Using stochastic optimization to determine threshold values for the control of unreliable manufacturing systems

A manufacturing system with two tandem machines producing one part type is considered in this work. The machines are unreliable, each having two states, up and down. Both surplus controls and Kanban systems are considered. Algorithms for approximating the optimal threshold values are developed. First, perturbation analysis techniques are employed to obtain consistent gradient estimates based on a single simulation run. Then, iterative algorithms of the stochastic optimization type are constructed. It is shown that the algorithms converge to the optimal threshold values in an appropriate sense. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the performance of the algorithms.The research of these authors was supported in part by grants from URIF, MRCO, National Science Foundation, and Wayne State University. The authors would like to thank Dr. X. R. Cao, Digital Equipment Corporation, for the valuable initial discussion and Dr. X. Y. Zhou, University of Toronto, for his helpful comments.     

鬼成像中一些数学问题

鬼成像是一种与传统成像方式不同的通过光场涨落的高阶关联获得图像信息的新型成像方式。近年来,相比传统成像方式,鬼成像所拥有的一些优点如高灵敏度、超分辨能力、抗散射等,使其在遥感、多光谱成像、热X射线衍射成像等领域得到广泛研究。随着对鬼成像的广泛研究,数学理论和方法在其中发挥的作用愈显突出。例如,基于压缩感知理论,可以进行鬼成像系统采样方式优化、图像重构算法设计及图像重构质量分析等研究工作。本文旨在探索鬼成像中的一些有趣的数学问题,主要包括:系统预处理方法、光场优化及相位恢复问题。对这些问题的研究既可以丰富鬼成像理论,又能推动它在实际应用中的发展。     

Optimal control of coupled spin dynamics: design of NMR pulse sequences by gradient ascent algorithms

In this paper, we introduce optimal control algorithm for the design of pulse sequences in NMR spectroscopy. This methodology is used for designing pulse sequences that maximize the coherence transfer between coupled spins in a given specified time, minimize the relaxation effects in a given coherence transfer step or minimize the time required to produce a given unitary propagator, as desired. The application of these pulse engineering methods to design pulse sequences that are robust to experimentally important parameter variations, such as chemical shift dispersion or radiofrequency (rf) variations due to imperfections such as rf inhomogeneity is also explained.     

Finite element acoustic simulation based shape optimization of a muffler

This paper describes a methodology which combines finite element analysis and Zoutendijk’s feasible directions method for mufflers shape design. The main goal is to obtain the dimensions of the acoustic muffler with the transmission loss (TL), being maximized in the frequency range of interest. The improved four parameters method is used for TL evaluations and the Helmholtz’s equation is solved numerically with the finite element method (FEM). The quadratic triangular finite element meshes are adequately constructed to control the pollution error and the optimization problem is solved using the Zoutendijk’s feasible directions method due to robustness and efficiency for problems with nonlinear constraints. Numeric experiments performed with circular expansion chambers with extended inlet and outlet show results for constrained and unconstrained shape optimization.     

基于实时双光路校正的分光测色仪优化设计

设计了一种基于实时双光路校准的分光测色仪结构,在现有双光路设计中加入校准光源对主光路和辅助光路进行实时双光路校准.构建算法对由温度变化引起的传感器响应效率变化进行修正,并设计实验在不同温度下对仪器采样稳定性进行评价.实验表明,采用了实时双光路校正仪器的工作温度从10℃变化至30℃后,测量数据稳定性标准偏差小于等于0.03,最大偏差小于等于0.04,相对于现有技术方案有显著改善.     

测发控系统方舱结构研究

把航天装备送入空间的快速发射,对测发控系统提出了便捷、移动要求;目前现役运载火箭测发控系统状态是系统复杂、难以移动,已不适应当前航天装备快速送入空间的发展,为此提出一种新型移动式测发控系统方舱结构模式;该模式采取了遵循设备集成原则,通过使用方舱、线缆铺设、人机工程优化等先进设计理念与方法来实现测发控系统快速、可移动的要求,同时解决了该系统原先存在多方面存在的问题;通过长期对系统方舱结构的研究工作,研发出通过采用“设备集成、线缆集中铺设、人机工程优化、方舱结构为平台”等先进技术的新型移动快速测发控系统方舱结构系统,为实现系统快速、可移动要求提供了技术基础;该系统经过工程使用,实现了新一代运载火箭快速简易测发控的目标。     

Beiträge der Radiotracertechnik zur Rationalisierung einer großtechnischen Anlage zur Caprolactamproduktion

This paper reviews ways in which radioactive tracer techniques can he used to improve the efficiency of a caprolactam production plant, Residence time spectra and material distributions in different parts of the plant were measured by application of sodium 24, bromine 82 and technetium 99m. The investigations led to improved cumeneoxidators and gave useful informations on the catalytic decomposition of the phenolic tar and the hydrogenation process of phenol. It could he shown that the construction of the lactam extractor must he varied and the results of the tracerexperiments made in the distillation unit contributed to a higher quality of the final product.     

Radiotracer Investigation of the Copper Ore Concentration Process

One of the most difficult operations for control and identification in copper ore concentration process is grain classification in hydrocyclone batteries. In the paper radiotracer investigations of the classification process immediately give values of hydrocyclones parameters with higher accuracy than obtained from conventional methods. Presented paper includes the results of the investigation which was carried out in “Lubin” Copper Mine in Poland.     

Optimization of Neutrino Oscillation Parameters Using Differential Evolution

We show how the traditional grid based method for finding neutrino oscillation parameters m2 and tan 2θ can be combined with an optimization technique,Differential Evolution(DE),to get a significant decrease in computer processing time required to obtain minimal chi-square(χ2) in four different regions of the parameter space.We demonstrate efficiency for the two-neutrinos case.For this,the χ2 function for neutrino oscillations is evaluated for grids with different density of points in standard allowed regions of the parameter space of m2 and tan 2θ using experimental and theoretical total event rates of chlorine(Homestake),Gallex+GNO,SAGE,Superkamiokande,and SNO detectors.We find that using DE in combination with the grid based method with small density of points can produce the results comparable with the one obtained using high density grid,in much lesser computation time.     

基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器参数优化

针对传统PID控制器参数优化费时且不能保证获得最佳性能,提出一种基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器参数优化方法。布谷鸟搜索算法(CS)具有参数少、搜索能力强等特点,但是标准布谷鸟搜索算法参数采用固定值,极大地影响了算法的性能,因此提出了动态布谷鸟搜索算法(DCS),DCS算法采用动态参数,算法性能明显改善。仿真试验结果表明基于动态布谷鸟搜索算法的PID控制器具有较好的控制性能指标。