高层双塔楼绕流风场效应的数值预测

在一高层双塔楼静力风载风洞试验的基础上,采用时均数值模拟的方法,对其绕流风场进行了模拟,获得了风场的绕流特点和塔楼表面风压的分布规律．通过风压的模拟计算值与试验值的比较,表明以数值方法预测气动干扰强烈的绕流风场是准确和可行的．     

Application of a reflection-free DSM to turbulent flow and heat transfer in a square-sectioned U-bend

The paper reports the outcome of applying two differential second-moment (DSM) closures to resolve the complex three-dimensional motion that arises in turbulent flow in a square-sectioned duct passing around a 180°C bend. The initial results showed (in accord with a number of recent studies) that, with the same underlying closure hypotheses, a DSM scheme produces better agreement with experiment than does the corresponding algebraic second-moment (ASM) treatment, although the differences were acceptably small. Thereafter, applications are reported for a new type of DSM that employs no wall-reflection terms. This leads to markedly better predictions of the turbulence field and thus of the wall heat transfer than the conventionally adopted version.     

Iterative methods for stabilized discrete convection-diffusion problems

In this paper we study the computational cost of solving theconvection-diffusion equation using various discretization strategiesand iteration solution algorithms. The choice of discretizationinfluences the properties of the discrete solution and alsothe choice of solution algorithm. The discretizations consideredhere are stabilized low-order finite element schemes using streamlinediffusion, crosswind diffusion and shock-capturing. The latter,shock-capturing discretizations lead to nonlinear algebraicsystems and require nonlinear algorithms. We compare variouspreconditioned Krylov subspace methods including Newton-Krylovmethods for nonlinear problems, as well as several preconditionersbased on relaxation and incomplete factorization. We find thatalthough enhanced stabilization based on shock-capturing requiresfewer degrees of freedom than linear stabilizations to achievecomparable accuracy, the nonlinear algebraic systems are morecostly to solve than those derived from a judicious combinationof streamline diffusion and crosswind diffusion. Solution algorithmsbased on GMRES with incomplete block-matrix factorization preconditioningare robust and efficient.     

对流扩散问题Crank-Nicolson差分-流线扩散法的高精度分析

讨论了对流扩散问题C rank-N ico lson差分流线扩散格式,利用插值后处理技术提高了特殊网格下该格式在双线性元空间解的精度,从而按Lα(L2(Ω))模达到最优.     

Total Strain of Newtonian Fluids in a Vane Extruder

The vane extruder, which makes a polymer suffer elongation stress much larger than shearing stress, is an innovational equipment in polymer processing. A physical model and a mathematical model are established to analyze the mixing characteristics in polymer processing, namely, the two important functions of residence time distribution and strain distribution function are obtained. It is shown that the direction of total strain gradient is consistent with the orientation of the material flow. The results show that the vane extruder has an advantage over traditional screw extruders due to it being based on elongational rheology.     

Experimental study of vortex–structure interaction noise radiated from rod–airfoil configurations

Vortex–structure interaction noise radiated from an airfoil embedded in the wake of a rod is investigated experimentally in an anechoic wind tunnel by means of a phased microphone array for acoustic tests and particle image velocimetry (PIV) for the flow field measurements. The rod–airfoil configuration is varied by changing the rod diameter (D), adjusting the cross-stream position (Y) of the rod and the streamwise gap (L) between the rod and the airfoil leading edge. Two noise control concepts, including “air blowing” on the upstream rod and a soft-vane leading edge on the airfoil, are applied to control the vortex–structure interaction noise. The motivation behind this study is to investigate the effects of the three parameters on the characteristics of the radiated noise and then explore the influences of the noise control concepts. Both the vortex–structure interaction noise and the rod vortex shedding tonal noise are analysed. The acoustic test results show that both the position and magnitude of the dominant noise source of the rod–airfoil model are highly dependent on the parameters considered. In the case where the vortex–structure interaction noise is dominant, the application of the air blowing and the soft vane can effectively attenuate the interaction noise. Flow field measurements suggest that the intensity of the vortex–structure interaction and the flow impingement on the airfoil leading edge are suppressed by the control methods, giving a reduction in noise.     

Mechanical,thermal and rheological properties and morphology of poly (lactic acid)/poly (propylene carbonate) blends prepared by vane extruder

In this study, the poly (lactic acid) (PLA) and poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) blends with different compositions were prepared by a novel vane extruder based on elongation rheology. The mechanical properties, morphologies, crystallization behavior, thermal stability, and rheological properties of the blends were investigated. Mechanical test showed that PLA could be toughened by PPC to some extent, and the impact strength of the PLA was maximized when PPC content was about 30%. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis revealed that PPC had little effect on the melting process, the crystallization behavior of PLA component in the blend was improved, and the cold crystallizability of PLA decreased with the increase of PPC content when the PPC content was less than 50%. Thermogravimetry analysis showed that the thermal stability of the blends was improved by compounding with PLA. Scanning electron microscope showed that the dispersion of PLA droplets in PPC matrix was better than that of PPC droplets in PLA matrix. Rheological test showed that the melt viscosity of the pure PLA and the blend with 10% PPC was insensitive to shear rate, and the blends melt appeared shear thinning phenomenon with the increase of PPC content. It also showed that the blends microstructure changed with the addition of PPC and the blends with PPC content in a certain range had similar stress relaxation mechanism. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

STREAMLINE-BASED MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR CO2 MISCIBLE FLOODING

IntroductionMisciblefloodingisadriveprocessbymixinginjectionfluid (solvent)andoil.Itsmainmechanismistodecreasetheresidualoilsaturationbyeliminatinginterfacialtensionbetweenphases.GasdrivehasanincreasingpercentageofEORprojectsinU .S .A .,Canadaandsomeothercountriesyearsbyyears.From 1960’s ,carbondioxideinjectionhasbeingstudiedinDaqingoilfieldofChina ,buttheprocessisslowforlackinggasresource .Inrecentyears,withtheinconsistentinreserve_productionequilibriumbecomingmoreseriousandthediscoveryo…     

线性对流占优扩散问题的交替方向差分流线扩散法

本文将交替方向法与差分流线扩散法(简称FDSD方法)相结合,对于二维线性对流占优扩散问题构造了一种交替方向差分流线扩散格式,给出了格式的实现过程并就稳定性及误差进行了分析．此格式不但实现了对数值求解二维对流扩散方程降维的目的,并且保持了FDSD方法良好的稳定性及高精度阶的基本性质．最后给出数值算例说明算法的有效性．     

透平叶栅模化时粗糙度和雷诺数对性能的影响及修正方法

基于平板边界层理论和对流换热的雷诺比拟关系,通过粗糙度和雷诺数对表面摩擦因子f的影响规律,建立了透平叶栅模化实验的叶型损失系数ω和表面平均换热系数(h)与f之间的修正关联式.对比模化叶型与实验叶型的数值分析结果,在选定参数范围内,ω和(h)与f之间呈现良好的相关性,采用近似线性关系修正实验模型的叶型损失和平均表面换热系...