米散射理论在新型导光板中的应用

根据米散射理论,提出了新型导光板的设计思路,计算并分析了对于一定波长的入射光,不同粒径的微粒的散射特性。总结了随着微粒粒径的变化,散射效率、消光效率与背向散射效率的变化规律,分析了散射过程中的偏振度随粒子粒径几散射角变化的情况,同时模拟计算了多个微粒对同一波长的入射光经过多次散射后的概率统计结果。     

用波晶片相位板产生角动量可调的无衍射涡旋空心光束

本文提出了一种用波晶片产生无衍射涡旋空心光束的新方案. 根据晶体双折射的性质, 设计波晶片的厚度, 在一块晶体薄片上对o光和e光分别形成各自的四台阶相位板, 线偏振光入射到该相位板后, o光和e光衍射按强度叠加, 利用准伽利略望远镜系统聚焦, 得到近似无衍射涡旋空心光束. 光路简单, 调节方便. 在近轴条件下, 运用菲涅耳衍射理论和经典电磁场角动量理论, 数值模拟计算了周期数不同的两块波晶片相位板衍射光强和角动量的分布, 结果表明: 两块相位板都能在较长距离内产生近似无衍射涡旋空心光束, 光强和轨道角动量的分布与螺旋相位板产生的涡旋光束基本相同. 在衍射光路中加入相位补偿器, 调节o光和e光的相位差可以调节自旋角动量的大小, 从而可以调节总角动量密度和平均光子角动量的大小. 用这种空心光束导引冷原子或冷分子, 原子在与光子相互作用过程中可获得可调的转动力矩.     

An improved algorithm for detecting point of impact in anisotropic inhomogeneous plates

Conventional triangulation techniques fail to correctly predict the acoustic source location in anisotropic plates due to the direction dependent nature of the elastic wave speeds. To overcome this problem, Kundu et al. [1] proposed an alternative method for acoustic source prediction based on optimizing an objective function. They defined an objective function that uses the time of flight information of the acoustic waves to the passive transducers attached to the plate and the wave propagation direction (θ) from the source point to the receiving sensors. Some weaknesses of the original algorithm proposed in Ref. [1] were later overcome by developing a modified objective function [2]. A new objective function is introduced here to further simplify the optimization procedure and improve the computational efficiency. A new algorithm for source location is also introduced here to increase the source location accuracy. The performance of the objective function and source location algorithm were experimentally verified on a homogeneous anisotropic plate and a non-homogeneous anisotropic plate with a doubler patch. Results from these experiments indicate that the new objective function and source location algorithm have improved performance when compared with those discussed in Refs. [1] and [2].     

Embedded dots inside glass for optical film using UV laser of ultrafast laser pulse

Microstructures are usually fabricated on the surface of optical sheets to improve the optical characteristics. In this study, a new fabrication process with UV (ultraviolet) laser direct writing method is developed to embed microstructures inside the glass. Then the optical properties of glass such as reflection and refraction indexes can be modified. Single- and multi-layer microstructures are designed and embedded inside glass substrate to modify the optical characteristics. Both luminance and uniformity can be controlled with the embedded microstructures. Thus, the glass with inside pattern can be used as a light guide plate to increase optical performance. First, an optical commercial software, FRED, is applied to design the microstructure configuration. Then, UV laser direct writing with output power 2.5-2.6 W, repetition rate 30 kHz, wave length: 355 nm, and pulse duration 15 ns is used to fabricate the microstructures inside the glass. The effect of dot pattern in the glass such as the dot pitch, the layer gap, and the number of layer on the optical performance is discussed. Machining capacity of UV laser ranges from micron to submicrometer; hence with this ultrafast laser pulse, objectives of various dimensions such as dot, line width, and layers can be easily embedded in the glass by one simple process. In addition, the embedded microstructures can be made with less contamination. Finally, the optical performance of the glasses with various configurations is measured using a Spectra Colorometer (Photo Research PR650) and compared with the simulated results.     

Effect of passive plates on vertical instability in the EAST tokamak

The effect of passive plates on vertical displacement control in the EAST tokamak is investigated by open loop experiments and numerical simulations based on a rigid displacement model.The experiments and simulations indicate that the vertical instability growth rate is reduced by a factor of about 2 in the presence of the passive plates,where the adjacent segments are not connected to each other.The simulations also show that the vertical instability growth rate is reduced by a factor of about 10 if all adjacent segments on each passive plate loop are connected to each other.The operational window is greatly enlarged with the passive plates.     

3D finite element simulation of explosive welding of three-layer plates

A 3D finite element model of the explosive welding process of three-layer plates with materials of steel-copper-copper is established. Based on the presented model, the bonding mechanism is simulated and analyzed, different detonation modes are also comparatively studied to indicate the driving force spread in few microseconds. The results show that the three layer plates bond together after many times of impact between the flyers and the base driven by detonation wave, which is damping rapidly at each impa...     

In situ X‐ray data collection and structure phasing of protein crystals at Structural Biology Center 19‐ID

A prototype of a 96‐well plate scanner for in situ data collection has been developed at the Structural Biology Center (SBC) beamline 19‐ID, located at the Advanced Photon Source, USA. The applicability of this instrument for protein crystal diffraction screening and data collection at ambient temperature has been demonstrated. Several different protein crystals, including selenium‐labeled, were used for data collection and successful SAD phasing. Without the common procedure of crystal handling and subsequent cryo‐cooling for data collection at T = 100 K, crystals in a crystallization buffer show remarkably low mosaicity (<0.1°) until deterioration by radiation damage occurs. Data presented here show that cryo‐cooling can cause some unexpected structural changes. Based on the results of this study, the integration of the plate scanner into the 19‐ID end‐station with automated controls is being prepared. With improvement of hardware and software, in situ data collection will become available for the SBC user program including remote access.     

基于平行玻璃板的半导体激光器阵列光束整形

为得到质量均衡的大功率激光束,分别以条形和面阵半导体激光器为模型,基于平行玻璃板对光束的偏移作用,对准直后激光束进行分割和重排,并在Zemax软件中进行了仿真。条形半导体激光器初始发散角为40和10,整形前已准直光束快慢轴方向的光参数积分别为0.455 2 mmmrad和20.484 mmmrad,光束质量相差较大,整形后快慢轴方向光参数积分别为2.731 2 mmmrad和3.414 0 mmmrad,实现了快慢轴方向光束质量均衡。利用平行玻璃板消除面阵半导体激光器中存在的发光死区,整形后快慢轴方向光参数积分别为7.002 mmmrad和10.242 mmmrad ,整形系统耦合效率为90.13%。     

单色仪转角重复精度的相位板衍射准直方法测量

为准确测量上海光源软X射线谱学显微光束线采用的变包含角平面光栅单色仪的转角重复精度,提出了一种新的基于相位板衍射准直技术的测量方法.该方法将半导体激光单模光纤和相位板衍射准直技术结合起来,利用面阵CCD采集图像,通过测量光斑的位移变化确定平面镜和光栅的角度变化.实验表明.该方法可以测量掠入射情况下单色仪联动时的转角重复精度,测量精度可达士0.1",此测量精度优于同等实验条件下的商用ELCOMAT 3000自准直仪的测量精度.     

Wavenumber space and physical space responses of a periodically ribbed plate to a point drive: A discrete approach

An efficient technique to estimate the vibration of and sound radiation from a stiffened fluid-loaded plate excited by a mechanical point force is presented. The process is based on the formulation in the wavenumber domain of the transversal displacement of the plate and of the acoustic pressure in the fluid domain. Analytical expressions can be easily obtained for these fields in the case of an infinite plate with stiffeners uniformly spaced. The approach consists then on using the discrete Fourier Transform to deduce the associated fields in the physical space. This transform necessitates truncation of the wavenumber domain and sampling of these wavenumber fields with adequate criterions to avoid loss of information and aliasing. These criterions are discussed in this paper concerning displacement point results on the plate and pressure point results in a part of the fluid domain “close to” the plate. This technique requires relatively small computing time and provides an efficient tool to analyse the vibro-acoustic behaviour of the stiffened plate, both, in the physical and the wavenumber spaces. A comparison between a case discussed in the literature and some examples are presented to illustrate the validity and interests of this approach.