A note on the calculation of strain histories in orthogonal streamline coordinate systems

An extension of a previous work concerning the calculation of strain histories along streamlines is made to get more complete and useful expressions of Finger's strain tensor in a cylindrical (or Cartesian) coordinate system as well as in an orthogonal streamline coordinate system. One of the results shows that Winter's tracking model is correct.Relations among the recent three results of Winter, Adachi and Crochet et al. are presented clearly. Moreover useful applications of Frenet-Serret's formula to the study of the deformation and flow kinematics along streamlines are shown in comparison with the ordinary tensor approach.     

An adaptive wavelet space‐time SUPG method for hyperbolic conservation laws

This article concerns with incorporating wavelet bases into existing streamline upwind Petrov‐Galerkin (SUPG) methods for the numerical solution of nonlinear hyperbolic conservation laws which are known to develop shock solutions. Here, we utilize an SUPG formulation using continuous Galerkin in space and discontinuous Galerkin in time. The main motivation for such a combination is that these methods have good stability properties thanks to adding diffusion in the direction of streamlines. But they are more expensive than explicit semidiscrete methods as they have to use space‐time formulations. Using wavelet bases we maintain the stability properties of SUPG methods while we reduce the cost of these methods significantly through natural adaptivity of wavelet expansions. In addition, wavelet bases have a hierarchical structure. We use this property to numerically investigate the hierarchical addition of an artificial diffusion for further stabilization in spirit of spectral diffusion. Furthermore, we add the hierarchical diffusion only in the vicinity of discontinuities using the feature of wavelet bases in detection of location of discontinuities. Also, we again use the last feature of the wavelet bases to perform a postprocessing using a denosing technique based on a minimization formulation to reduce Gibbs oscillations near discontinuities while keeping other regions intact. Finally, we show the performance of the proposed combination through some numerical examples including Burgers’, transport, and wave equations as well as systems of shallow water equations.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 33: 2062–2089, 2017     

二维定常爆轰波的C-J条件与流线形状

本文在W-K模型的基础上,采用自然坐标系,导出了二维定常爆轰波的声速面条件,即二维C-J条件。经典的一维C-J条件和准一维C-J条件是它的两个特例。声速面条件又可作为判定流线形状正确与否的必要条件。通过分析讨论,认为在二维定常爆轰波的有效反应区中,流线应呈先向内,后向外偏转的波纹型形。在确定声速面形状的同时,有效反应区的流场分布也随之确定。     

Correlation of swirl number for a radial-type swirl generator

An experimental investigation was undertaken to derive a new correlation for the swirl number of a radial-type swirl generator under various Reynolds numbers and various vane angle conditions. A radial-type swirl generator with 16 rotary guide vanes was used to generate an annular swirling jet flow. The Reynolds numbers ranged from 60 to 6000, and the vane angles from 0° to 56°. Quantitative measurements for the velocities were made by using an optical method of laser-Doppler anemometry (LDA). Three-component velocity profiles of axial, radial, and azimuthal components at the swirling jet exit were measured for various flow conditions. A flow visualization method using smoke-wire and still photography was also applied to observe the flow patterns of the recirculation region behind the circular bluff body. Under low Reynolds number conditions, the swirl strength was found to be strongly dependent on the Reynolds number as well as on the guide vane angle. Based on the experimental results, a modified swirl number S is derived to characterize the swirling flow, which is useful for the design of a swirl generator.     

不可压N-S方程的差分流线扩散法

In this paper, a Finite-Difference Streamline-Diffusion (FDSD as short) scheme for the incompressible Navier-Stokes Equations is constructed with linear finite element spaces. The analysis showes that the scheme considered has good stability and higher accuracy than the standard finite elemnet method.     

一种新型挡光环的设计

传统形式的挡光环是将挡光环与遮光罩内壁垂直设置,文中设计的新型挡光环是将挡光环与遮光罩内壁倾斜设置,使入射杂光的反射光线和一部分散射光线在挡光环与遮光罩内壁所夹的空间内多次衰减无法出射,剩余的散射光线也大多逆向光学系统传播,大大消弱了到达探测器的杂散光。新型挡光环的倾角α要始终保持αβ(β为入射杂光与遮光罩内壁的夹角)的分布,才能避免一些照射到挡光环表面上的杂散光直接散射进入光学系统。文中以探测微弱星体的卡塞格林空间相机为例,在外遮光罩内部分别设置2种构型的挡光环,用T racepro软件进行建模与仿真,结果表明:采用新型挡光环的空间相机与采用传统型挡光环的空间相机相比,其探测的星等提高了4个等级。     

LES of spatially developing turbulent boundary layer over a concave surface

We revisit the problem of a spatially developing turbulent boundary layer over a concave surface. Unlike previous investigations, we simulate the combined effects of streamline curvature as well as curvature-induced pressure gradients on the turbulence. Our focus is on investigating the response of the turbulent boundary layer to the sudden onset of curvature and the destabilising influence of concave surface in the presence of pressure gradients. This is of interest for evaluating the turbulence closure models. At the beginning of the curve, the momentum thickness Reynolds number is 1520 and the ratio of the boundary layer thickness to the radius of curvature is δ₀/R = 0.055. The radial profiles of the mean velocity and turbulence statistics at different locations along the concave surface are presented. Our recently proposed curvature-corrected Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) model is assessed in an a posteriori sense and the improvements obtained over the base model are reported. From the large Eddy simulation (LES) results, it was found that the maximum influence of concave curvature is on the wall-normal component of the Reynolds stress. The budgets of wall-normal Reynolds stress also confirmed this observation. At the onset of curvature, the effect of adverse pressure gradient is found to be predominant. This decreases the skin friction levels below that in the flat section.     

星载遥感器的挡光环优化设计与分析

空间光学系统的工作环境非常恶劣, 特别是在卫星本地时间的白天。太空中的太阳光、地气光以及各种热辐射构成了严重的背景噪声, 威胁着空间光学系统的成像质量, 甚至导致空间光学系统因无法成像而失去探测能力。挡光环的出现大大改善了背景噪声带来的不良影响, 可以直接阻挡视场外杂光, 从而影响着系统的杂光抑制能力。然而, 由于挡光环的尺寸较小, 当光线入射到挡光环的边缘时就会产生严重的衍射效应, 这种衍射效应对改善表面材料的散射特性起了反作用。因此, 怎样设计结构合理的挡光环成为了遮光罩设计中的重要环节。本文将机械设计中的聚焦组合创新方法应用到空间光学系统的挡光环优化设计中, 提出了新型结构的挡光环。通过与已有挡光环的结构形式做比较, 经计算机仿真, 验证了该新型结构挡光环的抑制杂散光的优越性, 为我国星载遥感器的挡光环设计提供一种新的方法。     

用自适应流线网格计算定常超声速流场

提出一个用自适应流线网格计算定常超声速流场的数值方法。Friedrichs-Lax格式推广到任意四边形网格,在迭代过程中得到速度场后,从流线方程计算流线的位置,最后算出由本方法得到高分辨率结果