Ⅲ型扩展裂纹尖端场渐近解的研究

本文采用弹性-粘塑性模型对反平面剪切扩展裂纹问题进行了研究。文中通过对动态扩展问题和准静态扩展问题的分析得到了各自的渐近解,并且证明了准静态扩展解是动态扩展解的特殊情况,从而使二者统一起来。     

用摄动法分析准静态载荷下弹塑性结构的安定问题

本文借助于摄动法用分段线性加载面讨论了弹塑性结构在准静态载荷下的安定问题,给出了一个普遍适用的不等式,由此导出了广义的米兰(Melan,1938)安定准则以及位移与塑性变形的界,并举例进行了说明。     

Spatial Stability for the Quasi-static Problem of Thermoelasticity

This paper is concerned with the quasi-static problem of thermoelasticity. The classical system of equations of thermoelasticity is a coupling of an elliptic equation with a parabolic equation. It poses some new mathematical difficulties. Here we study the exponential spatial decay of solutions. An upper bound for the amplitude in terms of the boundary and initial conditions is obtained. The extension of the spatial stability results to thermoelasticity of type III is also treated. Dedicated to C.O. Horgan on the occasion of his 60th birthdayMathematics Subject Classifications (2000) 74F05, 74G50.     

Nanofluidic energy absorption system: A review

基于纳米流控行为设计的新一代能量吸收耗散系统（nanofluidic en-ergy absorption system,NEAS）将会比传统吸能材料具有更高的能量吸收密度,而且还可以重复使用,特别是在小体积应用环境下具有显著的优势.本文从实验和计算模拟两方面综述了目前关于NEAS能量吸收耗散行为的最新研究进展,其中实验研究主要包括准静态压缩和动态压缩测试,计算模拟研究主要是采用基于经验势的分子动力学模拟方法.通过准静态压缩实验,可以测量NEAS模型的载荷–位移关系曲线,从而获得NEAS模型的临界渗透压强,了解卸载后系统是否能够恢复到加载前的状态（即是否可以重复使用）,并通过载荷–位移关系曲线下面积估算NEAS模型的吸能密度;通过动态压缩实验可以测量NEAS模型对脉冲载荷的缓冲保护作用,主要体现为降低脉冲载荷幅值和扩展脉冲宽度.计算模型研究可以明确给出NEAS对外载荷的微观响应,从而可以准确了解NEAS的能量吸收耗散机制以及吸能密度的主要影响因素.本研究可以帮助我们全面了解NEAS的研究进展,为NEAS的设计与优化提供重要指导.     

I型定常扩展裂纹尖端的弹黏塑性场

考虑材料在扩展裂纹尖端的黏性效应，假设黏性系数与塑性应变率的幂次成反比，对幂硬化材料中平面应变扩展裂纹尖端场进行了弹黏塑性渐近分析，得到了不含间断的连续解，并讨论了I型裂纹数值解的性质随各参数的变化规律. 分析表明应力和应变均具有幂奇异性，并且只有在线性硬化时，尖端场的弹、黏、塑性才可以合理匹配. 对于I型裂纹，裂尖场不含弹性卸载区. 当裂纹扩展速度趋于零时，动态解趋于准静态解，表明准静态解是动态解的特殊形式；如果进一步考虑硬化系数为零的极限情况，便可退化为Hui和Riedel的非线性黏弹性解.     

Quasi-static analysis of multicrossover structures in grounded two-layer dielectric media

The capacitive coupling effects of multi-crossover structures in grounded two-layer dielectric media are investigated by a set of generalized quasi-static formulations. The moment method is employed to solve the set of generalized integral equations for the charge densities. Both the distributed capacitances and the lumped excess capacitances are computed.     

The characterization of the thermal behaviour of inorganic fluorides using quasi-static thermoanalytical methods

Quasi-static thermal analysis is very useful for the characterization of the thermal behaviour of inorganic fluorides. The strong dependence of the thermal decomposition of hydroxonium fluorometallates, monofluorophosphates, and ammonium fluorometallates on the partial pressure is demonstrated. Non-reciprocal quasi-isobaric investigations are specially suitable to disclose this behaviour. The possibilities of characterization of the reaction mechanism using quasi-static thermal analytical methods as well as the use of these methods as synthetic variants for phase-pure fluorides are demonstrated by further examples. In this context the repression of the amount of hydrolysis products is discussed.

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Zusammenfassung Quasi-statische thermoanalytische Methoden sind sehr gut für die Charakterisierung anorganischer Fluoride geeignet. Am Beispiel der termischen Zersetzung von Hydroxoniumfluorometallaten, Monofluorophosphaten und Ammoniumfluorometallaten wird der starke Einfluss von Partialdruckänderungen demonstriert. Besonders wichtig sind quasi-isobare, nicht-reziproke Verfahren für die Untersuchung dieses Verhaltens. An Beispielen wird auch die Möglichkeit der Reaktionsaufklärung mit quasi-statischen thermoanalytischen Methoden gezeigt. Die gleichen Methoden eignen sich darüber hinaus als Synthesevariante für phasenreine Fluoride. In diesem Zusammenhang werden die Möglichkeiten der Herstellung von Fluoriden mit geringem Hydrolysegrad ausführlich diskutiert.

     

燃料馏分油气－液相平衡常数的测定与关联

实沸点蒸馏原油获得燃料馏分油。采用拟静态法测定不同沸程的22种燃料馏分油在系列温度下的泡点蒸气压，用Antoine方程关联蒸气压与温度的关系。在泡点压力分别为10 kPa、30 kPa、50 kPa、80 kPa和101.325 kPa时，按虚拟组分处理法计算了燃料宽馏分油中各虚拟组分的气-液相平衡常数，关联了气-液相平衡常数与虚拟组分的沸点以及相平衡温度、压力的关系，得到的表达式可以计算常压沸点范围在348.15 K至623.15 K间燃料宽馏分油的气-液相平衡常数，经180个数据点回归检验，平均误差为4.5%。     

On the reduction of Cr3+ during the thermal decomposition of fluorochromates(III) with nitrogen containing cations

The thermal decomposition of [CO(NH₂)₂H]CrF₆·H₂O, (C₃N₆H₈)CrF₅·H₂O and the solid state reaction of CrF₃ and melamine are investigated under non-reciprocal quasi-static conditions and compared with the thermal behaviour of other fluorochromates(III) ([Cr(NH₃)₆]CrF₆, (NH₄)₃CrF and [C(NH₂)₃]₃CrF₆). The comparison of the results shows that the amount of chromium(II) in the final product is determined by the thermal stability and consequently by the decomposition temperature of the intermediates. Neither bonding properties in the starting materials nor the absolute amount of generated NH₃ influence the composition of the final product.