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101.
Wentian Li 《Journal of statistical physics》1992,68(5-6):829-882
Dynamical systems with nonlocal connections have potential applications to economic and biological systems. This paper studies the dynamics of nonlocal cellular automata. In particular, all two-state, three-input nonlocal cellular automata are classified according to the dynamical behavior starting from random initial configurations and random wirings, although it is observed that sometimes a rule can have different dynamical behaviors with different wirings. The nonlocal cellular automata rule space is studied using a mean-field parametrization which is ideal for the situation of random wiring. Nonlocal cellular automata can be considered as computers carrying out computation at the level of each component. Their computational abilities are studied from the point of view of whether they contain many basic logical gates. In particular, I ask the question of whether a three-input cellular automaton rule contains the three fundamental logical gates: two-input rules AND and OR, and one-input rule NOT. A particularly interesting edge-of-chaos nonlocal cellular automaton, the rule 184, is studied in detail. It is a system of coupled selectors or multiplexers. It is also part of the Fredkin's gate—a proposed fundamental gate for conservative computations. This rule exhibits irregular fluctuations of density, large coherent structures, and long transient times. 相似文献
102.
Background: HTLV I Tax is believed to activate viral gene expression by binding bZIP proteins (such as CRIB) and increasing their affinities for proviral THE target sites. Each 21 by THE target site contains an imperfect copy of the intrinsically bent CRE target site (the TRE core) surrounded by highly conserved flanking sequences. These flanking sequences are essential for maximal increases in DNA affinity and transactivation, but they are not, apparently, contacted by protein. Here we employ non-denaturing gel electrophoresis to evaluate TRE conformation in the presence and absence of bZIP proteins, and to explore the role of DNA conformation in viral transactivation.Results: Our results show that the TRE-1 flanking sequences modulate the structure and modestly increase the affinity of a CREB bZIP peptide for the TRE-1 core recognition sequence. These flanking sequences are also essential for a maximal increase in stability of the CREB-DNA complex in the presence of Tax.Conclusions: The CRE-like TRE core and the TRE flanking sequences are both essential for formation of stable CRIB-TRE-1 and Tax-CREB-TRE-1 complexes. These two DNA segments may have co-evolved into a unique structure capable of recognizing Tax and a bZIP protein. 相似文献
103.
Hwang IW Park M Ahn TK Yoon ZS Ko DM Kim D Ito F Ishibashi Y Khan SR Nagasawa Y Miyasaka H Ikeda C Takahashi R Ogawa K Satake A Kobuke Y 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2005,11(12):3753-3761
The excitation-energy-hopping (EEH) times within two-dimensional cyclic zinc(II)-porphyrin arrays 5 and 6, which were prepared by intermolecular coordination and ring-closing metathesis reaction of olefins, were deduced by modeling the EEH process based on the anisotropy depolarization as well as the exciton-exciton annihilation dynamics. Assuming the number of energy-hopping sites N = 5 and 6, the two different experimental observables, that is, anisotropy depolarization and exciton-excition annihilation times, consistently give the EEH times of 8.0 +/- 0.5 and 5.3 +/- 0.6 ps through the 1,3-phenylene linkages of 5 and 6, respectively. Accordingly, the self-assembled cyclic porphyrin arrays have proven to be well-defined two-dimensional models for natural light-harvesting complexes. 相似文献
104.
Fullerenes C60 and C70 have high electron affinity ( 2.6 - 2.8 ev ) and readily form anions on electronchemical reduction1, which were famous as electron acceptor in photo-excitation because of symmetrical shape, large size, and properties of its p - electron system2. After observation of molecular ferromagnetism3 in the tetrakis (dimethylamino ) ethylene salt of C60 as well as the occurrence of ultra-fast photoinduced electron transfer within the dimethyl aniline - C60 complex4, prompted us… 相似文献
105.
He Ping ZENG 《中国化学快报》2002,13(12)
Photoinduced electron transfer processes between fullerenes (C60 / C70) and N, N, N′, N′- tetra - ( p-methylphenyl ) - 4, 4′- diamino - 1, 1′- diphenyl ether ( TPDAE ) have been studied by nanosecond laser flash photolysis. Quantum yields and rate constants of electron transfer from TPDAE to excited triplet state of fullerenes (C60 / C70 ) in benzonitrile have been evaluated by observing the transient absorption bands in the near-IR region where the excited triplet state, radical anion of fullerenes ( C60 / C70 ) and radical cations of TPDAE appear. 相似文献
106.
Dazhang Zhu Shilong Wang Xiaoyu Sun Yaming Ni Side Yao 《Frontiers of Chemistry in China》2007,2(4):354-358
The reaction mechanism between isoquinoline and ·OH radical in aqueous dilute solutions under different conditions was studied
by pulse radiolysis. The main characteristic peaks in these transient absorption spectra were attributed and the growth-decay
trends of several transient species were investigated. Under neutral or alkaline conditions, the reaction of ·OH radical and
isoquinoline produces OH-adducts with respective rate constants of 3.4 × 109 and 6.6 × 109 mol−1 · dm3 · s−1 while under acidic conditions, the isoquinoline was firstly protonated and then ·OH added to the benzene ring and produced
protonated isoquinoline OH-adducts with a rate constant of 3.9 × 109 mol−1 · dm3 · s−1. With a better understanding on radiolysis of isoquinoline, this study is of help for its degradation and for environmental
protection.
__________
Translated from Journal of Fudan University (Natural Science), 2006, 45(6): 774–778 [8BD1;81EA: 590D;65E6;5B66;62A5;(自然科学版)] 相似文献
107.
108.
Reflecting a single attosecond pulse by using periodic Mo/Si multilayer mirrors with different layers
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The reflecting of a single attosecond pulse from a periodic Mo/Si multilayer was investigated. By changing the number of bi-layers, the periodic multilayer showed greatly different spectral and temporal responses of the attosecond pulse reflection, which has been discussed in detail in this paper. The capability of attosecond pulse reflection of the periodic multilayers with different bi-layer numbers has been evaluated using suitable temporal parameters. In addition, the condition for obtaining high-efficiency reflected pulses has been analyzed by comparing the pulse responses of the periodic multilayer with different layers. The transfer-matrix method together with the fast Fourier transform has been used in our simulation. 相似文献
109.
This paper outlines the development and adaptation of a coupling strategy for transient temperature analysis in a solid via a conjugate heat transfer method. This study proposes a quasi‐dynamic coupling procedure to bridge the temporal disparities between the fluid and the solid. In this approach, dynamic thermal modeling in the solid is coupled with a sequence of steady states in the fluid. This quasi‐dynamic algorithm has been applied to the problem of convective heat transfer over, and transient conduction heat transfer within, a flat plate using the severe thermal conditions of a solid propellant rocket. Two different coupled thermal computations have been performed. In the first one—referred to as the reference computation—the coupling period is equal to the smallest solid time constant. In the second one, a very large coupling period is used. The results show that the procedure can predict accurate transient temperature fields at a reasonable computational cost. The simulation CPU time is approximately reduced by up to 90%, while maintaining a very good accuracy. All the details of the numerical test case are given in the paper. This application illustrates the capabilities and the overall efficiency of this coupled approach in a solid transient problem using long term simulations of time dependent flows. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
110.
The unsaturable trap model, which attributes the increase of the electrical resistivity of fcc metals during electron irradiation in the temperature regime of Stage-II recovery to the trapping of Stage-IE interstitials at impurity atoms, is shown to be in serious disagreement with the experiments, contrary to opposite statements in the literature. As shown recently, the predictions of the unsaturable trap model are independent of the dimensionality of the diffusion of the Stage-IE interstitials. Previous attempts to rule out a one-dimensional migration of the Stage-IE interstitials (and hence the two-interstitial model) on the basis of the alleged agreement of the unsaturable trap model with Stage-II damage curves are thus meaningless. On the contrary, it is demonstrated that the two-interstitial model accounts for minute details of the measured Stage-II damage curves in a natural way. 相似文献