内爆荷载作用下PC箱梁桥的动态响应过程

采用三阶段连续耦合有限元方法,对预应力钢筋砼(Prestressed reinforced concrete,PC)箱梁桥在内爆荷载作用下的动态响应过程进行了数值模拟,综合考虑了结构自重和预应力的影响,得到了PC箱梁桥局部和整体的破坏模式,并分析了破坏机理。结果表明:三阶段连续耦合有限元方法再现了PC箱梁桥局部破坏导致整体垮塌的物理过程;初始应力阶段,PC箱梁桥应力施加符合工程实际;局部响应阶段,腹板与顶板连接部位产生裂缝,顶板与底板在中央位置形成破口;整体响应阶段,在重力和预应力的作用下,箱梁桥先向上起拱,后向下垮塌,最终发生弯曲破坏。     

薄壁圆管轴向冲击下的动态特性研究

采用落锤冲击实验机和材料实验机(MTS)研究薄壁圆管轴向载荷下的动态力学特性,得到不同冲击速度下的轴向力-位移曲线.发现惯性对薄壁圆管轴向压缩的动态吸能特性影响不大,而落锤不同冲击加载速度即代表应变率的变化引起的薄壁圆管材料屈服应力的提高,使得薄壁圆管比吸能SEA(单位质量结构所吸收的能量)和平均轴向压缩力Pm随着应变率的增加而呈上升趋势.对不同应变率下的Pm进行无量纲化处理,发现实验结果与前人推导的理论结果趋势一致.对比动态和准静态实验结果,发现圆管的动态变形模态相比准静态结果发生了改变,更高速度冲击下薄壁圆管的动态特性有待进一步研究.     

腹板V形加劲冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢柱试验研究

为了解腹板V形加劲冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢构件的受压性能,对8根短柱和中长柱进行了轴心受压试验研究。在试验之前首先用有限条和有限元方法对柱试件进行了详细的设计,以确保发生畸变屈曲失效。柱受压试验结果发现：所有试件均发生畸变屈曲失效破坏,同时在峰值荷载时中长柱试件有绕弱轴的弯曲产生,畸变屈曲和局部屈曲一样也有一定的屈曲后强度。在总结分析现有国内外规范计算理论的基础上,提出了基于直接强度法设计腹板V形加劲冷弯薄壁卷边槽钢轴压构件畸变屈曲承载力的计算方法。采用该建议方法计算所得结果与试验值和参数分析值吻合较好,其设计过程简便且安全可靠。     

Free vibration of horizontally curved thin-walled beams with rectangular hollow sections considering two compatible displacement fields

A finite element is presented for vibration analyses of horizontally curved thin-walled rectangular hollow beams. Eight cross-section deformation modes are employed to describe the mid-surface contour displacement field with the modal superposition method. Focused on the in-plane moment equilibrium condition and the displacement continuity condition, two compatible displacement fields are constructed to calculate the strain energy and the kinetic energy of the beam, respectively. With the application of Hamilton’s principle the dynamic governing equations are formulated, and then approximated for the finite element implementation. Finally, numerical examples are illustrated to verify the validity of the present theory.     

薄壁球壳压缩非对称屈曲特性的实验及有限元分析

采用实验方法研究了球壳在刚性板准静态和冲击压缩下变形特性及非对称屈曲模态, 结合ABAQUS有限元分析了球壳冲击压缩下的屈曲变形过程、非对称屈曲特性, 探讨了其影响因素. 研究结果表明: (1)非对称屈曲模态与冲击速度相关, 随着加载速度提高, 薄壁球壳非对称屈曲从5边形转变为6边形. (2)在冲击速度较小时, 力—位移响应曲线及失稳变形模态与准静态几乎相同, 可近似按准静态过程分析. (3)在对称屈曲阶段的力—位移响应曲线, 有限元与实验结果吻合较好. 进一步对实验与有限元模拟结果在非对称屈曲阶段的差别进行了探讨, 认为冲击实验中平板与球壳的接触约束变化对非对称变形过程有重要作用.     

GEOMETRICALLY NONLINEAR FINITE ELEMENT MODEL OF SPATIAL THIN-WALLED BEAMS WITH GENERAL OPEN CROSS SECTION

Based on the theory of Timoshenko and thin-walled beams, a new finite element model of spatial thin-walled beams with general open cross sections is presented in the paper, in which several factors are included such as lateral shear deformation, warp generated by nonuni- form torsion and second-order shear stress, coupling of flexure and torsion, and large displacement with small strain. With an additional internal node in the element, the element stiffness matrix is deduced by incremental virtual work in updated Lagrangian （UL） formulation. Numerical examples demonstrate that the presented model well describes the geometrically nonlinear property of spatial thin-walled beams.     

开口薄壁杆件结构稳定分析的精确单元和两步求解算法

从控制微分方程的通解出发,构造受偏心压力作用开口薄壁杆件的精确形函数,建立用于开口薄壁杆件结构稳定性分析的精确有限元,得到了单元刚度矩阵和几何刚度矩阵的显式表达,提出了计算给定区间内各阶临界荷载以及相应失稳模态的两步计算方法。计算结果表明,与常规单元相比,采用精确单元无需进行网格细分就可以获得精确的数值结果,结合本文的两步求解算法,可以准确获得给定区间内全部临界荷载和失稳模态。     

开口薄壁梁的扭转理论与应用

以Vlasov薄壁构件理论为基础, 推导了开口薄壁构件一阶扭转理论. 该理论考虑了翘曲剪应力对截面转角的影响, 截面的转角分为自由翘曲转角和约束剪切转角, 在约束扭转中, St.Venant扭矩仅仅与自由翘曲转角有关, 而翘曲扭矩仅与约束剪切转角有关. 利用半逆解方法求出了约束扭转中薄壁构件的St.Venant扭矩表达公式; 依据能量方法, 建立了约束剪切转角和翘曲扭矩之间的关系, 并提出了翘曲剪切系数概念, 给出了一阶扭转理论的微分方程. 为了有效求解微分方程, 给出了求解微分方程的初参数法方程和相应的影响函数矩阵; 当St.Venant扭矩可以忽略时, 得到与一阶弯曲理论(Timoshenko梁理论)相似的一阶扭转理论简化形式. 最后利用算例证明了一阶扭转理论和简化理论的有效性.      

A new finite element of spatial thin-walled beams

Based on the theories of Timoshenko＇s beams and Vlasov＇s thin-walled members, a new spatial thin-walled beam element with an interior node is developed. By independently interpolating bending angles and warp, factors such as transverse shear deformation, torsional shear deformation and their Coupling, coupling of flexure and torsion, and second shear stress are considered. According to the generalized variational theory of Hellinger-Reissner, the element stiffness matrix is derived. Examples show that the developed model is accurate and can be applied in the finite element analysis of thinwalled structures.     

Large deflection of circular plate under compound load

By means of the perturbation method, this paper presents an approximate solution for large deflection of clamped circular plate under uniform pressure together with a concentrated load at the center. The special case of vanishing central deflection is also discussed. In this paper, a load distribution function is introduced so as to make the compound loads depend on a single load parameter, and average angular deflection is used as the single displacement perturbation parameter.