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51.
温度对贮氢合金MlNi3.75Co0.65Mn0.4Al0.2动力学性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在-20℃~85℃的范围内系统地研究了温度对贮氢合金MINi3.75Co0.65Mn0.4Al0.2动力学性能的影响.结果表明:该贮氢合金电极的电化学反应电阻Rt,欧姆内阻Ro,阴极极化过电位,阳极极化过电位,阳极极化过程中的电化学反应过电位ηa和浓差极化过电位ηa均随温度的升高而减小,该电极的交换电流密度i0,对称因子β和电极中氢的扩散系数D随温度的升高而增大.当放电电流密度较低时,电化学反应是整个电极过程的速度控制步骤;当放电电流密度较高时,氢的扩散是整个电极过程的速度控制步骤;在中等放电电流密度下,电极过程由电化学过程和氢的扩散过程混合控制.该电极中电化学反应过程和氢扩散过程的活化能分别为28.1 kJ·mol-1和19.9 kJ·mol-1. 相似文献
52.
53.
Nonisothermal kinetics of the solid‐solid phase transition in (n‐C10H21NH3)2ZnCl4(C10Zn), (n‐C16H33NH3)2ZnCl4(C16Zn) and their binary system were determined by Kissinger and Ozawa methods from DSC measurements. The activation energy Ea of the binary system shows a waving dependence on WC10Zn%, which is caused by not only an intermediate (C10H21NH3)(n‐C16H33NH3)ZnCl4 but also three solid solution ranges (α, β, γ) in the phase diagram of C10Zn‐C16Zn. The variations of the layer d‐spacing are also convenient for the above result. 相似文献
54.
55.
N,N-二甲基甲酰胺中电沉积制备镁镍储氢合金 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用恒电位沉积法, 选用适宜的添加剂和络合剂, 成功地从N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中沉积出致密的黑色Mg-Ni储氢合金膜. 并初步探讨了其共沉积机理. XRD显示沉积层中含有非晶态Mg-Ni相和微晶态Mg相. SEM图及相应能谱图分析表明合金颗粒以团聚状态存在, 合金成分不是很均匀. AAS分析表明沉积合金中Mg的原子摩尔分数达27.3%. LAND电池测试系统测得所镀合金膜的放电比容量最高为172.4 mAh/g. 相似文献
56.
Osaka T 《Chemical record (New York, N.Y.)》2004,4(6):346-362
This overview describes the results of our recent study of the application of electrochemical nanotechnology to the fabrication of magnetic recording materials, interconnects in ultra-large-scale integrated (ULSI) devices, energy storage materials, and on-chip biosensors. It is important to note that electrochemical processes play significant roles in developing and fabrication such sophisticated materials and devices. In the field of magnetic recording, electrodeposition methods for preparing CoNiFe and CoFe soft magnetic thin films with a high saturation magnetic flux density were newly developed, and the significant issues for obtaining those films are highlighted. In the area of ULSI interconnects, we developed a technique using a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) for direct bonding of the interconnect layer to SiO2, and proposed a novel electroless deposition method for fabricating a diffusion barrier layer. In the field of batteries, electrodeposited SnNi alloy was proposed as a future anode material for Li batteries, and electrochemical MEMS processes were shown to be useful for fabricating micro-sized direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) as portable batteries for electronics applications. In the area of chemical sensors, we developed a new process for fabricating field effect transistors (FETs) modified with SAMs for on-chip biosensing applications. 相似文献
57.
Low concentrations of Pt and Pd in industrial (µgg–1 level) and environmental samples (ngg–1 level) together with the complexity of the matrix causing many interferences during the determination of noble metals often require elaboration and application of pre-concentration/matrix separation procedures before detection of the analyte. Different pre-concentration/matrix separation procedures applied prior to the determination of Pt and Pd by atomic spectrometric techniques are reviewed and critically compared taking into account potential interferences. The methods studied are divided into 5 groups including precipitation and coprecipitation, liquid–liquid extraction, solid phase extraction, electrochemical pre-concentration and biosorption. The main analytical problems occuring during sample preparation and storage are discussed. 相似文献
58.
The structural properties of the Mg0.65Sc0.35Dx deuterides have been investigated by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction at different deuterium content (0?x?2.2 D/f.u.). The metallic phase adopts a pseudo-CsCl structure (Pm-3m space group (SG); a=3.5921(2) Å) that transforms upon hydrogenation into a face centered cubic (FCC) phase involving an elongation of the c-axis, a shrinkage of the a-axis and a re-ordering of the metallic atoms. The fully hydrided compound (2.2 D/f.u.) adopts a cubic structure (Fm-3m SG; a=4.8087(7) Å) and deuterium is located in fully occupied tetrahedral sites and partially filled (24%) octahedral sites. Upon desorption, a two-phase domain appears with coexistence of a hydrogen-rich (1.55 D/f.u.) and a hydrogen-poor (0.85 D/f.u.) phase (Fm-3m SG; a=4.7598(3) and 4.6936(3) Å, respectively). All deuterium atoms are located in the tetrahedral sites with different occupancy factors: 77% for the H-rich phase and 43% for the H-poor phase. The appearance of a plateau in the pressure-composition-isotherm curve measured at 573 K confirms this two-phase behavior. The structural properties of the Mg0.65Sc0.35Dx system are discussed and compared with other body centered cubic (BCC) alloys adopting the same structure. 相似文献
59.
研究了低于300 ℃时两种氧化铈对稀燃阶段NOx存储性能的影响,催化剂由2%(w)Pt/Al2O3(PA)与CeO2-X(X=S,I)机械混合制备. X射线衍射(XRD),BET表面积和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)用于表征材料的物理结构. X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和H2程序升温还原(H2-TPR)用于表面Ce3+和活性氧定量. 原位漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(in-situ DRIFTS)用于分析表面NOx吸附物种. 相比于CeO2-I,CeO2-S 具有优良的物理化学性能,包括高比表面积、丰富的空隙结构、较高的抗老化能力及表面Ce3+浓度. 因而,Pt/Al2O3+CeO2-S 表现出优异的NOx存储能力. 此外,PA+CeO2-X(X=S,I)上存在Pt 与CeO2之间的相互作用,可提高表面氧物种的活性进而促进NO氧化及NOx存储. PA+CeO2-S上的这种相互作用要强于PA+CeO2-I. 研究表明,表面Ce3+浓度和活性氧含量对NOx存储起到重要作用. 然而经过水热处理后,Pt 与老化的氧化铈(ACS,ACI)之间的相互作用降低,并且两种氧化铈NOx存储性能显著下降. 另外,与PA+ACS(ACI)相比,PA+PACS(PACI)样品NOx存储能力得到改善,这归因于表面氧物种活性增加能促进硝酸盐的形成. 相似文献
60.
C. Ferrero M. N. Martino N. E. Zaritzky 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1996,47(5):1247-1266
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to analyze the influence of different hydrocolloids (xanthan, guar, and locust bean gums, carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate) on the gelatinization of corn starch in systems with starch concentration ranging between 0.1 and 0.7 g starch/g mixture. The reduction of available water produced a shift in gelatinization temperature, especially of the conclusion temperature. The effect was more marked for ionic hydrocolloids. The influence of hydrocolloids on glass transition temperature (T
g) of gelatinized starch suspensions and on the glass transition temperature of the maximally freeze-concentrated solute/unfrozen water matrix (T
g) was also studied.T
g onset values ranged between –4.5 and –5.5C for corn starch pastes with and without hydrocolloids. Those hydrocolloids that increased the viscosity of the unfrozen matrix inhibited additional ice formation during thawing (devitrification).Starch concentration and final heating temperature were found to be relevant factors affecting the kinetics of amylopectin retrogradation during frozen storage at –4C. Xanthan gum failed to prevent amylopectin retrogradation; this observation could be attributed to the fact that gums act outside the starch granule, while amylopectin retrogradation takes place within the granule. 相似文献