通过试验和数值仿真进一步验证了系统响应的非对称性.      

Propagation of plane waves at the imperfect boundary of elastic and electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solids

The problem of reflection and transmission of plane waves incident on the contact surface of an elastic solid and an electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid is discussed. It is found that there exist five reflected waves, i.e., longitudinal displacement （LD） wave, thermal （T） wave, longitudinal microstretch （LM） wave and two coupled transverse displacement and microrotational （CD（I） and CD（II）） waves in the electro-microstretch generalized thermoelastic solid, and two transmitted waves, i.e., longitudinal （P） and transverse （SV） waves in the elastic solid. The amplitude ratios of different reflected and transmitted waves are obtained for an imperfect boundary and deduced for normal force stiffness, transverse force stiffness, and perfect bonding. The variations of amplitude ratios with incidence angles have been depicted graphically for the LD wave and the CD（I） wave. It is noticed that the amplitude ratios of reflected and transmitted waves are affected by the stiffness, electric field, stretch, and thermal properties of the media. Some particular interest cases have been deduced from the present investigations.     

内圈离心位移对高速角接触球轴承刚度的影响

以弹性力学理论、滚动轴承动力学和沟道控制理论为基础,计算了角接触球轴承内圈在离心力作用下的径向位移,给出了计及内圈离心位移影响时,高速角接触球轴承滚动体与内、外圈的接触刚度与轴承整体的径向刚度、轴向刚度、角刚度的计算方法和相应程序。对7012/CD轴承的计算结果表明,轴承内圈外径的离心位移随转速增加而增大,在高速条件下其值较大,不容忽视;轴承内圈离心位移对内圈接触刚度和轴承径向刚度影响较大,导致内圈接触刚度和轴承径向刚度相对增大;对外圈的接触刚度、轴承轴向刚度和角刚度的影响很小;随着转速的增加与内圈离心位移的增大,对轴承内圈接触刚度与轴承径向刚度的影响会更加明显。因此,为使高速角接触球轴承的刚度分析更加精确、更加接近实际,必须考虑内圈离心位移的影响。