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201.
202.
G.R. Sonnemann V.E. Semenov 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2000,11(3):481-489
Stable auto-solitary solutions were found on the basis of three-dimensional numerical simulations within the simplest model
under global constraint. The model involves a diffusion equation with a nonlinear source term containing both local and non-local
nonlinearity. The source term was chosen so as to describe qualitatively the most fundamental peculiarities of discharge physics,
namely local nonlinear increase in heating and ionization rate and non-local attenuation of electric field strength with plasma
density growth. The properties of the autosolitons created by the model have been investigated employing the different parameters
as control parameter. Therefore the results of calculations can be used to construct a process of plasma contraction in gas
discharge.
Received 26 July 1999 and Received in final form 5 February 2000 相似文献
203.
204.
Yihu Song Yi Pan Qiang Zheng Xiao‐Su Yi 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2000,38(13):1756-1763
The electric self‐heating behavior of graphite‐powder‐filled high‐density polyethylene is studied. Two equations are proposed to describe the electric‐field dependence of the self‐heating temperature and resistance dependence of the critical field. Based on Ohmic and non‐Ohmic approximations and the heat‐dissipation model, the self‐heating equations are also derived theoretically. The equations show that self‐heating is determined by the initial resistance and true positive temperature coefficient (PTC) effect under fields. Design and application principles for polymer PTC heaters are suggested on the basis of the experimental results and proposed equations. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 1756–1763, 2000 相似文献
205.
206.
A hybrid isothermal model for the homogeneous-heterogeneous reactions in ferrohydrodynamic boundary layer flow is established. The characteristics of Newtonian heating and magnetic dipole in a ferrofluid due to a stretchable surface is analyzed for three chemical species. It is presumed that the isothermal cubic autocatalator kinetic gives the homogeneous reaction and the first order kinetics gives the heterogeneous (surface) reaction. The analysis is carried out for equal diffusion coefficients of all autocatalyst and reactions. Heat flux is examined by incorporating Fourier's law of heat conduction. Characteristics of materialized parameters on the magneto-thermomechanical coupling in the flow of a chemically reactive species are investigated. Further, the heat transfer rate and friction drag are depicted for the ferrohydrodynamic chemically reactive species. It is evident that the Schmidt number has increasing behavior on the rate of heat transfer in the boundary layer. Comparison with available results for specific cases is found an excellent agreement. 相似文献
207.
A. MAHDY 《应用数学和力学(英文版)》2018,39(9):1327-1340
A numerical analysis is provided to scrutinize time-dependent magnetohydrodynamics(MHD) free and forced convection of an electrically conducting non-Newtonian Casson nanofluid flow in the forward stagnation point region of an impulsively rotating sphere with variable wall temperature. A single-phase flow of nanofluid model is reflected with a number of experimental formulae for both effective viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluid. Exceedingly nonlinear governing partial differential equations(PDEs)subject to their compatible boundary conditions are mutated into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs). The derived nonlinear system is solved numerically with implementation of an implicit finite difference procedure merging with a technique of quasi-linearization. The controlled parameter impacts are clarified by a parametric study of the entire flow regime. It is depicted that from all the exhibited nanoparticles,Cu possesses the best convection. The surface heat transfer and surface shear stresses in the x-and z-directions are boosted with maximizing the values of nanoparticle solid volume fraction ? and rotation λ. Besides, as both the surface temperature exponent n and the Casson parameter γ upgrade, an enhancement of the Nusselt number is given. 相似文献
208.
通过微波加热实现无溶剂制备N-苯基苯甲酰胺是典型的绿色酰胺化方法。这一方法采用廉价、环保的柱色谱硅胶为催化剂,催化性能好,效率高。使用苯甲酸和苯胺在120 ℃条件下10 min内完成酰化反应,产率大于90%,这一反应不仅原子经济,而且节约能源,因此,这一实验完全适合于大学实验教学中作为绿色有机实验推广使用。 相似文献
209.
以谷氨酸氟硼酸(GluBF4)离子液体水溶液为反应介质,以物质的量比为1:6的二水合醋酸锌[Zn(Ac)2·2H2O]和氢氧化钠为原料,室温下制备前驱体,再微波辅助加热制备了纳米氧化锌粉体,获得了纳米结构微米尺寸纳米ZnO绒球.利用场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、比表面(BET)、能量色散谱(EDS)等对产物进行了表征.所得产物为六方晶系纤锌矿结构,粉体粒径20.4 nm,绒球比表面积为28.3 m2·g-1,产物纯度较高,收率95.3%.同时探讨了纳米ZnO绒球生成的可能机理.该纳米材料在日光下显示较高的光催化活性和稳定性.分别配制浓度为10 mg·L-1的100 mL甲基橙(MO)和甲基紫(MV)水溶液, 30 mg纳米氧化锌为光催化降解催化剂,太阳光激发下5 h脱色率分别达到74.3%和96.9%;溶液总有机碳(TOC)含量随光降解的进行缓慢下降;光催化剂重复利用5次,催化剂形貌不变、颜色不变,质量基本未发生变化. 相似文献
210.
The tendency of today’s fuel injection systems to reach injection pressures up to 3000 bar in order to meet forthcoming emission regulations may significantly increase liquid temperatures due to friction heating; this paper identifies numerically the importance of fuel pressurization, phase-change due to cavitation, wall heat transfer and needle valve motion on the fluid heating induced in high pressure Diesel fuel injectors. These parameters affect the nozzle discharge coefficient (Cd), fuel exit temperature, cavitation volume fraction and temperature distribution within the nozzle. Variable fuel properties, being a function of the local pressure and temperature are found necessary in order to simulate accurately the effects of depressurization and heating induced by friction forces. Comparison of CFD predictions against a 0-D thermodynamic model, indicates that although the mean exit temperature increase relative to the initial fuel temperature is proportional to (1 − Cd2) at fixed needle positions, it can significantly deviate from this value when the motion of the needle valve, controlling the opening and closing of the injection process, is taken into consideration. Increasing the inlet pressure from 2000 bar, which is the pressure utilized in today’s fuel systems to 3000 bar, results to significantly increased fluid temperatures above the boiling point of the Diesel fuel components and therefore regions of potential heterogeneous fuel boiling are identified. 相似文献