Influence of the Interaction between Two Neighboring Periodically Curved Fibers on the Stress Distribution in a Composite Material

A method is developed for a stress analysis in an infinite elastic body containing two neighboring periodically cophasaly curved fibers located along two parallel lines. The stress distribution is studied when the body is loaded at infinity by uniformly distributed normal forces in the fiber direction. The investigation is carried out within the framework of a piecewise homogeneous body model with the use of exact three-dimensional equations of elasticity theory. Numerical results related to the stress distribution considered and the influence of interaction between the fibers on this distribution are given.     

Shape-Memory Effect in Polymer Composites with a Compactible Filler

The shape-memory effect has been investigated in formed porous polymers and composites under heating. An epoxy polymer, ultrahigh-molecular polyethylene, and polypropylene were used as the polymeric matrix and carbon materials of different bulk density were taken for the filler. An unconventional shape-memory effect, which is accompanied by an increase in volume, was created. Processing schemes by which this effect can be achieved are proposed. They make it possible to obtain products of varying configuration.     

Tensile Characterization of FRP Rods for Reinforced Concrete Structures

The application of FRP rods as an internal or external reinforcement in new or damaged concrete structures is based on the development of design equations that take into account the mechanical properties of FRP material systems.The measurement of mechanical characteristics of FRP requires a special anchoring and protocol, since it is well known that these characteristics depend on the direction and content of fibers. In this study, an effective tensile test method is described for the mechanical characterization of FRP rods. Twelve types of glass and carbon FRP specimens with different sizes and surface characteristics were tested to validate the procedure proposed. In all, 79 tensile tests were performed, and the results obtained are discussed in this paper. Recommendations are given for specimen preparation and test setup in order to facilitate the further investigation and standardization of the FRP rods used in civil engineering.     

Fracture Model for a Thin Layer of a Fibrous Composite

A model for a flat isolated layer of a unidirectional fibrous composite with a regular structure is constructed to investigate the possible variants of its failure development. An integrodifferential equation for determining the forces in fibers is obtained. Primary attention is focused on examining the failure process after the rupture of one fiber. This causes a drastic redistribution of stresses, which can lead to a failure of adjacent fibers owing to the increased load on them, to an interfacial shear fracture, and to the matrix cracking. It is shown that the development of layer failure is determined by the strength of fibers, the crack resistance of the matrix in axial tension and transverse shear, and also by the adhesion strength of the matrix-fiber interface. The sufficient conditions of applicability of the brittle fracture model are formulated.     

Maximum norm stability of difference schemes for parabolic equations on overset nonmatching space-time grids

In this paper, theoretical results are described on the maximum norm stability and accuracy of finite difference discretizations of parabolic equations on overset nonmatching space-time grids. We consider parabolic equations containing a linear reaction term on a space-time domain which is decomposed into an overlapping collection of cylindrical subregions of the form , for . Each of the space-time domains are assumed to be independently grided (in parallel) according to the local geometry and space-time regularity of the solution, yielding space-time grids with mesh parameters and . In particular, the different space-time grids need not match on the regions of overlap, and the time steps can differ from one grid to the next. We discretize the parabolic equation on each local grid by employing an explicit or implicit -scheme in time and a finite difference scheme in space satisfying a discrete maximum principle. The local discretizations are coupled together, without the use of Lagrange multipliers, by requiring the boundary values on each space-time grid to match a suitable interpolation of the solution on adjacent grids. The resulting global discretization yields a large system of coupled equations which can be solved by a parallel Schwarz iterative procedure requiring some communication between adjacent subregions. Our analysis employs a contraction mapping argument.

Applications of the results are briefly indicated for reaction-diffusion equations with contractive terms and heterogeneous hyperbolic-parabolic approximations of parabolic equations.

     

Polymer-assisted complexing controlled orientation growth of ZnO nanorods

The growth of the oriented zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods on silicon substrates based on a simple novel chemical transformation and thermal hydrolysis by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as self-assembling complex polymer was introduced in this paper. All the polymers were removed after chemical oxidation and only the carbonized grid backbones remained that confines the ZnO nanorod’s diameter and enhance the absorption and diffusion of ZnO at the tips of the nanorods during growth. The ZnO nanorods are investigated by FTIR, XRD and FE-SEM. The results indicated that these nanorods have fine hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure and their diameter varies from 20 to 90 nm and the length up to about 1 μm. A polymer-localized ZnO growth model is proposed, which well explains the growth behavior of ZnO nanorods.This revised version was published online in August 2005 with a corrected issue number.     

基于背景光调制的复合光傅里叶变换轮廓术

提出一种基于背景光调制的用于傅里叶变换轮廓术测量范围的复合光栅,该光栅通过调制一正弦条纹和不含任何相位信息的背景光来抑制零频,较基于相移技术的复合光栅有更大的优势:背景光只含直流分量,使得复合光栅的频谱更加简单,有利于滤出载波信息,提高测量精度;对从复合光栅中解调出来的背景光只涉及平均值校准,校准过程更为简单;解调出的背景光与物体表面的反射率成正比,具有潜在的应用价值。采用Matlab程序对该复合光栅进行了数值模拟,并对该光栅实用性进行了实验研究,结果证实了该光栅用于抑制零频、扩大傅里叶变换轮廓术测量范围的有效性,且提高了测量精度。     

ZnSe/SiO2复合薄膜光学常数与荧光光谱的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶工艺与原位生长技术，制备了ZnSe/SiO₂复合薄膜.X射线衍射分 析表明薄膜中ZnSe晶体呈立方闪锌矿结构.X射线荧光分析结果显示薄膜中Zn与Se摩尔比为1 ∶1.01—1∶1.19.利用场发射扫描电子显微镜观察了复合薄膜的表面形貌，结果表明复合薄 膜表面既存在尺寸约为400nm的ZnSe晶粒，也存在尺寸小于100nm的ZnSe晶粒.利用椭偏仪测 量了薄膜椭偏角Ψ，Δ与波长λ的关系，采用Maxwell-Garnett有效介质理论对薄膜的光学 常数、厚度、气孔率、ZnS 关键词： 2复合薄膜')" href="#">ZnSe/SiO₂复合薄膜 光学性质 椭偏光度法 荧光光谱     

Luttinger liquid with asymmetric dispersion

We present an extension of the Tomonaga-Luttinger model in which left and right-moving particles have different Fermi velocities. We derive expressions for one-particle Green's functions, momentum-distributions, density of states, charge compressibility and conductivity as functions of both the velocity difference ε and the strength of the interaction β. This allows us to identify a novel restricted region in the parameter space in which the system keeps the main features of a Luttinger liquid but with an unusual behavior of the density of states and the static charge compressibility κ. In particular κ diverges on the boundary of the restricted region, indicating the occurrence of a phase transition. Received 20 May 2002 / Received in final form 23 August 2002 Published online 19 November 2002     

人造金刚石与硬质合金复合材料的研制

 本实验选用TiH₂及其它微量元素做粘结剂，在DS-029B型六面顶压机上烧结人造金刚石与硬质合金复合材料。实验中，采取TiH₂脱氢与金刚石净化同时进行的工艺，在高真空和一定温度下脱氢，得到高活性的新鲜钛，使其具有更强的粘结作用，以获得高磨耗比的金刚石复合材料。实验中比较了不同净化温度对磨耗比的影响；同一种粘结剂不同含量与磨耗比之间的关系；同时还测试了其耐热性及时间极限。结果表明，这种复合材料在850 ℃下，加热3 min，磨耗比没有明显改变。