映秀—卧龙公路沿线汶川地震地质灾害研究

映秀—卧龙公路是汶川地震灾区距震中最近、震害最为严重的一条公路,本文对沿线地震地质灾害进行了详细的调查研究。依据震害特征,将沿线震害划分为斜坡中上部强风化岩体及土层失稳、结构面切割岩体崩滑失稳、滑坡、泥石流等4类,并分析了沿线震害发育规律。调查表明：龙门山后山断裂两侧地震地质灾害呈现显著的差异性,主要是由深大断裂的消震隔震效应,地貌放大效应,地质结构等三方面因素决定的。通过134条实测剖面分析,研究了地震失稳斜坡坡度和失稳部位。地震诱发失稳斜坡坡度在33°～84°之间,主要分布在41°～65°之间,可以认为地震诱发斜坡失稳灾害主要发生在40°以上的斜坡。斜坡失稳部位主要分布在斜坡中上部以及地貌突出部位,主要失稳部位在04坡高以上。从研究斜坡动力失稳的角度,将沿线斜坡划分为基岩-土层及强风化层斜坡地质结构、不利外倾结构面基岩斜坡地质结构、块状构造基岩斜坡地质结构、块碎石土层斜坡地质结构等几种地质结构模型,分析论述了各种地质结构相应的地震地质灾害类型及特点。
     

Stability domains of the vertical equilibrium state of a triple simple pendulum

The stability boundaries for the vertical equilibrium position of a triple simple pendulum subject to asymmetric follower force are analyzed. The effect of the upper spring and the magnitude of the follower force on the roots of the characteristic equation is studied Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 44, No. 10, pp. 122–134, October 2008.     

基于对偶四元数的卫星信息一致性控制

为了解决航天器控制信息一致性问题,提出了利用对偶四元数来描述对象的位置及姿态信息,实现位置与姿态的统一表述。同时利用信息一致性理论,通过设计航天器间的信息传递模型来解决分布式航天器间的状态同步问题。采用对偶四元数及信息一致性理论为工具,分别给出了位姿同步及跟踪两种控制方法并针对两种信息拓扑模型,以空间交会对接问题进行仿真实验,实验结果表明,在500s以内,卫星的位置及姿态实现了同步及跟踪控制。     

水平应力对顶板跨落角的影响及应用

为得到水平应力对顶板垮落角的影响,进而确定高位抽采钻孔布孔参数,采用理论分析及相似材料模拟实验的方法进行了研究。首先依据基本顶断裂位置围岩结构力学模型,将顶板岩层假设为梁结构,得到单一岩梁在不同水平应力作用下的断裂线位置变化规律。然后将各岩梁的断裂线位置叠加组合,得到水平应力对垮落角发育的影响。为验证理论分析结果,以水平应力值为影响因素设计了三组不同水平应力值条件下的双向加载相似材料模拟实验,得到了不同水平应力值对应的垮落角。研究结果表明:顶板垮落角由各岩梁断裂线位置决定。地基系数较小时,断裂线与地基初始接触位置距离随水平应力的增加表现为先减小后增加,垮落角变化规律同样为先减小后增加,但减小不明显;当地基系数增加时,随水平应力增加,断裂线与地基初始接触位置的距离减小趋势逐渐消除,仅表现为增加趋势,垮落角变化同样表现为增加趋势。现场应用表明,采用双向加载模型得到的垮落角对钻孔布置参数进行优化,优化后钻场抽采浓度及高浓度抽采时间均得到提高。     

DFT Study on Some Properties of Polybrominated Phenoxathiin 10-Oxides

With the B3LYP calculation method of density functional theory(DFT)and the 6-31G* basis set,full optimization calculation was made for phenoxathiin10-oxide(PTO)and 135 polybromine phenoxathiin 10-oxides(PBPTOs)with the Gaussian 03 program and molar heat capacity in constant volume(CVθ)value of each molecule in the standard state was obtained.The relation between CVθ and the substitution position and number of bromine atom(NPBS)was studied,and the results indicated good correlation(R2 = 1.000)between CVθ and NPBS of PBPTO compounds.Based on the output file of Gaussian 03 program,molar heat capacity at constant pressure(Cp,m)of PBPTO compounds from 200 to 1,000 K was calculated with the statistical thermodynamics program,and the correlation equation between Cp,m and temperature(T,T-1 and T-2)was obtained with the least-squares method,and the correlation coefficient of the correlation equation(R2)was 1.000.In addition,based on the partition function of each molecule calculated by vibration analysis,the relative rate constant of formation of each molecule was calculated.     

Scanning X-ray interferometry and the silicon lattice parameter: towards relative uncertainty?

In order to reduce measurement uncertainty of the (220) lattice spacing of silicon to a few parts per 10⁹, a combined X-ray and optical interferometer capable of millimeter scans is being tested. A new series of measurements confirmed the value obtained with our previous set-up, and the bounds of measurement uncertainty were investigated. The article supplements the analysis of the error budget and provides a safer footing for the monocrystalline silicon lattice parameter value. Received 13 August 1998     

Capacitive position measurement for high-precision space inertial sensor

Low noise position measurement is fundamental for space inertial sensors, and at present the capacitive position sensor is widely employed for space inertial sensors. The design for the possible suppression of the front-end electric noises for a capacitive sensor is presented. A prototype capacitive sensor with 2×10⁻⁶pF/Hz1/2 at frequency above 0.04 Hz is achieved and further improvements are discussed.      

Two-dimensional position sensitive neutron detector

Pramana - A two-dimensional position sensitive neutron detector has been developed. The detector is a3He + Kr filled multiwire proportional counter with charge division position readout and has a...     

An eye behavior measuring device for VR system

This work presents an eye-tracking and pupil size-measuring device that interfaces with a computer for applications useful in psychometry, ophthalmology, physiology and virtual reality (VR) systems. This system utilizes a change-coupled device (CCD) camera, appropriate lenses, PC with frame grabber and a DSP unit with various types of VR equipment, i.e., HMD, simulator or LCD projection device. The digital signal processing unit is used to calculate the average brightness and contrast of the VR video image. A CCD camera with various attachments can be mounted on various VR systems to capture the human eye image for testing. An image capture card and a personal computer are used to analyze the test image. From the eye digital image, the computer obtains data on the pupil size and a trace of the tested eye. A pattern recognition computer program and five measurement parameters are used to distinguish the position of the pupil, calculate the pupil location coordinate and analyze the physical conditions of the user. These data can be plotted against the average brightness and contrast of the VR video image in real time. This information is shown on the screen of a personal computer and used for cross-link analysis. This eye-tracking interface can determine the position of a subject's pupil and map that position into a display point on a computer screen. The pupil size and location data versus the average brightness and contrast of a VR video image are computed in real time.     

植物研究用γ射线成像系统设计

为了利用正电子发射断层成像技术在植物生理功能研究中的优势,正在开发由两个探测器相向放置构成的γ射线成像系统.系统中采用的探测器是由10×10的氧正硅酸镥(LSO)晶体阵列与滨松R5900-C12耦合组成.单个LSO尺寸为1.8mm×1.8mm×10mm.根据PET应用的特点,测试了该探测器的性能.所有闪烁晶体的图像在位置图谱中清楚可见;511keV全能峰处的能量分辨率位于14.5%—22%之间;符合时间分辨率随着位置灵敏光电倍增管的供给电压的增加而得到改善.这些实验结果表明,该LSO探测器适于构造高分辨率的双探测器成像系统.