Direct atomic absorption spectrometry determination of tin, lead, cadmium and zinc in high-purity graphite with flame furnace atomizer

This work described methodology of Sn, Pb, Cd and Zn impurities determination in high-purity graphite at direct atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with flame furnace (FF) atomizer. It was evidence that quality of AAS measurements are depended from sample amount, its homogeneity, particle size, as well as calibration procedure and operation parameters of FF atomizer. Prior to analysis the method has been developed and optimized with respect to the furnace heating temperature and flame composition of FF atomizer. Conditions of absorption peak areas (Q_A) formation to each element were studied on the basis of contribution into its value some of individual parameters of analytes, including mass-transporting process from increasing mass of graphite samples into gas phase. Because particle size and homogeneous distribution of analyte in powdered materials has an enormous influence on accuracy and precision of measurement results, graphite as well as appropriate series of powdered reference standards was previously ground and investigated. Graphite samples to be analyzed and standard reference materials with mass from 0.025 to 0.200 g was previously briquetted as pellet and insert on corresponding hole in furnace. The characteristic mass (g₀) of Sn, Pb, Cd and Zn were 0.35, 0.1, 0.008 and 0.025 ng, respectively, and relative standard deviation (S_r) not more than 20%.     

Three‐dimensional lubrication flow of a Herschel–Bulkley fluid

In this paper three‐dimensional lubrication flow of grease is analysed numerically. The lubrication flow configuration is formed by two ellipsoid rollers. The load is assumed to be light enough for the lubrication mode to be purely hydrodynamic. The fluid behaviour is modelled using the Herschel–Bulkley model, and a two‐dimensional modified Reynolds equation is derived. The numerical solutions are obtained by using a hybrid spectral/iterative technique and the Galerkin projection scheme. The effects of the material and geometrical parameters on pressure distribution are emphasized in the study. The investigation is conducted for a situation where the two ellipsoids are fully immersed in a grease lubricant. The effect of the geometry on the pressure distribution is determined by varying the ratio of the semi‐axes and the minimum gap of the two rollers, respectively. The effect of the material parameters is examined by varying the power‐law index and yield stress. It is found that the pressure distribution is strongly influenced by the shape of the rollers, the size of the minimum gap of the rollers and the rheological parameters. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Convergence of (~γ)s(b0hn - h1bn-1)

This paper computes the Thom map on γ2 and proves that it is represented by 2b2,0h1,2 in the ASS. The authors also compute the higher May differential of b2,0, from which it is proved that (~γ)s(b0hn - h1bn-1) for 2 ≤ s ＜ p - 1 are permanent cycles in the ASS.     

Excitation cross sections for a vanadium atom

Moscow Power Engineering Institute, 14 Krasnokazarmennaya Str., Moscow, 105835, Russia. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 62, No. 6, pp. 16–21, November–December, 1995.     

Injection seeding for single-mode operation in an optically pumped high-power D2O laser

Spectrally narrow, pulsed outputs consisting of almost a single mode have been obtained from an optically-pumped high-power (200kW) D₂O laser by adopting the injection seeding method, where single-mode radiation (seed pulse) from a low-power, compact D₂O laser has been injected into the main D₂O laser. Spectrally narrow outputs with high power having spectral widths as narrow as 5 MHz have been obtained, when the seed pulses with frequency tuned to one longitudinal mode of the main D₂O laser have been injected at a time sufficiently before the lasing of the main laser took place. The experimental results have been compared with those of numerical simulation modified to include the injection field with varying injection times.     

On products of unbounded operators

A symmetric operator X^ is attached to each operator X that leaves the domain of a given positive operator A invariant and makes the product AX symmetric. Some spectral properties of X^ are derived from those of X and, as a consequence, various conditions ensuring positivity of products of the form AX ₁ ... X _n are proved. The question of ^-complete positivity of the mapping p → Ap(X ₁,...,X _n) defined on complex polynomials in n variables is investigated. It is shown that the set ω is related to the McIntosh-Pryde joint spectrum of (X ₁,...,X _n) in case all the operators A, X ₁,...,X _n are bounded. Examples illustrating the theme of the paper are included. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

The p-chain Spectral Sequence

We introduce a new spectral sequence called the p-chain spectral sequence which converges to the (co-)homology of a contravariant C-space with coefficients in a covariant C-spectrum for a small category C. It is different from the corresponding Atiyah–Hirzebruch-type spectral sequence. It can be used in combination with the Isomorphism Conjectures of Baum and Connes and Farrell and Jones to compute algebraic K- and L-groups of group rings and topological K-groups of reduced group C*-algebras.     

Dependence of the Convergence Domain of Spectral Expansions on the Geometry of the Set of Discontinuity of the Function Being Expanded

For piecewise smooth functions, we indicate their domains of convergence and Riecz summarizability of their spectral expansions related to the Laplace operator in ? ⁿ , depending on the geometry of points of discontinuity of the function being expanded.     

Triterpenoids from Astragalus Plants

Advances in the chemistry of Astragalus triterpenoids based on worldwide literature appearing mainly after 1988 were reviewed. The review was dedicated to the memory of Professor N. K. Abubakirov.     

The ground state well depth position Rm of Van der Waals molecules and the spectral line shapes

As the ground state potential curve is strongly related to spectral line shapes, the minumum position of the ground state potential is obtained from the experiemental absorption profile k(Δν, T) at high density of the radiating atoms. The temperature dependence of the absorption processes of Hg and Cd lines 253.65 and 326.1 nm, respectively perturbed by inert gases (Xe, Kr, Ar and Ne) had been carefully studied over a wide spectral range. Using the point of the maximum temperature dependence Δν_m in each case, we are able to calculate the position of the ground state potential R_m using a simple formula.