手性流动相添加剂法拆分氧氟沙星对映体的热力学研究

采用配位体金属离子交换剂作为手性流动相添加剂,以L-苯丙氨酸和硫酸铜溶液为手性配体流动相,考察了293~313K温度范围内,氧氟沙星对映体在C18高效液相色谱柱上拆分的热力学性质。结果表明,在实验范围内,随着温度的升高,对映体的保留时间、分离度和选择性因子均减少;用lnk′对1/T作图,得Van’t Hoff曲线具有良好的线性关系,相关系数R0.999。计算了氧氟沙星对映体在色谱柱分离的焓变、焓变差值和熵变差值等热力学参数。在实验温度范围内,氧氟沙星对映体满足︱△S,R△H0︱︱T△S,R△S0︱,说明手性拆分过程为焓控过程。     

The application of multielemental analysis in the elaboration of technology of mineral feed additives based on Lemna minor biomass

Supplementation of microelements (Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr) to livestock diet is of particular concern. There are various mineral feed additives available on the market. The most frequently used are inorganic feed additives, characterized with low bioavailability and high toxicity. Also, organic feed additives are used, including amino acids chelates, in which bioavailability was greatly improved and toxicity reduced. The problem is high price of these products. Therefore, there is the need to search for new biological mineral feed additives with designed composition, that would be characterized with high bioavailability, low toxicity, low cost and that would also possess a nutritional value. Such a possibility offers biological materials. It was found that biomaterials have metal-binding capabilities. Metal ions may be bound to biomass via either biosorption or bioaccumulation process.

When elaborating technology of the production of feed additives, containing simultaneously various elements, it is necessary to use the tool of multielemental analysis in order to simultaneously analyze the content of Mn, Zn, Cu, Cr. In the present work, ICP-OES multielemental analysis was used to investigate the process of production of mineral feed additives based on the biomass of aquatic plant Lemna minor. The effectiveness of the processes of biosorption and bioaccumulation of microelements by an aquatic plant L. minor was studied. The mechanism of the process as well as equilibrium was investigated with the use of multielemental analysis by ICP-OES Vista-MPX instrument from Varian (Australia).     

一种快速凝固AB2型储氢合金的球磨改性

通过熔纺（melt-spinning）法制备了Zr0.9Ti0.1（Ni0.57V0.1Mn0.28C0.05）2.1合金，并与C03Mo混合球磨以改善其动力学性能结果发现，经过球磨，储红合金与作为催化剂的Co3Mo接触更加紧密，电化学容量和活化性能得到明显改善交流阻抗测试表明，球磨大大改善了合金的表面活性．但长时间的球磨可使合金进一步非晶化，导致容量及活性的下降．实验结果还表明，将快速凝固合金与具有电催化作用的Co3Mo球磨得到的电极材料，其活性要高于合金与只作为导体的铜粉进行球磨或在无添加剂条件下进行球磨得到的电极材料．     

Analysis of flame retardant additives in polymer fractions of waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) by means of HPLC-UV/MS and GPC-HPLC-UV

An HPLC-UV/MS method has been developed to identify and quantify flame retardants in post-consumer plastics from waste of electric and electronic equipment (WEEE). Atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation spectra of 15 brominated and phosphate-based flame retardants were recorded and interpreted. The method was applied to detect flame retardant additives in polymer extracts obtained from pressurised liquid extraction of solid polymers. In addition, a screening method was developed for soluble styrene polymers to isolate a flame retardant fraction through the application of gel permeation chromatography (GPC). This fraction was transferred to an online-coupled HPLC column and detected by UV spectroscopy, which allowed a reliable qualitative and quantitative analysis of brominated flame retardants in the polymer solutions.     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定保健食品中21种非法添加化合物

建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱同时测定保健食品中21种非法添加化合物的方法。样品用乙腈超声提取后，采用HLB固相萃取小柱净化，经Waters BEH C18色谱柱（100 mm×2.1 mm，1.7 μm）分离，以10 mmol/L乙酸铵和甲醇为流动相进行梯度洗脱，采用电喷雾电离（ESI）源，在多反应监测模式下检测。结果表明，21种非法添加化合物均呈良好的线性关系，相关系数均≥0.995，不同基质的检出限为3~160 μg/kg，回收率为61.8%~109.3%，相对标准偏差为1.6%~14.7%。该方法可用于减肥类、降脂类、降糖类、降压类保健食品中21种非法添加药物的同时测定。     

Effect of glyoxylic oxime ether on radical polymerization of styrene

Methyl benzyloxyiminoacetate (MBOIA), a glyoxylic oxime ether, revealed different behaviors depending on the kinds of monomers used in the radical polymerization. MBOIA served as a retarder for styrene (St) and an inhibitor for vinyl acetate, whereas it showed little effect on the polymerization of methyl methacrylate. The retardation effect of MBOIA on the polymerization of St with dimethyl 2,2′‐azobisisobutyrate (MAIB) was examined in detail in benzene. The rate constant (k_x) of the reaction of MBOIA with polystyrene (PS) radical was 92 L/mol s at 50 °C, 112 L/mol s at 60 °C, and 143 L/mol s at 70 °C, indicating that the reactivity of MBOIA toward PS radical is less than that of St by a factor of about 3. The Arrhenius plot of k_x gave an activation energy of 20.3 kJ/mol. A nitrogen‐centered radical of a stationary state was observed by electron spin resonance (ESR) in the polymerization of St with MAIB at 60 °C in benzene in the presence of MBOIA, which is assignable to the radical (MBOIA ·) formed by addition of PS radical to MBOIA. The stationary MBOIA · concentration increased with increasing MBOIA concentration and then tended to be saturated at high concentrations. The rate constant of termination between MBOIA · radicals was 1.87 × l0⁵ L/mol s at 60 °C with ESR. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 40: 2772–2781, 2002     

Quantitative analysis of polymer additives in low density polyethylene using supercritical fluid extraction/supercritical fluid chromatography

Analysis of low concentration polymer additives has been a challenging problem. The commonly used methods of analysis involve the initial extraction of polymer additives with solvents, often in a Soxhlet apparatus, followed by liquid, size exclusion, or gas chromatography. This paper describes the on-line super-critical fluid extraction (SFE)-supercritical fluid chromatographic (SFC) determination of different additives from low density polyethylene. Cryogenic collection was used as an interface between SFE and SFC to focus the extraction eluate before transfer to an analytical SFC column for quantitative analysis.     

Temperature‐Programmed Packed Capillary Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Fourier‐Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

Temperature‐programmed packed capillary liquid chromatography has been coupled off‐line to Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, utilizing a commercially available interface with a pneumatic nebulizer rebuilt to handle low flow rates at elevated temperatures. The modified interface showed excellent performance with regard to non‐aqueous reversed phase separations of polymer additives, resulting in constructed Gram‐Schmidt chromatograms comparable to chromatograms obtained using UV detection. The spray of the in‐house constructed nebulizer was not influenced by temperature changes of the column effluent, and hence temperature‐programmed gradient separations could be used successfully. The relative standard deviation of peak height was 4.4% (n = 5) and the mass limit of detection was determined to be about 40 ng, using a polymer antioxidant as model compound. The present instrumental coupling has been used for characterization of the antioxidant Irgafos P‐EPQ.     

新添加剂下KDP晶体快速生长及其性能表征

我们使用优级纯的KH2PO4和超纯水(电阻率≥18.2MΩ·cm)为原料,采用新的添加剂KCl(氯化钾)及EDTA钾盐,使生长溶液的稳定性得到提高,在5L生长槽内生长出51mm×54mm×40mm的KDP单晶,生长速度达到15～20mm/d,并检测了快速生长晶体的重要的应用性能,发现与高质量慢速生长晶体性能相当,可以达到使用要求.     

磷钨酸-有机酸性助剂催化氧化环己酮合成己二酸

以磷钨酸-有机酸性助剂为催化体系,催化30%H2O2氧化环己酮合成己二酸。环己酮100 mol,n(磷钨酸)∶n(有机酸性助剂)∶n(环己酮)∶n(H2O2)=1∶10∶400∶2 000时,使用有机酸性助剂调节磷钨酸催化活性,结果表明以磷钨酸-酒石酸钾钠氧化环己酮效果最优,反应8 h时己二酸分离产率达93.1%;单独以磷钨酸为催化剂时,产率62.5%。以4-氨基安替比林或酒石酸钾钠为有机酸性助剂时,随反应时间的延长,产率一般会升高。磷钨酸-酒石酸钾钠和磷钨酸-4-氨基安替比林催化体系重复使用5次后,产率仍分别达到87.1%和80.6%。