飞秒受激拉曼光谱线形:基于泵浦及探测脉冲光的共振条件研究

Resonance enhancement has been increasingly employed in the emergent femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy (FSRS) to selectively monitor molecular structure and dynamics with improved spectral and temporal resolutions and signal-to-noise ratios. Such joint efforts by the technique-and application-oriented scientists and engineers have laid the foundation for exploiting the tunable FSRS methodology to investigate a great variety of photosensitive systems and elucidate the underlying functional mechanisms on molecular time scales. During spectral analysis, peak line shapes remain a major concern with an intricate dependence on resonance conditions. Here, we present a comprehensive study of line shapes by tuning the Raman pump wavelength from red to blue side of the ground-state absorption band of the fluorescent dye rhodamine 6G in solution. Distinct line shape patterns in Stokes and anti-Stokes FSRS as well as from the low to high-frequency modes highlight the competition between multiple third-order and higher-order nonlinear pathways, governed by different resonance conditions achieved by Raman pump and probe pulses. In particular, the resonance condition of probe wavelength is revealed to play an important role in generating circular line shape changes through oppositely phased dispersion via hot luminescence (HL) pathways. Meanwhile, on-resonance conditions of the Raman pump could promote excited-state vibrational modes which are broadened and red-shifted from the coincident ground-state vibrational modes, posing challenges for spectral analysis. Certain strategies in tuning the Raman pump and probe to characteristic regions across an electronic transition band are discussed to improve the FSRS usability and versatility as a powerful structural dynamics toolset to advance chemical, physical, materials, and biological sciences.     

主控抽运被动调Q激光器和输出特性

对脉冲抽运与增益预抽运的微腔Cr4+:YAG/Nd:YAG被动调Q激光器的稳定性进行了理论和实验研究。结果表明在抽运时抽运脉宽和重复率较大的情况下,输出激光脉冲相对于抽运脉冲抖动范围明显加大。针对此情况,采用压缩抽运脉宽和降低重复率的方法获得了波长为1.06 μm、脉宽为3.8 ns、单脉冲能量为65 μJ、相对抽运脉冲的抖动范围小于0.8 μs的激光输出。同时分析了增益预抽运的优势和缺点。     

Efficient diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 continuous-wave laser at 1.34 μm

We report a high-power continuous-wave(cw) diode-pumped efficient 1.34 μm Nd:YVO₄ laser. The laser properties of a low Nd³⁺-doped concentration of the Nd:YVO₄ crystal operating at 1.34 μm formed with a simple plane-concave cavity have been demonstrated. With the incident pump power of 22 W, an output power of 8.24 W was obtained, giving an optical conversion efficiency of 37.5% and slope efficiency of 40%. The thermal effects of cw end-pumped solid-state lasers were studied.     

Intramolecular charge transfer in donor‐bridge‐acceptor compounds with paired linearly conjugated or cross‐conjugated pathways

An understanding of intramolecular charge transfer in 2‐D linearly conjugated and cross‐conjugated compounds is necessary for the rational design of molecular electronics, improved solar energy devices, semi‐conducting polymers, and materials with nonlinear optical properties. In this work, the femtosecond transient absorption spectra and kinetics of several donor‐bridge‐acceptor compounds containing cross‐conjugated or linearly conjugated bridging groups were obtained. The veratrole group was used as the donor, and the phthalimide group was used as an acceptor. 2‐D conjugation was achieved by involving two bridging groups arranged cyclically between the donor and acceptor. The donor and acceptor were bridged by m‐phenylene in the cross‐conjugated compounds or 2,5‐thiophene in the linearly conjugated compounds. We found slower charge separation times and slower charge recombination times in the compounds containing cyclic cross‐conjugated bridging groups than in those containing the cyclic linearly conjugated groups in polar solvent. Charge separation rates that were found to be dependent on solvent were observed in the donor‐bridge‐acceptor compounds. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Acoustic streaming in an ultrasonic air pump with three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain analysis and comparison to the measurement

The direct finite-difference fluid simulation of acoustic streaming on a fine-meshed three-dimensional model using a graphics processing unit (GPU)-based calculation array is discussed. Airflows are induced by an acoustic traveling wave when an intense sound field is generated in a gap between a bending transducer and a reflector. The calculation results showed good agreement with measurements in a pressure distribution. Several flow vortices were observed near the boundary layer of the reflector and the transducer, which have often been observed near the boundary of acoustic tubes, but have not been observed in previous calculations for this type of ultrasonic air pump.     

多波长抽运宽带光纤拉曼放大器的数值模拟与优化

采用平均功率分析算法对多波长抽运宽带光纤拉曼放大器进行了细致的数值模拟，并根据多抽运拉曼增益谱的特点和不同抽运波长对增益斜率的不同影响提出了一种新的有效的抽运优化算法，并利用这种方法对10波长抽运的光纤拉曼放大器进行了优化，获得了70nm带宽上增益谱波动低于0．5dB的结果。     

基于相关系数指标筛选法的油田集输泵机组用能评价体系研究

针对不同油田泵机组的用能情况不同而导致的泵机组评价指标种类和权重产生差异的问题,提出一种确定指标的方法,根据西北油田泵机组的实际工况,采用相关系数法筛选评价指标,再结合主成分分析法与灰色关联法综合评价泵机组的用能情况.结果表明筛选出了5个评价指标,按权重大小排序依次为泵机组效率、节流损失率、外输负载率、集输单耗、功率因...     

Apical acidity decreases inhibitory effect of omeprazole on Mg2+ absorption and claudin-7 and -12 expression in Caco-2 monolayers

Clinical studies reported hypomagnesaemia in long-term omeprazole usage that was probably due to intestinal Mg²⁺ wasting. Our previous report demonstrated the inhibitory effect of omeprazole on passive Mg²⁺ transport across Caco-2 monolayers. The present study aimed to identify the underlying mechanism of omeprazole suppression of passive Mg²⁺ absorption. By using Caco-2 monolayers, we demonstrated a potent inhibitory effect of omeprazole on passive Mg²⁺, but not Ca²⁺, transport across Caco-2 monolayers. Omeprazole shifted the %maximum passive Mg²⁺ transport-Mg²⁺ concentration curves to the right, and increased the half maximal effective concentration of those dose-response curves, indicating a lower Mg²⁺ affinity of the paracellular channel. By continually monitoring the apical pH, we showed that omeprazole suppressed apical acid accumulation. Neomycin and spermine had no effect on passive Mg²⁺ transport of either control or omeprazole treated monolayers, indicating that omeprazole suppressed passive Mg²⁺ transport in a calcium sensing receptor (CaSR)-independent manner. The results of western blot analysis showed that omeprazole significantly suppressed claudin (Cldn)-7 and -12, but not Cldn-2, expression in Caco-2 cells. By using apical solution of pH 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, and 7.0, we found that apical acidity markedly increased passive Mg²⁺ transport, Mg²⁺ affinity of the paracellular channel, and Cldn-7 and -12 expression in Caco-2 monolayers. Apical acidity abolished the inhibitory effect of omeprazole on passive Mg²⁺ transport and Cldn-7 and -12 expression. Our results provided the evidence for the regulation of intestinal passive Mg²⁺ absorption by luminal acidity-induced increase in Cldn-7 and -12 expression.     

高增益复合泵浦O^＋7X射线激光的理论研究

用一维流体力学程序MEDUSA耦合原子物理程序NIMP,对超短脉冲激光辐照Mylar纤维靶和平面靶产生复合泵浦O~(17)X射线激光的物理过程进行了理论研究,探讨了利用VULCAN激光装置的CPA皮秒脉冲光束进行饱和增益实验的可行性.结果表明,超短脉冲辐照激光靶可能是产生饱和增益的复合泵浦X射线激光的一条有效途径.     

An Efficient LD Pumped Nd:glass Laser

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