利用帧积分法去除微光图像噪声研究

在微光成像中，迭加在图像上的时空域噪声，不仅限制了系统可工作的最低照度，而且使显示图像具有随机蠕动颗粒闪烁的外观。图像处理技术能够提高图像质量，增强微光成像系统作用距离。实验证明，帧积分法对光子噪声以及系统内部信息载流子产生与复合所引起的散粒噪声的抑制有十分有效的作用。     

低温煤焦油常渣C5沥青质的分离与表征

从低温煤焦油中蒸馏提取出大于350℃的常渣,以正戊烷、正戊烷+5%乙醇、正戊烷+5%异丙醇三种溶剂沉淀沥青质。通过1H-NMR、13C-NMR、傅里叶变换离子回旋共振质谱仪(FT-ICR MS)、元素分析和相对分子量测定等手段对重组分沥青质的结构参数、杂原子化合物的分布等方面进行了分析,构建含杂原子的平均分子结构模型。结果表明,乙醇和异丙醇的加入可以显著降低C5-沥青质的收率,所得沥青质的芳香性增强,平均分子量增大,为更高缩合度的具有较短侧链的结构;极性溶剂的加入没有改变沥青质中杂原子化合物的类型,但是O1和O2中一部分低缩合度的化合物转移到可溶质中,O3-O6化合物的相对丰度增大,表明混合溶剂有利于萃取低缩合度的化合物。     

基于局部线性变换的色阶映射算法

为了提高高动态图像显示的视觉效果,提出了一种基于局部线性变换的色阶映射算法。针对图像直接线性压缩能力较差的缺点,本文提出一种局部的线性变换模型。由于局部窗的结构,是利用局部窗的中心像素点与窗内的其他像素点的均值,方差的关系构造而成,因此基于局部线性变换的色阶映射算法能够抑制由具有高对比度的图像边缘所引起的鬼影和光晕现象。首先,根据线性变换将图像的色阶映射转换为求解泛函的最优解;其次,通过推导求解出线性变换的参数并将泛函最优化问题转换为求解一个线性方程组问题;最后求解线性方程组,得出视觉效果较好的低动态范围图像。有效避免传统色阶映射出现的光晕和亮度不连续的现象,能够更多的保留高动态图像的细节。最后通过实验结果对比分析,通过信息熵和对比度两个参数可以体现文中算法较好。     

The possibility of the decomposition of 2'-deoxyribose moiety of thymidine induced by the low energy electron attachment

To evaluate the possibility of the decomposition of 2-deoxyribose moiety of thymidine induced by low energy electrons (LEE) attachment, the transition states and the energy barriers of the bond breaking processes of the ribose of the nucleoside have been studied theoretically by applying the density functional theory with the double zeta basis sets (DZP++). The energy barriers for the breakage of the C-C bonds (C(1')-C(2'), C(2')-C(3'), C(3')-C(4'), and C(4')-C(5')) of the ribose group of the radical anion of thymidine are found to be high (ca. 42-57 kcal/mol). The total energies of the C-C bond-broken products are significantly higher than that of the radical anion dT(*-). The decomposition of dT(*-) through the C-C bond rupture is unlikely to take place. The rupture of the C(1')-O(4') bond of dT(*-) needs an activation energy as low as 10.4 kcal/mol. However, the reversed reaction (C(1')-O(4') bond formation) needs the activation energy low as 0.3 kcal/mol. Therefore, the intermediate product LM1(C1')-(O4') is unlikely to be stable and the C(1')-O(4') bond-broken is not favored. The activation energy of the C(4')-O(4') bond rupture process amounts to 20.5 kcal/mol. The total energy of the C(4')-O(4') bond broken product is about 6.5 kcal/mol lower than that of the reactant dT(*-). The subsequent N1-glycosidic bond breaking process is found to have a very low energy barrier. Therefore, the LEE-induced base release through the C(4')-O(4') bond rupture might be a possible pathway.     

MnOx-SnO2 Catalysts Synthesized by a Redox Coprecipitation Method for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO by NH3

MnO_x-SnO₂ composite oxides prepared by a redox coprecipitation route were tested in selective catalytic reduction of NO by NH₃ at low temperatures. The results showed that the MnO_x-SnO₂ catalyst with a Mn/(Mn+Sn) molar ratio of 75% exhibited the best performance, on which NO conversion of 100% could be achieved at temperatures of 120–200 °C. The characterization results of N₂ adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy indicated that the higher surface area, the formation of solid solution between manganese and tin oxides, and the high oxidation state manganese species were responsible for the high catalytic activity of the MnO_x-SnO₂ catalyst.     

氧化还原沉淀法制备MnOx-SnO2催化剂及其对NO的NH3选择催化还原性能

采用氧化还原共沉淀法制备了MnOx-SnO2复合氧化物,并将其用于低温NH3选择催化还原NO反应.结果表明,Mn/(Mn Sn)摩尔比为75%的催化剂具有最好的低温催化活性,在120～200℃温度范围内得到100%的NO转化率.氮吸附-脱附、X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱测试表明,高比表面积、Mn-Sn固溶体的形成和高氧化态的Mn物种是催化剂催化活性较高的主要原因.     

High spin/low spin phase transitions of a spin-crossover complex in the emulsion polymerization of trifluoroethylmethacrylate (TFEMA) using PVA as a protective colloid

We have studied the magnetic properties of an Fe(II) spin-crossover complex near its high spin/low spin (HS/LS) phase transition in the emulsion polymerization of trifluoroethylmethacrylate (TFEMA) using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a protective colloid, in comparison with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS). Morphological analysis was used to establish that the nanodispersed spin-crossover complex was incorporated into the cores of polymer particles covered with PVA shells. The obvious bi-stability of the HS/LS phase transition was considered by the identification of multiplet states such as the triplet (S = 1) and quintet (S = 2) states, and the paramagnetic state (S = 1/2), by noting a gradual shift of g-value anisotropy in the electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrum at 5 K. This was thought to have arisen from the exchange interaction as a Jahn–Teller effect in the emulsion particles. Chemical modifications such as ligand substitution, and the nature of the central metal atom in the emulsion particle, especially influenced the HS/LS phase transition.     

Organometallic chemistry of Ga(+): formation of an unusual gallium dimer in the coordination sphere of ruthenium

New insights into the distinct organometallic chemistry of the Ga(+) ion are presented. Ga(+) reacts as a strong electrophile with the electron rich ligand trismethylene-methane (C(CH(2))(3) (2-)) attached at Ru by insertion into a Ru--C bond. The resulting "gallamethylallyl" ligand behaves like strong nucleophile similar to known monovalent GaR species. This donor property leads to the dimeric structure of the product [{Ru(GaCp*)(3)[eta(3)-(CH(2))(2)C{CH(2)(mu-Ga)}]}(2)][(BAr(F))(2)] (4) (Cp*=C(5)Me(5), [BAr(F)]=[B{C(6)H(3)(CF(3))(2)}(4)]). Very unexpectedly, the two gallium ligands in this dimer are found in close vicinity to each other with a distance in the range of Ga--Ga bonds. Indeed, AIM calculations confirm a weak attractive closed shell Ga--Ga interaction. Finally, a novel example of a complex with substituent-free Ga(+) as a ligand was found in the compound [Ru(PCy(3))(2)(GaCp*)(2)(Ga)][BAr(F)] (6) (Cy=C(6)H(11), cyclohexyl), the very short Ru--Ga bond length confirming the assumption that Ga(+) represents a pure sigma/pi-accepting ligand in this case.