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181.
Richard J. Wiener Philip W. Hammer Charles E. Swanson David C. Samuels Russell J. Donnelly 《Journal of statistical physics》1991,64(5-6):913-926
Taylor-Couette flow subject to a Coriolis force is studied experimentally and numerically. In the experiment, the Couette apparatus is mounted on a turntable with the axis of the cylinders orthogonal to the rotation vector of the turntable. The Coriolis force stabilizes the fluid against the onset of Taylor vortices and alters the velocity fields, both above and below the transition from the initial flow. At small dimensionless turntable frequencies, the transition yields time-independent Taylor vortices which are tilted with respect to the cylinder axis. At larger there is a direct transition to turbulence. We determine the first-order correction to the classical Couette initial flow, to account for the effects of the Coriolis force, by expanding in powers of. We present numerical results for the axial velocity (the only nonvanishing correction term to order) in the infinite-cylinder approximation. 相似文献
182.
Summary An improved method of alanine-amino transferase determination is proposed. The reaction is carried out with alanine and 2-oxoglutarate as substrates and analysis is by HPLC on a reversed-phase chromatographic system using a C18 column and tetrabutylammonium phosphate in phosphate buffer (pH 7.0)-acetonitrile as mobile phase. The enzyme activity was determined by directly following the formation of pyruvic acid without employing any secondary reaction, which is necessary in the spectrophotometric method. The detection limit of pyruvic acid is 10 pmole l–1 and the standard deviation for the enzymatic activity of standard solutions is 5.4%. Furthermore under the chromatographic conditions selected it is possible to detect the presence of some intermediate species.Work supported by National Research Council of Italy. Presented in part at the First International Symposium on Applications of HPLC in Enzyme Chemistry, Verona, September 1990. 相似文献
183.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2022,15(12):104368
Protein hydrolysates have the potential to be natural and safer sources of bioactive peptides. In this study, two proteases were used to hydrolyze Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) protein, and the hydrolysates were then purified to yield antioxidant peptides. The degree of hydrolysis of 23.56 % and 18.14 % was obtained using papain and alcalase 2.4L, respectivly, and hydrolysates had 96.80 % and 87.24 % total amino acid content, respectivly. The papain hydrolysate (PH) and alcalase 2.4L hydrolysate (AH) showed good antioxidant activity against DPPH? (IC50 of 3.64 and 3.15 mg/mL) and ABTS?+ (IC50 of 1.92 and 1.58 mg/mL), respectively. The low-molecular-weight (<1000 Da) fraction of both hydrolysates demonstrated the highest antiradical activity (IC50 of 2.59 and 2.31 mg/mL, DPPH) and (IC50 of 1.54 and 1.36 mg/mL, ABTS), respectively. Nine peptides were separated from both hydrolysates using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The IC50 for ABTS?+ scavenging activity of peptide P5 with valine, glycine and asparagine (MW of 282.13 Da) from PH, and peptide P3 with histidine, glycine and alanine (MW of 302.74 Da) from AH was 0.89 and 0.72 mg/mL, respectively. The fractions and purified peptides obtained from Chinese sturgeon hydrolysates could be utilized as natural antioxidant substitutes in pharmaceuticals and food products. 相似文献
184.
Summary The effect of silica gel pretreatment and of different bonding techniques, on the chromatographic properties of octadecyl
bonded phases is described. The experiments show that a monomeric octadecyl bonded phase, prepared from silica gel that has
not been treated before bonding, has a poor selectivity towards polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and shows high adsorption
of basic components. Silica gel treatment before the bonding of the monofunctional silane does not give a substantial improvement.
Polymeric phases on the other hand show a much better PAH selectivity and a lower adsorptivity towards basic components. Further
improvement can be achieved with the polymeric modification if silica gel treatment is carried out before bonding. 相似文献
185.
Mark P Scott 《European Polymer Journal》2003,39(10):1947-1953
Room temperature ionic liquids (ILs) based on imidazolium salts, were found to be excellent plasticizers for poly(methyl methacrylate), with improved thermal stability, and the ability to reduce glass transition temperatures to near 0 °C. Because ILs have environmentally benign properties, they can be used in place of traditional chemicals in numerous products and processes. In this work, PMMA was formulated using dioctyl phthalate, DOP, as a traditional plasticizer, and properties were compared to PMMA plasticized with two ILs: butyl methylimidazolium/hexafluorophosphate, [bmim+][PF6−], and hexyl methylimidazolium/hexafluorophosphate, [hmim+][PF6−]. Formulations incorporated up to 30 vol.% DOP and 50 vol.% ILs. Bulk and plasticized polymers were characterized for glass transition temperature, elastic modulus, and the thermal stability of the plasticizers. 相似文献
186.
B. Kaufmann S. Souverain S. Cherkaoui P. Christen J. -L. Veuthey 《Chromatographia》2002,56(3-4):137-141
Summary A rapid analytical method has been developed for the mutual resolution of three steroidal compounds, withaferin A, iochromolide,
and withacnistin. Liquid chromatography was performed on a Chromolith analytical column (4.6 mm i.d.×50 mm), made from a cylindrical
silica rod, operated at a flow rate of 4 mL min−1 with a simple linear gradient prepared from 0.1% aqueous formic acid and 0.1% formic acid in acetonitrile. Under optimum
conditions simultaneous separation of the compounds was achieved in less than 7 min, one eighth the time required for conventional
LC separation. The overall analysis time was reduced without sacrificing chromatographic performance—essential for the resolution
of positional isomers such as iochromolide and withacnistin. The column was coupled to a single-quadrupole mass spectrometer
and the method was characterized by good performance in terms of repeatability, selectivity, linearity, and sensitivity. Detection
limits in the single-ion-monitoring mode were 0.15 μg mL−1 or below. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to the determination of withanolides in extracts fromlochroma gesnerioides obtained by three different processes—traditional Soxhlet extraction and two faster methods, microwave-assisted extraction
and pressurized solvent extraction. 相似文献
187.
The influence of the vapors ofn-amyl orn-decyl alcohol on the stability of single thin liquid films, single bubbles, and foam columns was determined. It was found that the presence of surfactant vapors lowered the stability of foams and single foam films. The mechanism of the destabilizing action of the surfactant vapors on wet, dynamic foams under dynamic conditions is discussed. It is shown that the destabilizing action of the surfactant vapors is a further indication that surface elasticity forces are the main factor determining stability of wet, dynamic foams. 相似文献
188.
This paper presents systematic investigation of the microchannel surface properties in microCE chips. Three popular materials for microCE chips, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), quartz, and glass, are used. The zeta potentials of these microchannels are calculated by measuring the EOF velocity to evaluate the surface properties after surface modification. The hydrophobic PDMS is usually plasma-treated for microCE applications. In this study, a new method using a high-throughput atmospheric plasma generator is adopted to treat the PDMS surface under atmospheric conditions. In this approach, the cost and time for surface treatment can be significantly reduced compared with the conventional vacuum plasma generator method. Experimental results indicate that new functional groups could be formed on the PDMS surface after treatment, resulting in a change in the surface property. The time-dependent surface property of the plasma-treated PDMS is then measured in terms of the zeta potential. Results show that the surface property will reach a stable condition after 1 h of plasma treatment. For glass CE chips, two new methods for changing the microchannel surface properties are developed. Instead of using complicated and time-consuming chemical silanization procedures for CE channel surface modification, two simple and reliable methods utilizing organic-based spin-on-glass and water-soluble acrylic resin are reported. The proposed method provides a fast batch process for controlling the surface properties of glass-based CE channels. The proposed methods are evaluated using PhiX-174 DNA maker separation. The experimental data show that the surface property is modified and separation efficiency greatly improved. In addition, the long-term stability of both coatings is verified in this study. The methods proposed in this study show potential as an excellent solution for glass-based microCE chip surface modification. 相似文献
189.
The Studies of the Heterogeneous Properties of Solid Surfaces by Means of the Derivatograph Q-1500 D
A simple method has been adopted to obtain an important information on the heterogeneous properties of materials studied,
adsorbed liquid films and liquid-solid interactions. The method utilizes Q-TG mass loss and the first derivative Q-DTG mass
loss curves with respect to temperature and time obtained during programmed liquid thermodesorption in quasi-isothermal conditions.
The values of the adsorption capacity, total porosity of material, the value of active centers, desorption energy distribution
and mesopore-size distribution functions obtained by this method are in good agreement with those estimated on the basis of
independent methods. The theoretical and experimental results provided novel and unique data on the heterogeneity of solid
surfaces, properties of liquid adsorbed films and thermal stability of the liquid/solid interfaces.
This paper presents the more important results obtained so far in the studies the liquid/solid systems by means of the Paulik's
classical and quasi-isothermal techniques.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
190.