双层耦合介质中四边形图灵斑图的数值研究

采用双层线性耦合Lengyel-Epstein模型,在二维空间对简单正四边和超点阵四边形进行了数值分析.结果表明:当两子系统波数比N1时,随耦合强度的增大,基模的波矢空间共振形式发生改变,系统由简单六边形自发演化为结构复杂的新型斑图,除已报道的超六边形外,还获得了简单正四边和多种超点阵四边形,包括大小点、点线、白眼和环状超四边等斑图.当耦合系数α和β在一定范围内同步增大时,两子系统形成相同波长的Ⅰ型简单正四边;当α和β不同步增大时,由于两图灵模在短波子系统形成共振,系统斑图经相变发生Ⅰ型正四边→Ⅱ型正四边→超点阵四边形的转变;当系统失去耦合作用时,短波子系统波长为λ的Ⅰ型正四边斑图迅速失稳并形成波长为λ/N的Ⅰ型正四边,随模拟时间的延长,两子系统中不同波长的正四边均会经相变发生Ⅰ型正四边→Ⅱ型正四边→六边形的转变.     

二维可压缩流体Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性

利用高精度数值格式,研究了二维可压缩流体中的Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性,主要研究了可压缩性对Kelvin-Helmholtz稳定性增长率的影响.模拟定量的给出低Mach和高Mach数两种情况下,初始静压和对流Mach数以及Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性线性增长率的关系.模拟结果和自由剪切层以及混合层的实验结果以及理论分析一致.模拟表明,对流Mach数是描述流体可压缩性的合适参数,对流Mach数越小流体越不可压,Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性的线性增长率随对流Mach数的增加而减小. 关键词： Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性 可压缩流体 Mach数 超音速流体     

Solitary Wave Solutions of Discrete Complex Ginzburg-Landau Equation by Modified Adomian Decomposition Method

In this paper, exact and numerical solutions are calculated for discrete complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with initial condition by considering the modified Adomian decomposition method （mADM）, which is an efficient method and does not need linearization, weak nonlinearity assumptions or perturbation theory. The numerical solutions are also compared with their corresponding analytical solutions. It is shown that a very good approximation is achieved with the analytical solutions. Finally, the modulational instability is investigated and the corresponding condition is given.     

Investigation of fast pitch angle scattering of runaway electrons in the EAST tokamak

This paper reports that an experimental investigation of fast pitch angle scattering(FPAS) of runaway electrons in the EAST tokamak has been performed.From the newly developed infrared detector(HgCdTe) diagnostic system,the infrared synchrotron radiation emitted by relativistic electrons can be obtained as a function of time.The FPAS is analysed by means of the infrared detector diagnostic system and the other correlative diagnostic systems(including electron-cyclotron emission,hard x-ray,neutrons).It is found that the intensity of infrared synchrotron radiation and the electron-cyclotron emission signal increase rapidly at the time of FPAS because of the fast increase of pitch angle and the perpendicular velocity of the energetic runaway electrons.The Parail and Pogutse instability is a possible mechanism for the FPAS.     

��������ѹǿ��Line-tiedŤ�����ȶ��������ʺͱ���������Ӱ��

应用半解析方法,研究了直圆柱位形下等离子体压强P0分别为P0=0、P0=常数和P0=f(r)时Line-tied扭曲不稳定性的增长率和二维径向本征函数的演化规律。结果表明,P0=0和P0=常数时的轴向波数k的范围相同,但P0=常数时的增长率比P0=0时的小。P0=f(r)时的轴向波数k的范围和增长率则都比P0=0时的大,同时磁流体的速度变化也较大。因此,P0=f(r)更接近实际的物理模型(例如日冕的喷射问题)。     

Nonlinear Saturation Amplitude in Classical Planar Richtmyer–Meshkov Instability

The classical planar Richtmyer–Meshkov instability(RMI) at a fluid interface supported by a constant pressure is investigated by a formal perturbation expansion up to the third order,and then according to definition of nonlinear saturation amplitude(NSA) in Rayleigh–Taylor instability(RTI),the NSA in planar RMI is obtained explicitly.It is found that the NSA in planar RMI is affected by the initial perturbation wavelength and the initial amplitude of the interface,while the effect of the initial amplitude of the interface on the NSA is less than that of the initial perturbation wavelength.Without marginal influence of the initial amplitude,the NSA increases linearly with wavelength.The NSA normalized by the wavelength in planar RMI is about 0.11,larger than that corresponding to RTI.     

An efficient and robust numerical algorithm for estimating parameters in Turing systems

We present a new algorithm for estimating parameters in reaction–diffusion systems that display pattern formation via the mechanism of diffusion-driven instability. A Modified Discrete Optimal Control Algorithm (MDOCA) is illustrated with the Schnakenberg and Gierer–Meinhardt reaction–diffusion systems using PDE constrained optimization techniques. The MDOCA algorithm is a modification of a standard variable step gradient algorithm that yields a huge saving in computational cost. The results of numerical experiments demonstrate that the algorithm accurately estimated key parameters associated with stationary target functions generated from the models themselves. Furthermore, the robustness of the algorithm was verified by performing experiments with target functions perturbed with various levels of additive noise. The MDOCA algorithm could have important applications in the mathematical modeling of realistic Turing systems when experimental data are available.     

高速摄影在流体动力学不稳定性研究中的应用

用高速摄影技术研究了高压气体膨胀驱动空气-水界面的瑞利-泰勒不稳定性,获得了空气-水界面的不稳定性清晰图像,得到气炮尖顶运动速度及湍流混合层高度增长速度与时间关系曲线。在横式激波管上用高速纹影诊断技术研究了激波作用空气-SF6界面的里克特迈耶-梅什科夫不稳定性,初步获得了实验图像,可清晰显示混合区变化过程。     

The effect of interfacial energy anisotropy on planar interface instability in a succinonitrile alloy under a small temperature gradient

The morphological stability of a planar interface with different crystallographic orientations is studied under a small positive temperature gradient using a transparent model alloy of succinonitrile.Novel experimental apparatus is constructed to provide a temperature gradient of about 0.37 K/mm.Under this small temperature gradient,the planar interface instability depends largely on the crystallographic orientation.It is shown experimentally that the effect of interfacial energy anisotropy on planar interface stability cannot be neglected even in a small temperature gradient system.Higher interfacial energy anisotropy leads the planar interface to become more unstable,which is different from the stabilizing effect of the interfacial energy on the planar interface.The experimental results are in agreement with previous theoretical calculations and phase field simulations.     

Formation of Concentrated Nanoemulsions by Extreme Shear

Abstract

We have systematically investigated the production of “nanoemulsions,” droplets of one liquid phase in another immiscible liquid phase that have diameters less than 100 nm. Our approach relies on a combination of extreme shear due to multipass, high‐pressure microfluidic injection and systematic control of the emulsion's composition. By repeatedly shearing a silicone oil‐in‐water emulsion in an inhomogeneous extensional shear flow, the multipass approach enables us to reduce the droplet polydispersity and average radius. Using dynamic light scattering, we study the changes in the average radius, ?a?, as a function of the number of passes, driving injection pressure (i.e., shear rate), droplet volume fraction, surfactant concentration, and droplet oil viscosity. The smallest nanoemulsion that we obtain has ?a?=18 nm. At large droplet volume fractions φ≥0.65, we observe phase inversion, rather than a reduction in the droplet size. This provides evidence that droplet coalescence can occur during extreme shear, even when a significant excess of a strongly stabilizing surfactant is present.