纳米静态随机存储器低能质子单粒子翻转敏感性研究

针对65, 90, 250 nm三种不同特征尺寸的静态随机存储器基于国内和国外质子加速器试验平台, 获取了从低能到高能完整的质子单粒子翻转截面曲线. 试验结果表明, 对于纳米器件1 MeV以下低能质子所引起的单粒子翻转截面比高能质子单粒子翻转饱和截面最高可达3个数量级. 采用基于试验数据和器件信息相结合的方法, 构建了较为精确的复合灵敏体积几何结构模型, 在此基础上采用蒙特卡罗方法揭示了低能质子穿过多层金属布线层, 由于能量岐离使展宽能谱处于布拉格峰值的附近, 通过直接电离方式将能量集中沉积在灵敏体积内, 是导致单粒子翻转截面峰值的根本原因. 并针对某一轨道环境预估了低能质子对空间质子单粒子翻转率的贡献.     

超极化气体氙-129的低场NMR测量

在自旋交换光泵过程中,多种参数可能会影响到最终可获得的超极化气体氙-129核自旋极化度.通过低场(0.002 T)核磁共振(NMR)系统研究了连续流动工作模式的自旋交换光泵过程,当混合工作气体流量为0.3 SLPM和0.5 SLPM时,实验测量得到最佳光泵泡工作温度;对于同位素富集和自然丰度的氙-129气体,核自旋极化度的建立时间分别为15 min和22 min.由于混合工作气体的压力以及组分会导致铷原子吸收线的频移和展宽,并且影响到其线型,实验通过低场NMR系统测量确定了用于自旋交换光泵的最佳激光工作波长.低场NMR测量为获得具有高核自旋极化度的超极化气体氙-129,并且能够用于人体肺部MRI研究提供了实验依据.     

三维可压缩Boltzmann模型及其在低Mach数湍流中的应用

改进了有限差分格子Boltzmann方法(FDLBM),以直接数值模拟气动噪声.基于LB求解器特性,采用动力学方程中的恒定对流速度以实施高阶迎风差分,提高了声波和湍流的分辨率.通过建立一个新的三维粒子模型,计算得到了任意比热容的三维可压缩Navier-Stokes系统.此外,利用Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK)碰撞算子,通过引入热流量修正,实现了Prandtl数的可变性.在激波管内弱声波以及伴随有温度梯度的Taylor-Couette层流的验证计算中,提出的新方法结果良好.此外也对NACA0012翼型绕流进行了三维模拟.其中,Reynolds数、Mach数和攻角分别取2× 105,8.75×10-2以及9°.计算发现,在机翼前缘附近的分离气流位置,以及表面压力波动强度的Maeh数依赖性方面,数值计算结果与实验结果相吻合.     

椰壳活性炭氧化后负载硅基复合氧化物低温脱硝催化剂的研究

椰壳活性炭经硝酸氧化处理后做载体,采用浸渍法负载含SiO_2的复合氧化物,用做低温脱硝催化剂.在锰氧化物中添加Ti O2,可以提高催化剂的抗硫性能,但低温脱硝活性降低.然而在锰氧化物中添加SiO_2,不仅提高了催化剂的抗硫性能,而且也提高了脱硝活性.TEM结果表明加入SiO_2可以有效的减小复合氧化物晶粒尺寸,更提高了其在载体上的分散度.NH_3-TPD结果显示加入SiO_2后催化剂表面酸性显著增强.XPS分析发现加入SiO_2还增大了催化剂表面Mn~(4+)的相对含量.此外,经硝酸氧化处理过的椰壳活性炭,表面含氧基团增加,从而也大大提高了对NH_3及NO的吸附容量.在相同脱硝条件下,与原料活性炭负载的催化剂比较,硝酸氧化处理后的活性炭负载的催化剂具有更高的脱硝效率.     

低温共熔物对煤灰熔融温度影响的研究

以中国中西部地区59个典型煤样为研究对象,研究了熔融温度与煤灰中常见低温共熔物和除低温共熔物以外的化学组分的关系,分析了软化温度高于等于1 500℃时煤灰的化学组成。提出将低温共熔物等引入回归分析中,合理对煤灰化学组分进行分组,拟合得到了预测煤灰熔融温度的计算式,计算式兼顾了矿物组成和化学组成对熔融温度的影响,对108种煤样进行预测,90%预测值误差小于5%,在1 300-1 400℃,预测值误差小于2.4%。同时,提出了判断煤灰软化温度不低于1 500℃的充分必要条件:0.9≤Si O2/A12O3≤1.8且Si O2+A12O3≥78%,167种煤样中154种煤样可以用该判据进行准确判断,准确性为92.2%。     

Homogeneous alignment of liquid crystals on low-temperature solution-derived gallium oxide films via IB irradiation method

In this paper, solution-derived gallium oxide (GaO) films are fabricated for the homogeneous alignment of liquid crystals (LCs) after an ion-beam (IB) irradiation process. GaO thin films are prepared under a variety of temperatures and different IB irradiation intensities, and the physicochemical performances of the fabricated GaO thin films are analysed using a UV-vis spectrometer, an atomic force microscope, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A higher transmittance of 85.40% from GaO thin film is obtained compared with that of polyimide (PI) film (83.52%), which indicates the feasibility for a GaO thin layer to substitute for a conventional PI layer as an alignment layer. LCs are found to align on the GaO thin film after pre-baking at 100°C and homogeneous and uniform low-IB intensity irradiation. We also determined the electro-optical (EO) characteristics of the twisted nematic (TN) cells fabricated with GaO thin layers and found them to be similar to those of cells fabricated with PI layers. Overall, GaO films achieved via the IB irradiation method are promising LC alignment layers due to the method’s low-temperature solution-derived process.     

外加铁矿石对哈密低阶煤热解特性影响

为探讨铁矿石对哈密低阶煤热解特性影响,采用热重分析仪(thermal gravity analysis/differential thermal gravity,TG/DTG)和实验室固定床反应器(fixed bed)对哈密低阶煤进行热解实验,研究了两种铁矿石对哈密煤热解反应性、热解气和焦油分布规律的影响。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)和色谱-质谱分析仪(GC-MS)对焦油中官能团的变化以及焦油中物质组成进行了分析对比。结果表明,当热解温度从室温升高至150℃时,原煤中添加铁矿石的煤样失重速率峰逐渐向高温阶段推移;当热解温度高于450℃时,不同铁矿石对原煤热解的催化作用差异更加明显,且镜铁矿原生矿物质赤铁矿;当两种铁矿石添加量分别为20%时,热解焦油和热解气都能得到较高的收率;对于煤样HM-JT来说,此时焦油产率为7.88%,热解气相产物H_2、CO_2、CH_4、CO产率与未添加镜铁矿的原煤煤样相比分别提高了4.27%、3.76%、4.39%、3.61%。对于煤样HM-CT来说,焦油催化裂解效果一直受到铁矿石添加量的影响。在镜铁矿和赤铁矿添加量分别增加到20%的过程中,煤样热解生成焦油的产率逐渐下降,而轻质焦油产率和轻质焦油分数逐渐增大到6.37%、58.48%、5.34%、56.22%,焦油中氧脱除率分别达到43.16%、36.89%。随着铁矿石的加入,焦油中二甲苯相对含量由4.32%分别降低至3.78%、3.93%,而甲苯相对含量由1.11%升高至1.32%、1.45%;焦油中邻甲酚和二甲酚中分子中的甲基取代基被脱除生成苯酚或甲酚,且镜铁矿对焦油中苯系物和酚类化合物的脱甲基作用强于赤铁矿。     

Existence of low-molecular-weight thiols in Caenorhabditis elegans demonstrated by HPLC-fluorescene detection utilizing 7-chloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonamide

A highly sensitive and simple method using HPLC-fluorescence detection with 7-chloro-N-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole-4-sulfonamide (DAABD-Cl) as a fluorogenic reagent demonstrated the existence of the low-molecular-weight thiols in the extract of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The method includes derivatization of the thiols with DAABD-Cl at 40 degrees C for 10 min in borate buffer (pH 9.0) containing TCEP, CHAPS and EDTA, separation of the derivatives on an ODS column and fluorometric determination of the derivatives at 510 +/- 15 nm with excitation at 400 +/- 15 nm. The identification of the thiols was made by HPLC-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-MS) following isolation of the derivatives using HPLC-fluorescence detection. Low-molecular-weight thiols were found to exist in the extract of C. elegans, such as cysteine, cysteinylglycine, gamma-glutamylcysteine, reduced glutathione and two other unidentified thiol compounds, confirming the existence of the 'glutathione cycle' in C. elegans similar to the mammalian body.     

Model Studies on the Ozone-Mediated Synthesis of Cobalt Oxide Nanoparticles from Dicobalt Octacarbonyl in Ionic Liquids

Low-temperature synthesis in ionic liquids (ILs) offers an efficient route for the preparation of metal oxide nanomaterials with tailor-made properties in a water-free environment. In this work, we investigated the role of 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [C₄C₁Pyr][NTf₂] in the synthesis of cobalt oxide nanoparticles from the molecular precursor Co₂(CO)₈ with ozone. We performed a model study in ultra-clean, ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRAS) using Au(111) as a substrate. Exposure of the pure precursor to ozone at low temperatures results in the oxidation of the first layers, leading to the formation of a disordered Co_xO_y passivation layer. Similar protection to ozone is also achieved by deposition of an IL layer onto a precursor film prior to ozone exposure. With increasing temperature, the IL gets permeable for ozone and a cobalt oxide film forms at the IL/precursor interface. We show that the interaction with the IL mediates the oxidation and leads to a more densely packed Co_xO_y film compared to a direct oxidation of the precursor.     

Physical,Chemical and Rheological Characterization of Tuber and Starch from Ceiba aesculifolia subsp. parvifolia

This work aimed to evaluate the physical, chemical and antioxidant properties of Ceiba aesculifolia subsp. parvifolia (CAP) tuber and determinate rheological, thermal, physicochemical and morphological properties of the starch extracted. The CAP tuber weight was 3.66 kg; the edible yield was 82.20%. The tuber presented a high hardness value (249 N). The content of carbohydrates (68.27%), crude fiber (15.61%) and ash (9.27%) from the isolated starch, reported in dry weight, were high. Phenolic compounds and flavonoid content of CAP tuber peel were almost 3-fold higher concerning the pulp. CAP tuber starch exhibited a pseudoplastic behavior and low viscosity at concentrations of 5–15%. Purity percentage and color parameters describe the isolated starch as high purity. Thermal characteristics indicated a higher degree of intermolecular association within the granule. Pasting properties describes starch with greater resistance to heat and shear. CAP tuber starch has X-ray diffraction patterns type A. The starch granules were observed as oval and diameters ranging from 5 to 30 µm. CAP tuber could be a good source of fiber and minerals, while its peel could be used for extracting bioactive compounds. Additionally, the starch separated from this tuber could be employed as a thickening agent in food systems requiring a low viscosity and subjected to high temperatures.