Fluorogenic Probes Applied to the Study of Induced Oxidative Stress in the Human Leukemic HL60 Cell Line

Development of microspectrofluorometric methods using specific fluorogenic probes has provided precious help in studying in situ oxidative stress and cellular protective systems. The aim of this study was to determine ROS production concomitantly with a modification of the intracellular thiol pool after applying an oxidative stress to a nonadherent cell model represented by the HL60 cell line. The dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H₂DCFDA) probe assessed the kinetic production of ROS by cells submitted to the chemical oxidant t-butylhydroperoxide with a high signal/noise ratio. The probe sensitivity permitted us to detect endogenous ROS production in HL60 cells and the protective effect of N-acetyl cysteine against ROS. The chloromethylfluorescein diacetate probe (CMFDA) permitted us to evaluate the thiol depleting effect of N-ethyl maleimide. Complete thiol depletion was associated with a moderate increase in ROS production. The cell viability was determined with calcein-AM, which gave results similar to those with the tetrazolium dye. This probe was not affected by intracellular pH and did not required an extraction step, unlike tetrazolium dye. In conclusion, cell-permeant fluorogenic probes are useful and sensitive tools to determine in situ ROS production concomitantly with consecutive change in the thiol system in a living and non-adherent cell model.     

对象散全息元件产生的正交象散特性的研究

本文从理论上分析了用全息方法制作具有象散特征的一种光学元件——象散全息元件——的可能性,并得到实验上的证明.对由象散全息元件在空间正交方向上产生的象散特性作了较为仔细的研究,给出了实验结果.若用此元件代替普通象散系统,将具有使用方便,经济等优点.     

Work allocation to stations with varying learning slopes and without buffers

In this paper, we address the problem of allocating the work elements, belonging to the products of a lot, to the stations of an assembly line so as to minimize the makespan. The lots that are processed on the assembly line are characterized by a low overall demand for each product. There is no buffer permitted in between the stations, and the line operates under learning. In particular, the stations’ learning slopes are assumed to be different. We present a procedure to determine the optimal assignments of the workload to the stations under learning variability and show that it considerably affects these assignments.     

高功率粒子束及其应用

本文评价了高功率粒子束的工作原理及其应用:文中以闪光-Ⅰ强流脉冲电子束加速器为例,论述了机器的基本技术和它的工作特性 高功率粒子束目前已经应用到许多重要研究领域。包括:核辐射效应模拟源、闪光X射线照相、高功率激光器研究、惯性约束聚变、高功率微波的产生、离子集体加速等方面。 报告中简述了我国在高功率粒子束加速器建造和开拓应用方面取得的进展。 最后,也指出了高功率粒子束技术今后发展有关的研究课题。     

Calculation of light emission in sonoluminescence

We modify a uniform model of single bubble sonoluminescence, in which heat diffusion, water vapor diffusion and chemical reactions are included to describe the bubble dynamics, and the processes of electron-atom bremsstrahlung, electron-ion bremsstrahlung and recombination radiation, radiative attachment of electrons to atoms and molecules, line emissions of OH radicals and Na atoms are taken into account to calculate the light emission. With this model, we compute the light pulse width, the photon number per flash, the continuum and line spectra and the gas species as the products of chemical reactions, and try to compare with all the experimental data available. We obtain good agreement with the observations of Ar and Xe bubbles in many cases, but fail to match the experimental data of the photon number per flash. We also find that for He bubble the computed photon number is always too small to interpret the observations. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10674081 and 10434070)     

Elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface by an external field in pseudo-Euclidean spaces

We derive intrinsic formulation for elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface by an external field in the pseudo-Euclidean spaces E_v~n.This formulation determines elastic line deformed on a pseudo-hypersurface.     

Hyperfine Field in Ferromagnetic CoPd Alloys

The magnetic hyperfine interaction of ⁶⁰Co in the completely miscible alloy Co _x Pd_1−x was investigated for different values of x by measuring the nuclear orientation of ⁶⁰Co as function of temperature and by nuclear magnetic resonance of the oriented ⁶⁰Co nuclei. A broad resonance signal of Gaussian shape could be observed down to x=60%. The dependence of the mean magnetic hyperfine field on the Co concentration was observed to be linear very similar to that of experimental values of the magnetic moment per atom in the literature. The magnetic hyperfine field and its broad distribution are discussed in a simple model with RKKY interaction. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

电场线的三维演示现象的机理研究

本文对电场线的三维演示新方法进行机理分析，为实验提供理论依据。     

Supporting offshoring and nearshoring decisions for mass customization manufacturing processes

Offshore countries attract companies for a possible relocation of production processes through extremely low worker wages. Particularly, mass production processes seem to be highly appropriate for a relocation. However, while the impact of wage reductions can be directly estimated, an appropriate determination of additional cost consequences proves to be a complex task. For instance, on account of lower education standards and higher fluctuation rates, the average worker skills in offshore countries are often significantly lower than in high-wage countries like the United States. In order to appropriately analyze and evaluate the resulting tradeoff between wages and worker skills for mass customization manufacturing systems, this paper introduces a new approach that comprises a detailed mixed-model assembly line balancing. This approach provides a direct comparison of the estimated variable manufacturing costs by generating a country-dependent line layout for all competing locations. In order to validate the efficiency of the balancing approach and, in particular, derive general implications for management, several test series with various country configurations were executed. First, by attaining improvement rates of up to 40%, the capability of a generated Tabu Search procedure for finding appropriate line layouts was proven. Second, as the main result, the complexity of the variant program was identified as a crucial factor for offshoring decisions since it substantially affects variable manufacturing costs. This was particularly proven for countries with low worker skills, which attract offshoring/nearshoring through exceptionally low labor costs. Hence, companies that consider outsourcing production systems to those countries are strongly hold to examine these decisive effects thoroughly. Regarding this, offshoring becomes very promising for manufacturing processes characterized by a moderate variant complexity level.     

Straight line embeddings of cubic planar graphs with integer edge lengths

We prove that every simple cubic planar graph admits a planar embedding such that each edge is embedded as a straight line segment of integer length. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 58:270‐274, 2008