相控阵雷达的关键技术与物理学的波动知识

应用波的相干原理分析了相控阵雷达的工作原理.以波的形成、波的发射和回波的接收等三个环节为主线,简要地介绍了由固态技术、光电子技术、计算机技术和信号处理技术所形成的相控阵雷达关键技术的背景、现状,并展望了相控阵雷达关键技术的未来.     

黏性介质中圆截面弹性细杆的平面振动

讨论圆截面弹性细杆在黏性介质中的平面振动. 基于Kirchhoff理论，以杆中心线的Frenet坐标系为参考系，建立其动力学方程，杆中心线为任意平面曲线时，其扭转振动与弯曲振动解耦. 讨论两端固定条件下任意形状杆的平面扭转振动，以及无扭转的轴向受压直杆和圆环杆的平面弯曲振动，导出其自由振动频率和阻尼系数. 证明空间域内压杆的Lyapunov稳定性和欧拉稳定性条件为时域内渐近稳定性的充分必要条件，或无阻尼压杆的稳定性必要条件. 圆环杆平衡恒满足渐近稳定性条件. 关键词： 弹性细杆 黏性介质 扭转振动 弯曲振动     

数码相机在研究阻尼振动中的应用

介绍一种采用数码相机来研究阻尼振动的特性参数及其运动规律的方法.     

Rotational vibration of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) chains by the electron spin resonance method

Temperature‐dependent electron spin resonance spectra of main‐chain free radicals, ? CF₂(β)? C · F(α)? CF₂(β)? , in poly(tetrafluoroethylene) (PTFE) were analyzed by the change in the hyperfine splitting due to β‐fluorines, which was a decreasing function of the observation temperature. The results were interpreted in terms of the rotational vibration around the C_α? C_β bond. The amplitude of the vibration was estimated on the assumption of its harmonic oscillation. The vibration of the PTFE chain was found to have a large amplitude in comparison with that of a polyethylene chain in single crystals. The vibration of the large amplitude was caused by a weak interchain interaction in the PTFE matrices. The amplitude of the vibration in crosslinked PTFE was much larger than that in noncrosslinked PTFE. This result indicated that the free radicals in crosslinked PTFE were trapped in the amorphous region, which had the disordered sites of crosslinking, whereas the free radicals in noncrosslinked PTFE were mainly trapped in the paracrystalline region. The decay reaction of the free radicals in the PTFE matrices was also related to the heterogeneity in the structure and the rotational vibration. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 42: 1539–1547, 2004     

Random Vibration of Strongly Nonlinear Systems

Procedures developed recently to extend the quasi-conservativeaveraging method to the case of non-white broad-band excitations arefurther extended and presented in a unified framework. The excitationscan be stationary or nonstationary with known evolutionary spectra, andthey can be additive, or multiplicative, or both. Relative merits ofthese procedures are compared, and their accuracies are substantiated byMonte Carlo simulations.     

振动对星间相干激光通信的影响

针对星间相干激光通信中卫星平台的振动造成发射天线和接收天线的瞄准角误差，使系统信号信噪比下降，误码率 (BER)增加，该文以瑞利分布作为振动造成的瞄准角误差模型，结合高斯本振光和艾里信号光外差检测模型，以PSK零差通信体制为例分析卫星振动对系统的瞬时误码率和平均误码率的影响，给出误码率仿真计算结果。指出接收天线瞄准角误差对星间光通信质量影响很大，在瞄准角误差的标准偏差σ小于1μrad范围内，系统误码率小于10^-6。     

移相干涉仪的抗振技术研究进展

在对光学元件面形进行检测和光学系统成像质量的评价中,移相干涉测量技术有着广泛地应用。但是,光学干涉仪的测量精度对环境的要求非常苛刻,环境的振动和空气的扰动会对测量结果产生很大影响。提高移相干涉仪的抗振性很有必要,受到广泛重视。国际上移相干涉仪的抗振技术主要包括主动抗振和被动抗振两方面,两种技术具有各自特点。     

Functional Analysis of Voice Using Simultaneous High-Speed Imaging and Acoustic Recordings

We present a comprehensive, functional analysis of clinical voice data derived from both high-speed digital imaging (HSDI) of the larynx and simultaneously acquired acoustic recordings. The goals of this study are to: (1) correlate dynamic characteristics of the vocal folds derived from direct laryngeal imaging with indirectly acquired acoustic measurements; (2) define the advantages of using a combined imaging/acoustic approach for the analysis of voice condition; and (3) identify new quantitative measures to evaluate the regularity of the vocal fold vibration and the complexity of the vocal output -- these measures will be key to successful diagnosis of vocal abnormalities. Image- and acoustic-based analyses are performed using an analytic phase plot approach previously introduced by our group (referred to as 'Nyquist' plot). Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) spectral analyses are performed on the same data for a comparison. Clinical HSDI and acoustic recordings from subjects having normal and specific voice pathologies, including muscular tension dysphonia (MTD) and recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) were analyzed using the Nyquist plot approach. The results of these analyses show that a combined imaging/acoustic analysis approach provides better characterization of the vibratory behavior of the vocal folds as it correlates with vocal output and pathology.     

用钕铁硼制作阻尼振动、受迫振动及共振演示仪

利用稀土永磁性材料钕铁硼(Nd-Fe-B)设计制作出了新型阻尼振动、受迫振动及共振演示仪.该演示仪器可演示阻尼振动的3种状态(欠阻尼状态、临界阻尼状态、过阻尼状态)、受迫振动及共振现象.     

Performance of ultra-low frequency passive vertical vibration isolation system with reverse pendulum

A novel long period passive vertical vibration isolator constructed by mounting reverse pendulums on two pairs of torsion springs is presented. By theoretical analysis and numerical calculation, it is shown that the isolator can achieve much longer resonant period due to gravitational positive feedback and is smaller in size than the current torsion spring isolators with the same geometric parameters. Project supported by the Post-doctoral Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.