基于狭缝法的成像板空间分辨特性

成像板是强激光物理实验中用于记录X射线及粒子信号的重要工具。采用狭缝法和栅条法对Fuji BAS-SR型成像板的空间分辨特性进行了实验研究,测定了该型成像板的调制传递函数,并对极限空间分辨进行了验证。结果显示该型成像板所能响应的空间截止频率约为17 lp/mm。借助蒙特卡罗程序,对成像板自身对X射线响应的空间弥散特性进行了模拟计算,发现成像板自身产生的空间弥散远小于经过扫描仪扫描之后的空间弥散,表明目前成像板空间分辨能力主要受限于其专用的扫描仪。     

基于自封袋和塑料点滴板的氯气性质实验设计

通过运用自封袋和塑料点滴板等微型装置设计实验,并选用浓度较稀的盐酸和次氯酸钠溶液反应来制取氯气,采用滤纸来扩大性质实验中溶液的接触面积,可以很好地完成氯气的氧化性、氯气与碱反应、氯水的漂白性以及氯离子的检验等实验。该微型实验设计绿色环保,操作简便。     

Transformation of an elliptic into a circular beam using a diffractive binary optic

We propose a new method for transforming an elliptic Gaussian beam, in the near field, into a circular Gaussian beam in the far field. For that, we consider the use of a simple binary diffractive optic which is able to circularize an elliptic beam of 2:1 aspect ratio.     

浅析椭圆盘及椭球体的转动惯量

给出椭圆盘和椭球体对于过质心任意轴的转动惯量公式的新形式,并由此导出椭圆和椭球的一种几何性质     

An anisotropic, superconvergent nonconforming plate finite element

The classical finite element convergence analysis relies on the following regularity condition: there exists a constant c independent of the element K and the mesh such that h_K/ρ_Kc, where h_K and ρ_K are diameters of K and the biggest ball contained in K, respectively. In this paper, we construct a new, nonconforming rectangular plate element by the double set parameter method. We prove the convergence of this element without the above regularity condition. The key in our proof is to obtain the O(h²) consistency error. We also prove the superconvergence of this element for narrow rectangular meshes. Results of our numerical tests agree well with our analysis.     

弹性地基上自由边矩形厚板

弹性地基上自由边矩形厚板的分栀由于其难度较大,一直没有得到很好的解决.本文采用单三角级数和重三角级数相叠加的方法,求得该问题的精确解.文中所用方法简单明了.所得结果完全满足边界条件并与王克林等[2]的结果完全一致.     

Submicrometer hard X‐ray focusing using a single‐bounce ellipsoidal capillary combined with a Fresnel zone plate

A single‐bounce capillary with an ellipsoidal shape has been used for two‐step focusing in combination with a Fresnel zone plate (FZP). The FZP serves as a first microfocusing element and produces a demagnified micrometer image of the source, before the elliptical capillary makes a last final compression of the beam. With 15 keV X‐rays from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility BM5 bending magnet, the two‐step demagnification system produced a focus of about 250 nm with a gain of more than 1000. The use of an ellipsoidal capillary as a micro‐mirror under off‐axis illumination using micro‐prefocusing optics might open up new opportunities in nanofocusing developments.     

Fresnel zone plate with apodized aperture for hard X‐ray Gaussian beam optics

Fresnel zone plates with apodized apertures [apodization FZPs (A‐FZPs)] have been developed to realise Gaussian beam optics in the hard X‐ray region. The designed zone depth of A‐FZPs gradually decreases from the center to peripheral regions. Such a zone structure forms a Gaussian‐like smooth‐shouldered aperture function which optically behaves as an apodization filter and produces a Gaussian‐like focusing spot profile. Optical properties of two types of A‐FZP, i.e. a circular type and a one‐dimensional type, have been evaluated by using a microbeam knife‐edge scan test, and have been carefully compared with those of normal FZP optics. Advantages of using A‐FZPs are introduced.     

Finite element computation of turbulent flow past a multi-element airfoil

Flow past multi-element airfoil is studied via two-dimensional numerical simulations. The incompressible Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes equations, in primitive variables, are solved using a stabilized finite element formulation. The Spalart–Allmaras and Baldwin–Lomax models are employed for turbulence closure. The implementation of the Spalart–Allmaras model is verified by computing flow over a flat plate with a specified trip location. Good agreement is seen between the results obtained with the two models for flow past a NACA 0012 airfoil at 5° angle of attack. Results for the multi-element airfoil, with the two turbulence models, are compared with experiments for various angles of attack. In general, the pressure distribution, from both the models matches quite well with the experimental results. However, at larger angles of attack, the computational results overpredict the suction peak on the slat. The velocity profiles from the Baldwin–Lomax model are, in general, more diffused compared to those from the Spalart–Allmaras model. The agreement between the computed and experimental results is not too good in the flap region for large angles of attack. Both the models are unable to predict the stall; the flow remains attached even for relatively large angles of attack. Consequently, the lift coefficient is over predicted at large α by the computations. Overall, compared to the Baldwin–Lomax model, the predictions from the Spalart–Allmaras model are closer to experimental measurements.