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101.
Yutaro Yamagata Tomoko Emura Kumi Hidaka Prof.Dr. Hiroshi Sugiyama Prof.Dr. Masayuki Endo 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(16):5494-5498
In the present study, we demonstrate single‐molecule imaging of triple helix formation in DNA nanostructures. The binding of the single‐molecule third strand to double‐stranded DNA in a DNA origami frame was examined using two different types of triplet base pairs. The target DNA strand and the third strand were incorporated into the DNA frame, and the binding of the third strand was controlled by the formation of Watson–Crick base pairing. Triple helix formation was monitored by observing the structural changes in the incorporated DNA strands. It was also examined using a photocaged third strand wherein the binding of the third strand was directly observed using high‐speed atomic force microscopy during photoirradiation. We found that the binding of the third strand could be controlled by regulating duplex formation and the uncaging of the photocaged strands in the designed nanospace. 相似文献
102.
103.
《Operations Research Letters》2020,48(6):763-769
This study develops and evaluates methods for inverse integer optimization problems with an imperfect observation where the unknown parameters are the cost coefficients. We propose a cutting plane algorithm for this problem and compare it to a heuristic which solves the inverse of the linear relaxation of the forward problem. We then propose a hybrid approach that initializes the cutting plane algorithm from the solution of the heuristic. 相似文献
104.
In variational data assimilation a least‐squares objective function is minimised to obtain the most likely state of a dynamical system. This objective function combines observation and prior (or background) data weighted by their respective error statistics. In numerical weather prediction, data assimilation is used to estimate the current atmospheric state, which then serves as an initial condition for a forecast. New developments in the treatment of observation uncertainties have recently been shown to cause convergence problems for this least‐squares minimisation. This is important for operational numerical weather prediction centres due to the time constraints of producing regular forecasts. The condition number of the Hessian of the objective function can be used as a proxy to investigate the speed of convergence of the least‐squares minimisation. In this paper we develop novel theoretical bounds on the condition number of the Hessian. These new bounds depend on the minimum eigenvalue of the observation error covariance matrix and the ratio of background error variance to observation error variance. Numerical tests in a linear setting show that the location of observation measurements has an important effect on the condition number of the Hessian. We identify that the conditioning of the problem is related to the complex interactions between observation error covariance and background error covariance matrices. Increased understanding of the role of each constituent matrix in the conditioning of the Hessian will prove useful for informing the choice of correlated observation error covariance matrix and observation location, particularly for practical applications. 相似文献
105.
106.
THEORETICALCALCULATIONOFATOMICANDMOLECULARDATAPeiChunchuanPurpleMountainObservatoryAcademiaSinicaNanjing210008ABSTRACTByusin... 相似文献
107.
采用连续定位观测的研究方法,对豫南低山区天然落叶阔叶林土壤水分变化规律进行了研究.结果表明,10cm,20cm,30cm,50cm四个不同测定深度处的土壤水分随季节变化均发生明显的周期性变异,土壤水分含量50cm20cm30cm10cm;变异幅度随深度增加而增加,即50cm30cm20cm10cm;垂直变化差异显著.土壤水分含量与降雨量存在显著的回归关系,10cm,20cm,30cm,50cm四个测定深度土壤水分含量与降雨量的线性回归方程相关系数分别达到0.727,0.772,0.786,0.626. 相似文献
108.
为揭示“高端备课”项目下教师与学生行为互动的关键特征,研究采用视频分析法及滞后序列分析法(LSA)对2019年高端备课项目中“离子反应”课堂中的师生交互行为、比率、教师语言、师生操作技术以及教师与学生之间的交互行为等进行量化与质性分析。研究发现,高端备课更加关注学生对于本源性认识问题的科学认识逻辑,以传授核心观念建构以及基于学生认识发展为本为理念,由知识解析为本向促进学生认识发展转变,通过师生思维不断碰撞的过程促进学生知识迁移与应用,为常态化课堂优化提供了参考路径。 相似文献
109.
Yuki Muramatsu Akinori Takasu Masahiro Higuchi Mikihiro Hayashi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2020,58(20):2936-2942
1,3-Di-tert-butylimidazol-2-ylidene (NHCtBu), which is one of the typical N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), was found to initiate the anionic chain-growth polymerization of methyl sorbate (MS) in toluene at −20°C. The polymerization was accelerated by an aluminum Lewis acid, that is, methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) (MAD), to afford cyclic poly(MS)s. Subsequently, thiol-ene click reactions of poly(MS)s with two different alkanethiols were performed using a photoradical initiator to obtain graft-like polymers, which was for the microscopic observation of the chains directly by transmittance electron microscope (TEM). The contamination of linear polymers was hardly observed. This means that the polymers synthesized by our synthetic strategy were indeed cyclic polymers. We also compared the theoretical and experimental chain diameter and width for the graft-like cyclic polymers, where these values were dependent on the molecular weight of the cyclic polymers regulated by the feed monomer/initiator ratio and length of the alkanethiols, respectively. 相似文献
110.
A. Favini 《Numerical Functional Analysis & Optimization》2013,34(11-12):1252-1275
In this paper, we consider a distributed system that represents a diffusion process. We assume that sources of “signals”, for example, source of inquinants, have a known and accessible position. We show that it is possible to monitor the concentration of inquinants to on-line reconstruct the rate of immission. 相似文献