Adaptive Stochastic Resonance-Based Processing of Weak Magnetic Slippage Signals of Bearings

Slip is one of the most common forms of failure in aviation bearings, and it can pose a great threat to the stable operation of aviation bearings. Bearing cage speed monitoring methods based on weak magnetic detection can achieve nondestructive measurements. However, the method suffers from solid signal background noise due to the high sensitivity of the sensor. Therefore, in this paper, an adaptive stochastic resonance algorithm was proposed in response to the characteristics of the weak magnetic detection signal and the problem of solid noise. In addition, by adaptively adjusting the coefficients of the stochastic resonance system—by an improved moth flame optimization algorithm—the drawback in which the stochastic resonance method required artificially set parameters for extracting the feature frequencies of the weak magnetic signals was solved. In this process, we used parameters, such as general refined composite multi-scale sample entropy, as the adaptation function of the optimization algorithm. In the end, simulation and experimental outcomes verified the efficacy of the approach put forward.     

信号系统与信号处理实验课件开发

"信号系统与信号处理"是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程,其中,实验是这门课程中不可缺少的一部分。本次毕业设计就是针对这一点设计的,我们利用Author-ware开发了多媒体演示课件,和利用MATLAB完成了实验内容的仿真程序。在教学过程中可以充分调动学生的积极性,使以往的黑板加板书的教学形式得以改进。     

模拟光纤传输模块的原理与设计

光纤与同轴电缆相比,具有抗干扰能力强、传输损耗小、质量轻等优点。采用高线性激光二极管直接调制的方法设计和研制了一种简单、实用和低成本的模拟信号光纤传输模块。测试结果表明,模块的3dB带宽为DC～3MHz,0～5V范围内模块的非线性误差最大为1．2％,可以用于复杂电磁环境中模拟信号的无干扰传输。     

通过相移条纹图差分测定相移量的方法

提出一种通过两幅相移条纹图相减来确定它们之间相移量的方法,进行了理论分析和实验验证。两幅相移条纹图相减并归一化后,得到的相移差分函数是振幅只与相移量有关的正弦函数,可以通过确定该函数最大极值的方法得到振幅,进而计算出相移量。介绍了极值直接查找法和平均法两种实现最大极值测量的方法。由于不使用傅里叶变换,减少了运算时间,既可以用于高空间频率条纹,也可以用于稀疏平行条纹,以及任意花样的条纹。在衬比度因子确定后,用这种方法就能够直接在空域内确定两幅条纹图之间的相移量,通过大量采样点进行统计计算,使结果达到很高的精度。将所得到的结果与用傅里叶变换方法得到的结果进行了比较,表明两种方法得到的结果具有完全相同的精度。     

船舶尾流散射光信号及一维离散小波分析

用自行设计的测试系统测量了不同航速下船舶尾流的散射光信号,并选用一维离散小波Dmeyer小波对散射光信号进行了5层小波分析.测量和分析结果表明,随着航速增大,船舶尾流散射光照度减小,尾流气泡幕逐渐增强,气泡幕中气泡密度、气泡运动规律、不同直径气泡分布均随之变化.气泡幕的增强可能存在饱和度,在航速增大到一定值时,气泡幕会达到一稳定的密度分布.从小波分析得到的第五层逼近信号来看,不同航速下主峰位置、主峰个数以及峰值差均不同,不同航速下散射光细节信号的第一层均具有一定周期性,航速10 km/h时表现出完美的周期性,出现类似于同方向不同频率简谐振动叠加而出现“拍”的现象.     

“Molecular Activity Painting”: Switch-like,Light-Controlled Perturbations inside Living Cells

Acute subcellular protein targeting is a powerful tool to study biological networks. However, signaling at the plasma membrane is highly dynamic, making it difficult to study in space and time. In particular, sustained local control of molecular function is challenging owing to the lateral diffusion of plasma membrane targeted molecules. Herein we present “molecular activity painting” (MAP), a novel technology which combines photoactivatable chemically induced dimerization (pCID) with immobilized artificial receptors. The immobilization of artificial receptors by surface-immobilized antibodies blocks lateral diffusion, enabling rapid and stable “painting” of signaling molecules and their activity at the plasma membrane with micrometer precision. Using this method, we show that painting of the RhoA-myosin activator GEF-H1 induces patterned acto-myosin contraction inside living cells.     

基于TDLAS检测西林瓶内氧气浓度的多光束干涉抑制方法

应用可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱(TDLAS)技术开放单光路短光程检测西林瓶内氧气浓度，因玻璃瓶壁造成入射光多次反射和透射，形成多光束干涉，严重影响信号波形和检测精度。本文提出了一种改变激光入射角度来抑制瓶壁光学干扰的方法，理论分析了入射角度对透射光强分布的影响，详细推导了使两相干光束叠加部分在接收端探测范围之外的入射角度计算公式，并根据现场参数得到理论最佳入射角度。对氧气浓度1%的样瓶进行多次测量，将二次谐波信号峰值的平均值作为信号，峰值的标准差作为噪声，以信噪比(signal to noise radio, SNR)最大作为系统入射角角度的优化指标，实验获得系统的实际最佳入射角度。与决定系数较高的入射角度进行浓度预测对比，交互验证后的最小二乘拟合结果显示：相关系数分别为0.995 9和0.988 9，前者相比后者提高了0.7%，预测的均方根误差(root mean square errors of prediction, RMSEP)分别是0.003 1和0.005 3，前者相比后者降低了41.5%，说明本文方法所确定的最佳入射角，能有效抑制玻璃瓶壁引起的多光束干涉影响，改善系统检测精度。     

ARINC659总线桥接的设计及对总线同步的影响分析

ARINC659总线因其在时间和空间上均提供了完备的故障冗余和操作健壮性,已经逐渐在对数据通信确定性及故障沉默和屏蔽要求较高的航天领域中展开应用。为了使ARINC659总线能够更好的适应航天器综合电子系统的高度冗余容及分布式控制的需求,对一种能够在不同设备中ARINC659总线之间相互桥接的技术进行了研究,进而实现分布式综合电子系统中所有硬件模块的统一时序规划和通信调度,可以显著提升系统中的资源共享、并行处理、故障冗余及分布式控制能力,同时也为关键系统中不同设备中的硬件模块间实现严格的时序关系操作提供了一种解决方案。最后就桥接对ARINC659总线同步机制的影响进行了分析,据此提出了桥接设计的约束和实现规则。     

A new synthetic detection technique for trackside acoustic identification of railroad roller bearing defects

The detection of railroad roller bearing defects is of great importance for railway traffic. The acoustic defective bearing detector (ADBD) via a trackside acoustic detection system (TADS) is a popular and reliable tool for trackside identification of railroad bearing incipient defects. However, the defective trackside acoustic signal of bearing is confronted with three challenges: demodulation of acoustic signal, removal of Doppler effect and enhancement of defect frequency. This paper proposes a synthetic detection technique to overcome these difficulties successively. In the technique, the signal envelope is first extracted by a new variable-resolution ridge demodulation (VRRD) method. Then the Doppler effect is removed in the envelope via a dynamic signal resampling method. Finally, the rectified defect frequency is enhanced through the means of logarithmic transformation and piecewise linear detrending. The VRRD technique extracts the envelope from the signal time–frequency distribution (TFD) along the Doppler shift curve of resonance frequency traced by an improved ridge extraction algorithm. The resampling method is carried out on the envelope according to the Doppler shift curve of defect frequency obtained by the same ridge extraction algorithm. The sidebands around defect frequency can be suppressed by the logarithmic transformation and the low-frequency non-linear trend can be removed by the detrending method. The signal amplitude is unified at the same time. Two practical bearing signals with inner-race and outer-race defects separately verify the effectiveness of proposed technique.     

啁啾脉冲功率谱与脉冲信噪比

啁啾脉冲放大(CPA)技术的关键在于提高高功率短脉冲的信噪比。分析了典型的光纤-光栅展宽脉冲的理想压缩特性,考察由逆傅氏变换相联系的啁啾脉冲功率谱I(ω)与理想压缩脉冲I(t)关系式,提出通过谱整形等方法消除功率谱调制使之具有理想外形是获得高信噪比的基本方法。