感应耦合等离子体刻蚀在聚合物光波导制作中的应用

提出了利用感应耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀技术提高聚合物光波导器件性能的方法,介绍了ICP刻蚀技术的原理和优点。选取聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯-甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯(P(MMA-GMA))作为波导材料,采用氧气作为刻蚀气体,研究了ICP参数变化对刻蚀效果的影响。介绍了倒脊形光波导的制备过程,采用改变单一工艺参数的方法,分析了刻蚀效果随时间、功率、压强、气体流量等参数的变化,对参数优化后刻蚀得到的凹槽和平板结构进行了表征。实验结果表明:在天线射频功率为300 W,偏置射频功率为30 W,气体压强为0.5 Pa,氧气流速为50 cm³/min的条件下,可获得侧壁陡直、底面平整的P(MMA-GMA)凹槽结构。     

侧链型聚合物DANS-PMMA脊形条波导的制备

有机聚合物的紫外漂白,经过一系列复杂的光化学反应,会使聚合物薄膜的折射率和厚度降低。在此基础上,利用金属掩模对聚合物薄膜进行选择性紫外漂白,制备出了聚合物脊形条波导。紫外漂白不需要对聚合物薄膜进行光刻和腐蚀便可获得边缘和表面比较整齐和光滑的脊形条波导,对减少波导的散射损耗十分有利。本文介绍了利用紫外漂白和金属掩模方法制备侧链型聚合物DANS（4－dimethylamino-4’nitro-stlibene)-PMMA(polymethyl methacrylate)脊形条波导的工艺过程,并对关键工艺进行了讨论。     

固定设计下计算机模型L2校准的渐近性质

计算机仿真模型广泛应用于工业工程等领域,借助真实的物理观测对计算机模型的校准参数进行估计,可以提高计算机模型的仿真精度.已有文献指出,当物理试验的试验点独立同分布于均匀分布时,计算机模型校准参数的L2估计半参数有效.然而真实的物理试验点往往不满足独立同分布于均匀分布这一条件,文章证明了在固定的试验点下,较准参数L2估计的相合性和渐近正态性,并通过数值模拟验证了L2估计的收敛速度.     

梯形截面硅脊形波导的模式特性及其等离子体色散效应

本文运用有效折射率法和WKB法对具有梯形状截面的硅脊形波导的模式特性作了分析,导出了TE模和TM模的模方程以及截止方程,并运用一阶微扰法对因波导顶部注入载流子而引起的模式调制的大小作了数值估计。其结果可为全硅光波导器件的研制提供指导。     

Multiphase Thermohaline Convection in the Earth’s Crust: II. Benchmarking and Application of a Finite Element – Finite Volume Solution Technique with a NaCl–H2O Equation of State

We present the benchmarking of a new finite element – finite volume (FEFV) solution technique capable of modeling transient multiphase thermohaline convection for geological realistic p-T-X conditions. The algorithm embeds a new and accurate equation of state for the NaCl–H₂O system. Benchmarks are carried out to compare the numerical results for the various component-processes of multiphase thermohaline convection. They include simulations of (i) convection driven by temperature and/or concentration gradients in a single-phase fluid (i.e., the Elder problem, thermal convection at different Rayleigh numbers, and a free thermohaline convection example), (ii) multiphase flow (i.e., the Buckley–Leverett problem), and (iii) energy transport in a pure H₂O fluid at liquid, vapor, supercritical, and two-phase conditions (i.e., comparison to the U.S. Geological Survey Code HYDROTHERM). The results produced with the new FEFV technique are in good agreement with the reference solutions. We further present the application of the FEFV technique to the simulation of thermohaline convection of a 400°C hot and 10 wt.% saline fluid rising from 4 km depth. During the buoyant rise, the fluid boils and separates into a high-density, high-salinity liquid phase and a low-density, low-salinity vapor phase.     

灰色系统模型的优化岭回归算法

文献[1]指出了目前用普通最小二乘法估计灰微分方程参数的方法由于方程组的病态问题很难求解得合理的参数;文献[2]指出了根据初值求解灰色系统模型的时间响应式的方法由于初值的误差使所求得时间响应式产生系统误差.为了克服灰色模型的上述两个缺点,本文设计了一种求解灰色系统模型的优化岭回归算法,计算一个广泛引用的算例演示了这种算法的优越性.     

方差分量模型参数的广义岭估计

本文先将方差分量模型的方差分量化为派生模型的均值参数，分别作出其相对于ＬＳＥ和ＢＬＵＥ的广义岭估计，再根据二步估计法作出原模型均值参数的广义二乘估计及其进行一步的岭估计。证明了这样不仅使方差分量估计的均方误差减少，而且使原模型均值参数估计的均方误差也不均加和地一步减少。本文还找到了岭参数仅仅依据于样本的估计，这样既将岭估计方法推进至方差分量模型，也改进了方差分量模型参数的离差均值对应方法。     

岭回归中确定K值方法的推广

给出了一种新的逐步改进岭参数 k的方法 .这种方法能够通过调整岭参数来进一步减少岭估计的均方误差 ,并改进了 Hoerl和 Kennard的结果 .     

Linear Discrimination with Adaptive Ridge Classification Rules

This article considers the use of adaptive ridge classification rules for classifying an observation as coming from one of two multivariate normal distributionsN(μ⁽¹⁾, Σ) andN(μ⁽²⁾, Σ). In particular, the asymptotic expected error rates for a general class of these rules are obtained and are compared with that of the usual linear discriminant rule.     

Extracting robust and physically meaningful pitzer parameters for thermodynamic properties of electrolytes from experimental data. Ridge regression as an aid to the problem of intercorrelation

The Pitzer interaction model for thermodynamic properties of electrolytes is reevaluated in view of available regression techniques for the statistical inference of Pitzer parameters from experimental data. It is concluded that ordinary least squares regression is not generally suited, because of the intrinsic correlations among the various predictor variables in the Pitzer model. The predictor variables all are some function of the concentration of the electrolyte considered. Ridge regression, a mathematically only slightly different procedure designed to overcome the problem of intercorrelations, often yields more robust estimates for the Pitzer parameters. The potential of RR is demonstrated by some examples for the system GaCl₃–HCl. The ridge estimates are expected to be closer to the physically true parameter values.