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121.
J. Peter H. Pabon 《Journal of voice》1991,5(3)
A phonetogram is a plot of the dynamic range of the voice as a function of fundamental frequency. Traditionally, the phonetogram only records the sound-pressure level (SPL) of the threshold of phonation and the upper limit in SPL the voice can reach with sustained phonation as a function of the fundamental frequency (F0). In this study, the phonetogram is extended by including acoustic voice-quality parameters. Three additional parameters are tested: jitter, shimmer, and crest factor. For each individual voice, the variation in the three parameters is evaluated over the entire phonetogram area. By averaging individual phonetograms, standard or norm phonetograms are obtained revealing general patterns in voice-quality variation. These patterns reflect the complex relations between F0, SPL, and the acoustic voice-quality parameters just mentioned. Jitter and shimmer distributions over the phonetogram show that large variations in perturbation values can be expected when production conditions are altered. Highest perturbation values are found for the low F0 and low SPL phonations. For all voices, a gradual decrease of the crest factor is found with increasing F0, reflecting the degrading of spectral complexity with F0. The crest-factor parameter can also be used to mark those areas in the phonetogram where the fundamental dominates the waveform and where flow control is the main SPL regulating mechanism in voice production. The strong quality variations within the phonetogram stress the need for accurate control of F0 and SPL in objective voice-quality measurement. 相似文献
122.
Recently GaN-based high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) have
revealed the superior properties of a high breakdown field and high
electron saturation velocity. Reduction of the gate leakage current
is one of the key issues to be solved for their further improvement.
This paper reports that an Al layer as thin as 3 nm was inserted
between the conventional Ni/Au Schottky contact and n-GaN epilayers,
and the Schottky behaviour of Al/Ni/Au contact was investigated
under various annealing conditions by current--voltage (I--V)
measurements. A non-linear fitting method was used to extract the
contact parameters from the I--V characteristic curves.
Experimental results indicate that reduction of the gate leakage
current by as much as four orders of magnitude was successfully
recorded by thermal annealing. And high quality Schottky contact
with a barrier height of 0.875 eV and the lowest reverse-bias
leakage current, respectively, can be obtained under 12 min
annealing at 450°C in N2 ambience. 相似文献
123.
在掺铒玻璃波导放大器(EDWA)的三能级速率-传输方程中,考虑两次离子交换工艺中波导掩模窗口宽度w不同所导致的抽运光、信号光模场与光强分布的不同,讨论不同w对EDWA增益特性的影响,得到光强分布的数值解.引入描述波导中抽运光和信号光的归一化光强重叠因子,对EDWA的传统近似解提出修正,得到了修正解,使其更加接近光强分布的数值解.模拟结果表明,在条波导长度为4 cm、抽运光波长为980 nm、功率为80 mW、信号光波长为1534 nm、功率为-10 dBm条件下,不同w所导致EDWA的增益差别可达297 dB.修正解的结果比传统近似解更加接近光强分布的数值解.修正解对于EDWA的理论研究、器件设计具有指导作用.
关键词:
集成光学
掺铒玻璃波导放大器
重叠积分因子
增益 相似文献
124.
双材料界面裂纹平面问题的半权函数法 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
应用半权函数法求解双材料界面裂纹的平面问题.由平衡方程、应力应变关系、界面的连续条件以及裂纹面零应力条件推导出裂尖的位移和应力场,其特征值为lambda及其共轭.设置特征值为lambda的虚拟位移和应力场,即界面裂纹的半权函数A·D2由功的互等定理得到应力强度因子KⅠ和KⅡ以半权函数与绕裂尖围道上参考位移和应力积分关系的表达式.数值算例体现了半权函数法精度可靠、计算简便的特点. 相似文献
125.
Ring-shaped lead zirconate titanate (PZT) piezoelectric vibrators were subjected to non-uniform mechanical stress applied by bolt clamping. The effect of mechanical stress on the effective electromechanical coupling factor (keff) and mechanical quality factor (Qm) of the thickness and wall thickness modes was studied by an equivalent electric circuit analysis. The initiation and propagation of cracks under mechanical stress were also discussed based on the resonance method and the indentation technique. keff for both the thickness and wall thickness modes decreased with increase in mechanical stress due to de-poling of the PZT. Qm of the thickness mode dropped sharply with increase in mechanical stress while Qm of the wall thickness mode remained almost unchange. Existence of microcracks in a PZT vibrator can be detected by the occurrence of spurious vibrations at the wall thickness mode in the electrical impedance vs. frequency spectra. 相似文献
126.
魏立平 《数学的实践与认识》2004,34(4):1-4
综合运用国内外多种测量量表对大学生的心理素质进行诊断与测试 ,并应用多元统计分析方法对其心理素质结构主因素进行定量分析 ,在此基础上建立了心理素质诊断模型 ,并运用该模型对实际问题进行了分析 . 相似文献
127.
A simple method to determine the thermal focal length of LD end-pumped solid-state laser with stable resonator is presented. The M2 factor describing the quality of the beam can be obtained by scanning a slit through the multi-mode Gaussian beam field. The waist width of the beam and the corresponding TEM00 under the same parameters of laser are then deduced through the law of multi-mode Gaussian beam propagation. Based on the standard matrix theory of stable resonator, the thermal focal length of the gain medium can be easily achieved. To show the application of this approach, the thermal focal length of an LD pumped Nd:YVO4 laser is measured and the experimental results are in agreement with the theoretical prediction. 相似文献
128.
129.
简要介绍杨振宁的一项重要学术贡献。一般物理学界人士都熟悉杨振宁在现代物理学中的三项伟大贡献:(1)非阿贝尔规范场理论;(2)杨-Baxter方程;(3)弱互作用宇称不守恒。文章介绍的是在这三大贡献之外的一项较少为人知的重要贡献:量子不可积相位因子和规范场的积分表示。 相似文献
130.
运用因子分析法综合评价广东烟草工业经济效益 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
林海明 《数学的实践与认识》2005,35(6):41-44
正确运用因子分析与SPSS统计软件,对广东省内7所卷烟工业企业的经济效益进行定量定性综合评价.其结论有一定的参考价值. 相似文献