Influence of boundary structure and near neighbor crystallographic orientation on the dynamic damage evolution during shock loading

The role of crystallographic orientation on damage evolution in ductile metals during shock loading has been investigated. By utilizing large-grained copper specimens, it has been shown that the development of intragranular damage, in the form of void growth and coalescence, is influenced by the grain orientation with respect to the applied load. Additionally, strain incompatibility and the inability to promote transmission or activation of secondary dislocation slip across a grain boundary, are proposed as the likely cause for intergranular failure. Finally, the free surface velocity profiles of each grain, specifically the decay of the oscillations after the pull-back, correlated well with the amount of damage measured within the respective grain.     

应用新型动光弹系统研究某设备受冲击载荷作用

结构受到冲击时,其应力分布与在静荷载作用下完全不同.本丈应用新型动光弹实验系统研究了某设备在冲击载荷作用下其内部动态应力分布情况.该系统由部分传统的动光弹实验装置、高速摄影系统和数字光弹图像处理系统组成,并且采用激光光源、落锤冲击载荷加载装置.加工制作了该设备模型的光弹性模型,应用到冲击载荷作用下的实验研究中,得到了该...     

ITER�ݳ�����֧��ԭ�ͼ���ά���ز���ƽ̨���

根据ITER运行的主要危险工况,设计了一个专用的三维加载测试平台,并对该测试平台进行了结构有限元分析。有限元分析结果表明,三维测试平台结构有足够的强度和刚度,能满足磁体支撑原型件的三维加载测试的精度要求,可以用该设计方案进行制造。为了确信三维加载测试的可靠,制定了专门的三维加载测试平台的验收方案并按此方案对测试平台进行了可靠性测试。     

Optically monitored high-pressure gas loading apparatus for diamond anvil cells

We describe a high-pressure system built to load rare gases (He, Ar, Ne) in various types of diamond anvil cells, at room temperature. These gases are used as pressure transmitting media to obtain the best hydrostatic compression conditions in high-pressure experiments. Optical windows allow control of the loading process. The loading success rate is close to 100% and the initial pressures in the diamond anvil cell are in between 0.2 and 1?GPa. This system can easily be adapted for loading of various gaseous samples, including gas mixtures, which generally cannot be loaded by cryogenic methods.     

Compression behavior of NiO in a diamond cell

Abstract

The compressibility of synthetic polycrystalline NiO was studied in a diamond anvil cell at room temperature utilizing two different X-ray sources. A standard film with a conventional X-ray source and the energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) method with synchrotron radiation were used for data acquisition. In the film method, the sample was compressed in a 4:1 methanol to ethanol solution up to 7 GPa with ruby fluorescence as a pressure calibrant. In the energy dispersive method, NiO powder was mixed with gold and compressed in two different conditions: gasketed and ungasketed up to 30 GPa. In the gasketed run, water was used as the pressure transmitting medium while gold was used as pressure calibrant in both runs.

Hydrostatic compression of NiO in both diffraction methods yields a bulk modulus (K _o) of 187 ± 7 GPa assuming K′ = 4. The compression of gasketed NiO of the synchrotron experiment, however, showed an obvious break at pressure exceeding 4 GPa due to the loss of hydrostaticity. NiO in a nonhydrostatic condition behaves with less compressibility than the hydrostatic results with a nominal K _o of 238 ± 10 GPa. The lower compressibility of NiO in synchrotron runs is attributed to the uniaxial loading effect which was more easily detected by the EDXRD geometry. The discrepancy in the bulk modulus can be attributed to the contrast in the shear strength between the sample and pressure medium and the Poisson effect of the sample under uniaxial loading.     

钻孔雷达全向天线的设计与分析

根据钻孔雷达全向天线的设计要求,为减少天线的结构尺寸增加带宽,设计了一种新型电阻加载全向天线。通过理论分析和数值优化,选择了较优的结构尺寸,得到了较佳方向图和带宽。天线外径为65 mm,使用10 mm厚天线罩封装后外径为85 mm;天线的S11小于-10 dB频带为70~260 MHz,带宽约190 MHz。该天线的带宽超过100 MHz,中心频率处增益大于-3 dB,辐射电场脉冲波形拖尾小于主峰幅度1/5,方向图在H面为全向。基于矢量网络分析仪的天线特性测量结果与数值计算结果基本一致,结果表明设计的天线能够满足钻孔测井雷达系统小尺寸宽带的要求。     

单压吸收式制冷气泡泵冷态实验及性能分析

单压吸收式制冷是一种可以利用太阳能等低品位能源驱动的制冷循环,而气泡泵是该制冷系统中的最主要耗能部件,因此对气泡泵的研究尤其重要。冷态模拟实验可以避免热态实验中出现的实验过程不稳定等缺点,产生的气泡更加均匀,获得的实验数据更加准确。实验结果表明输气量和沉浸比对气泡泵性能影响较大。     

Analytical solution of piezolaminated rectangular plates with arbitrary clamped/simply-supported boundary conditions under thermo-electro-mechanical loadings

This paper extends an analytical method for static analysis of general cross-ply piezolaminated rectangular plates with any combination of clamped/simply-supported boundary conditions under uncoupled thermo-electro-mechanical loadings. This method is based on the novel superposition method and the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The FSDT enables this expanded method to consider the effect of shear deformation of the plate. The process of applying electrical and thermal resultants causes some advantages due to its simplicity and less computational process. In this analysis displacement components are written in terms of unknown force and moment resultants. Using Fourier series for displacement components, mechanical, thermal, and/or electrical stress resultants, the complex governing differential equations of the plate are reduced to a set of linear algebraic equations with non-trivial solution. The obtained equations may be solved analytically to determine the unknown stress resultants. Several examples are proposed, and their obtained numerical results are compared with those available in the literature to verify the convergence, high accuracy, and the capability of the present method to analyze the static behavior of piezolaminated plates. It is found that there is high agreement between the present results with those obtained by other investigators.     

Micromechanical model of the high temperature cyclic behavior of 9–12%Cr martensitic steels

9–12%Cr quenched and tempered martensitic steels are known to soften under cyclic loadings at high temperature. The present article proposes a model based on physical mechanisms described at the scale of slip systems. This model describes explicitly the microstructural recovery (corresponding to a decrease of the dislocation density and subgrain coarsening) observed experimentally. The scale transition is carried out in the framework of self-consistent homogenization schemes. The model assumptions and its physical basis are explicitly discussed. The parameters are identified on a very limited amount of experimental data. The model turns out to give very good predictions and extrapolations for the cyclic softening effect observed in uniaxial tension–compression loadings for strain ranges larger than 0.3%. Stress–relaxation and creep behavior can also be simulated for high stresses. In addition the cyclic softening effect is reproduced for multiaxial tension–torsion loadings.