考虑剪力滞和剪切变形的薄壁箱梁自振特性分析

以能量变分原理为基础,综合考虑箱形梁满足应力自平衡的剪力滞、剪切变形和转动惯量等多重因素的影响,推导出箱梁的自由振动方程及自然边界条件。通过算例将本文解析计算结果与ANSYS有限元计算结果进行了比较。结果表明,两者计算结果吻合良好,论证了本文计算方法的正确。所得公式比以往箱形箱梁自振特性计算理论有一定发展,并得出了一些对工程设计有意义的结论;在剪力滞效应的作用下,箱形梁的固有频率减小幅度较大,不能忽略;剪力滞效应随频率阶次的升高而变大,随着跨宽比的减小而增大。     

考虑剪切变形的薄壁箱梁畸变分析

采用广义坐标法,建立畸变位移模式和几何方程,推导出畸变剪应力;基于混合变分原理,建立了一种新的畸变理论和梁段单元模型,该理论充分考虑了剪切变形的影响。基于新理论,指出了在单箱室箱梁不存在布莱特纯畸变,明确了畸变中心的定义,研究了畸变剪应力成分对剪切变形的影响及其影响程度。结果表明,对于常见的箱梁是可以忽略剪切变形的对畸变效应的影响。     

剪力滞效应对箱形梁挠度影响的研究

从剪力滞翘曲应力的轴向平衡条件出发,选取双室箱梁的合理翘曲位移函数,引入相应于剪力滞翘曲变形的惯性矩和惯性积等几何特性,用能量变分法建立薄壁箱梁剪力滞效应分析的控制微分方程。通过求解控制微分方程,导出集中荷载和均布荷载作用下简支箱梁和悬臂箱梁的挠度公式及有限梁段单元刚度矩阵,模型试验和ANSYS壳单元计算结果证实了其正确性。结合简支、悬臂和连续箱梁数值算例,具体分析剪力滞效应对箱梁挠度的提高程度。结果表明,无论在集中荷载还是均布荷载作用下,剪力滞效应对简支箱梁的挠度均有显著提高。在集中荷载作用下,剪力滞效应对连续箱梁挠度的提高可达14%;对于跨宽比约为4.0～6.0的简支箱梁,可将按初等梁计算的跨中挠度乘以提高系数1.05～1.11;计算悬臂箱梁的挠度时,一般可以忽略剪力滞效应的影响。     

Strength differential effect and influence of strength criterion on burst pressure of thin-walled pipelines

In the framework of the finite deformation theory, the plastic collapse analysis of thin-walled pipes subjected to the internal pressure is conducted on the basis of the unified strength criterion (USC). An analytical solution of the burst pressure for pipes with capped ends is derived, which includes the strength differential effect and takes the influence of strength criterion on the burst pressure into account. In addition, a USC-based analytical solution of the burst pressure for end-opened pipes under the internal pressure is obtained. By discussion, it is found that for the end-capped pipes, the influence of different yield criteria and the strength differential effect on the burst pressure are significant, while for the end-opened pipes, the burst pressure is independent of the specific form of the strength criterion and strength difference in tension and compression.     

Powell’s optimal identification of material constants of thin-walled box girders based on Fibonacci series search method

A dynamic Bayesian error function of material constants of the structure is developed for thin-walled curve box girders. Combined with the automatic search scheme with an optimal step length for the one-dimensional Fibonacci series, Powell’s optimization theory is used to perform the stochastic identification of material constants  of the thin-walled curve box. Then, the steps in the parameter identification are presented. Powell’s identification procedure for material constants of the thin-walled curve box is compiled, in which the mechanical analysis of the thin-walled curve box is completed based on the finite curve strip element (FCSE) method. Some classical examples show that Powell’s identification is numerically stable and convergent, indicating that the present method and the compiled procedure are correct and reliable. During the parameter iterative processes, Powell’s theory is irrelevant with the calculation of the FCSE partial differentiation, which proves the high computation efficiency of the studied methods. The stochastic performances of the system parameters and responses are simultaneously considered in the dynamic Bayesian error function. The one-dimensional optimization problem of the optimal step length is solved by adopting the Fibonacci series search method without the need of determining the region, in which the optimized step length lies.     

波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的动力特性研究

通过对30m波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的模态特性进行有限元分析和试验研究,了解这种钢-混组合结构的固有振动特性,为波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的动力响应分析与抗震设计提供依据.研究表明,波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的动力特性与一般的混凝土梁相比存在很大的差异,波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁结构的横向刚度和扭转刚度都比较小,在设计中必需予以重视.波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的固有振动频率公式计算的基频结果与模态试验结果十分吻合,可用来计算波形钢腹板PC组合箱梁的基频.     

Free Vibration Analysis of RC Box-Girder Bridges Using FEM

The free vibration analysis of simply supported box-girder bridges is carried out using the finite element method. The fundamental frequency is determined in straight, skew, curved and skew-curved box-girder bridges. It is important to analyse the combined effect of skewness and curvature because skew-curved box-girder bridge behaviour cannot be predicted by simply adding the individual effects of skewness and curvature. At first, an existing model is considered to validate the present approach. A convergence study is carried out to decide the mesh size in the finite element method. An exhaustive parametric study is conducted to determine the fundamental frequency of box-girder bridges with varying skew angle, curve angle, span, span-depth ratio and cell number. The skew angle is varied from 0° to 60°, curve angle is varied from 0° to 60°, span is changed from 25 to 50 m, span-depth ratio is varied from 10 to 16, and single cell & double cell are used in the present study. A total of 420 bridge models are used for parametric study in the investigation. Mode shapes of the skew-curved bridge are also presented. The fundamental frequency of the skew-curved box-girder bridge is found to be more than the straight bridge, so, the skew-curved box-girder bridge is preferable. The present study may be useful in the design of box-girder bridges.     

航空薄壁管件三辊斜轧减径段壁厚变化规律

创新三辊斜轧工艺可实现薄壁管件减径增厚. 利用刚塑性有限元方法, 以5056铝合金薄壁管件为研究对象, 对薄壁管件三辊斜轧进行数值模拟, 探究薄壁管件坯料端部壁厚对力能参数与壁厚增厚效果的影响. 研究表明, 增厚段壁厚越大, 轴向轧制力越大, 不利于薄壁管件的增厚; 选择坯料端部壁厚为2.5mm, 成形增厚效果较好, 符合增厚段成形后壁厚要求.     

点火能对预混气体爆炸过程及管道薄壁加载响应的影响

在两端封闭的无缝不锈钢管道中,利用压力传感器、应变片以及数据采集系统实验测试了不同点火能作用下,管道内甲烷-空气预混气体爆炸波发展规律及由此造成的管道外壁的动态响应。结果表明,点火能量越大,爆炸反应程度越剧烈,管道内最大爆炸压力就越大,管道薄壁的最大动态应变也越大,爆炸波发展就越迅速,并且管壁动态应变信号和压力波信号出现较好的一致性。本文结果可为油气长输管道的爆炸破坏效应研究提供一种新的思路和方法。     

Interaction of differently shaped bodies in a potential flow of perfect compressible fluid: Axisymmetric internal problem

An approach is proposed to investigate an axisymmetric system consisting of an infinite thin elastic cylindrical shell that contains a potential flow of perfect compressible fluid and a periodically vibrating spherical inclusion. The approach emerged as part of a project devoted to developing methods to bring plugged oil wells back into production by the Vibration Theory Department of the S. P. Timoshenko Institute of Mechanics. This mathematical approach allows transforming the general solutions to equations of mathematical physics from one coordinate system to another to obtain an exact analytical solution (in the form of Fourier series) to interaction problems for systems of rigid and elastic bodies __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 42, No. 9, pp. 16–31, September 2006.