Synchronous cultures of the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus: Comparison of picosecond decay associated emission spectra and fluorescence induction kinetics

Decay-associated emission spectra of synchronized cultures of Scenedesmusobliquus have been studied at two stages of their life cycle corresponding to the maximum and minimum of photosynthetic capacity. These decay-associated spectra comprise three kinetic components. The two components which are assigned to photosystem II show variations in their relative amplitudes depending on the life cycle of the cells. From the correlations observed in the decay-associated fluorescence spectra on the one hand and the fluorescence induction parameters on the other hand we obtained further evidence that the two photosystem II fluorescence components are directly related to the two fluorescence induction phases. This correlation supports our previous assignment of the two photosystem II fluorescence decay components of about 0.3 ns and about 0.6 ns lifetimes at the F₀ level (open photosystem II reaction centres to photosystem II α units and photosystem II β units respectively. The most pronounced difference between cells at the 8th hour of the life cycle and those at the 16th hour consists in the size of the photosystem II β units which are about 30% larger for the latter. In agreement with previous studies it was found that at these two stages the photosystem I units do not differ in size.     

Effects of cationic micelles on fluorescence of indole and indolecarboxylic acids. Analytical determinations

The effect of cationic micelles of benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide on the fluorescence spectra of indole and its carboxylic derivatives were determined. The larger solute-micelle binding constants were provided by benzyldimethylhexadecylammonium chloride, ranging from 0.10·10⁵ and 2.15·10⁵ M ^–1 for indole-5-carboxylic and indole-2-carboxylic acid, respectively. The determination of indole-4-carboxylic acid with a detection limit of 1.0 ng ml^–1, in the presence of the 3-and 5-substituted derivatives, shows the analytical potential of the synchronous spectrofluorimetry combined with the enhancement effects caused by micellar media.     

编码式光纤光栅传感阵列解调方案的论证

介绍了编码式光栅传感阵列的结构及其传感信号的特点。采用梳状结构对编码式光纤光栅传感阵列进行解调，利用被测光谱通过阵列波导光栅不同通道时输出的不同光强的比值确定被测光的波长。该文分别从理想状态和存在背景反射的状态论证了本文提出的方案的可行性，分析了噪声引起的误差。该系统不但适合于解调大容量的波长信息，而且在解调时不存在任何机械移动部分便可以快速、同时测量多个波长。     

迭代估计法单幅条纹图的相位解调

基于相位曲面的光滑连续性,提出一种新的自适应相位解调方法,该方法通过迭代估计,能有效从干涉条纹图获得较准确的条纹相位分布,文中通过实例说明了其处理过程。     

光纤声传感反正切解调的采样率与信号幅度关系

针对光纤光栅声传感系统反正切解调算法中采样率与声场幅度相关这一现象,计算分析了正弦声信号、高斯脉冲声信号在3种不同反正切算法下幅度与采样率的关系,用脉冲声信号进行了实验验证,并从相位展开方式的判据出发予以机理解释,以期望在应用前可根据声场、传感器灵敏度等选择恰当的采样率。数值计算和实验结果表明,这3种方式需要的采样率均与信号幅度呈线性关系,分别需要一个声周期内采样点数为信号幅度的8倍、4倍和2倍。此外,还将3种方式与微分-交叉相乘算法在软件计算时的实时性和计算精度进行了比较,在满足采样率要求时三者均较微分-交叉相乘算法的表现更佳。     

La3+离子对过氧化氢酶活性的影响

利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、同步荧光及X射线光电子能谱方法研究了生理条件下稀土离子La^3 对过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响,并探讨了其化学过程．结果表明,生理条件下稀土离子La^3 与CAT侧链氨基酸残基上的O或N原子结合,改变了O,N和S原子的电子云密度及过氧化物酶蛋白分子的空间折叠态和卟啉活性中心的易变性,从而影响了酶的活性．     

二阶导数同步荧光光谱测定卷烟主流烟气中的苯并(a)芘

研究了卷烟主流烟气粒相物中苯并(a)芘(BaP)的同步荧光及其一阶和二阶导数光谱, 发现二阶导数同步光谱可明显减少背景及BaP同系物对BaP测定的干扰。据此建立了一种固相萃取-二阶导数同步荧光光谱法测定卷烟主流烟气粒相物中BaP的新方法。方法检测限为0.2 ng·mL-1,平均回收率为80.2%～86.2%,相对标准偏差为2.64%～3.02%。     

光纤光栅法布里-珀罗温度传感器的理论分析

通过对弱反射率、长腔长布拉格光纤光栅Fabry-Perot腔(FBG-FP腔)的反射与透射理论分析,得出反射光相位变化与温度变化的关系式,得出了FBG-FP腔中心波长变化与温度变化的关系式,并提出了一种有效的实验解调方法,该方法通过对绝对相位的检测,得出温度的变化量。     

导数恒能量同步荧光法快速同时分析芴、咔唑、苯并[a]芘和苝

建立了芴、咔唑、苯并[a]芘和苝四组分同时测定的导数恒能量同步荧光分析法,并对其优越性进行了比较说明.该法简便快速,无需对混合物进行分离,只需一次扫描,就可实现这四组分的同时鉴别和定量测定.将该方法应用于河水样、自来水样和大气飘尘样的分析,取得了良好的效果,回收率分别为90.0%～108.0%,90.0%～104.0%和90.0%～102.0%.     

探针JDC-108测定生物样品中的蛋白质

在模拟人体生理条件下,基于JDC-108与人血清白蛋白(HSA)相互作用生成复合物,导致血清白蛋白的内源荧光产生特异性变化,而建立了以JDC-108为分子探针,用固定波长同步荧光光谱分析测定蛋白质的新方法。体系同步荧光光谱特征及强度受Δλ、反应介质、反应温度等因素的影响。在20℃、Tris-HCl缓冲液(pH=7.40)及离子强度为0.1 mol/L的NaCl溶液中,体系的Δλ为20 nm的同步荧光强度(ISF)与人血清白蛋白在2.0~497 mg/L的浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系;检出限为0.76 mg/L(n=11)。本实验对血清、尿样和唾液样品进行了测定,回收率在97.7%~103.4%之间。实验结果表明:本方法具有简单、快速、灵敏度较高、线性范围宽、精密度和回收率较好等优点,可直接用于生物样品中蛋白质总量的测定,结果令人满意。