Analysis of main shock of thrust fault earthquake by catastrophe theory

The relationship between work and energy increment of a thrust fault system with quasi-static deformation can be decomposed into two parts: volume strain energy and deviation stress energy. The relationship between work and energy increment of the deviation stress of a simplified thrust fault system is analyzed based on the catastrophe theory. The research indicates that the characteristics displayed by the fold catastrophe model can appropriately describe the condition of earthquake generation, the evolvement process of main shock of thrust fault earthquake, and some important aftershock properties. The bigger the surrounding press of surrounding rock is, the bigger the maximum principal stress is, the smaller the incidences of the potential thrust fault surface are, and the smaller the ratio between the tangential stiffness of surrounding rock and the slope is, which is at the inflexion point on the softened zone of the fault shearing strength curve. Thus, when earthquake occurrs, the larger the elastic energy releasing amount of surrounding rock is, the bigger the earthquake magnitude is, the larger the half distance of fault dislocation is, and the larger the displacement amplitude of end face of surrounding rock is. Fracturing and expanding the fault rock body and releasing the volume strain energy of surrounding rock during the earthquake can enhance the foregoing effects together.     

抗滑桩与滑坡相互作用分析的常微分方程组边值法

将抗滑桩与滑坡的相互作用抽象为一阶常微分方程组在特定边界条件约束下的定解问题,通过龙格-库塔(Runge-Kutta)差分法求解该方程组可得桩身内力与变形及滑床抗力,该方法不同于常规的基于桩体挠曲四阶微分方程的级数解法、差分法及有限元法,可以一次性解出桩身内力及变形值,无需进行二次换算;可对全桩进行整体分析,无需像传统方法那样以滑动面为界将桩身分成受荷段和锚固段分别计算;该方法一改传统的求解高阶微分方程为解低阶微分方程组,符合计算力学的优化思想,并且可以方便地考虑桩身的剪切变形,为抗滑桩的计算分析提供了一种切实可行的新思路,可作为传统抗滑桩内力分析方法的有效补充。本文还编写了基于该法的全桩内力计算和图形处理程序。工程算例表明,该方法与传统方法的计算结果能很好吻合,且程序运行效率更高。     

Interfacial flow computations using adaptive Eulerian–Lagrangian method for spacecraft applications

Understanding the interfacial dynamics and fluid physics associated with the operation of spacecraft is important for scientific as well as engineering purposes. To help address the issues associated with moving boundaries, interfacial dynamics, and spatial‐temporal variations in time and length scales, a 3‐D adaptive Eulerian–Lagrangian method is extended and further developed. The stationary (Eulerian) Cartesian grid is adopted to resolve the fluid flow, and the marker‐based triangulated moving (Lagrangian) surface meshes are utilized to treat the phase boundary. The key concepts and numerical procedures, along with the selected interfacial flow problems are presented. Specifically, the liquid fuel draining dynamics in different flow regimes, and the liquid surface stability under vertically oscillating gravitational acceleration are investigated. Direct assessment of experimental measurement and scaling analysis is made to highlight the computational performance of the present approach as well as the key fluid physics influenced by the given flow parameters. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

炮弹入炮膛推力对炮击精度的影响探析

分析了炮弹在炮膛内的运动规律，爆炸产物中物理参数与运动参数的主要变化过程．从两方面探析炮弹入膛推力的大小影响炮弹出膛口时飞行速度，因而影响炮击精度．阐明了提高炮击精度的原理与方法．     

Analytic Solution for Fuel-Optimal Reconfiguration in Relative Motion

The current paper presents simple and general analytic solutions to the optimal reconfiguration of multiple satellites governed by a variety of linear dynamic equations. The calculus of variations is used to analytically find optimal trajectories and controls. Unlike what has been determined from previous research, the inverse of the fundamental matrix associated with the dynamic equations is not required for the general solution in the current study if a basic feature in the state equations is met. This feature is very common due to the fact that most relative motion equations are represented in the LVLH frame. The method suggested not only reduces the amount of calculations required, but also allows predicting the explicit form of optimal solutions in advance without having to solve the problem. It is illustrated that the optimal thrust vector is a function of the fundamental matrix of the given state equations, and other quantities, such as the cost function and the state vector during the reconfiguration, can be concisely represented as well. The analytic solutions developed in the current paper can be applied to most reconfiguration problems in linearized relative motions. Numerical simulations confirm the brevity and accuracy of the general analytic solutions developed in the current paper. This work was supported by the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF) through the National Research Lab. Program funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. M10600000282-06J0000-28210).     

准噶尔盆地东北缘中侏罗世逆冲构造变形及其地质意义

主要依据准噶尔盆地东北缘青格里底山前冲断带二维地震剖面的精细地质解释,并结合临近阿尔泰造山带燕山期花岗岩的同位素定年,认为准噶尔盆地东北缘在中侏罗世存在逆冲构造变形.该构造变形发生于中侏罗统西山窑组（J2x）沉积期,形成了走向北西、倾向北东的逆断层及断层传播褶皱,表明其时准噶尔盆地东北缘曾受到来自于北东方向的挤压应力作用,其力源可能和西伯利亚板块与蒙古-华北板块的碰撞、拼贴事件有关,是蒙古-鄂霍次克洋闭合的陆内反映.这对于促进北疆地区构造变形与盆山关系的研究具有重要意义.     

A calculation method of track shoe thrust on soft ground for splayed grouser

Thrust of track shoes on soft ground is affected by soil moisture content, shear rate and structure parameters of track shoes. A lack of comprehensive consideration of these factors exists for normal calculation methods. A method to predict thrust for track shoes on soft ground with splayed grouser was established based on experimental results and theoretical derivations. Model track shoe traction experiments were conducted for verification and correction of the thrust formula. It was observed that the thrust for the track shoes decreased with the increase in moisture content of the soil. Increases in shear rate, grouser height, and grouser splayed angle resulted in greater tractions. Effect of grouser thickness and grouser draft angle on tractions was not obvious. A corrected thrust formula allowed accurate prediction of thrust for a single track shoe on soft ground.     

液体火箭推力室面板发汗冷却与燃烧耦合数值模拟

对推力室的喷嘴多孔面板的发汗冷却和燃烧室内的燃料燃烧过程进行了耦合数值计算,建立了一个带燃烧的三维、真实气体、变物性的推力室CFD计算模型。利用UDF编写了CH₄、O₂、CO₂、H₂O气体的实际气体状态方程,并根据NIST物性数据拟合了不同温度和压力下各气体的比热容、扩散系数、黏性系数和导热系数等物性多项式。基于EDC模型建立了甲烷-氧燃烧的多步反应机理。计算了三种厚度的面板和多种燃料进口工况下的推力室内的发汗冷却和燃烧过程,研究了面板厚度、冷却剂进出条件等因素对发汗冷却和燃烧过程的影响规律。     

基于PVDF传感器的单脉冲激光推力加载过程研究

 利用高频响应材料PVDF作为敏感元件，建立了一套单脉冲瞬态推力测试系统，并用37 mm分离式Hopkinson压杆装置对该测试系统进行动态标定。标定结果显示，在0~150 MPa范围内，PVDF传感器（5 mm×5 mm）的压电特性呈线性，动态压电系数经线性拟合后为20 pC/N。用所建推力测试系统获得了单脉冲激光作用下，旋转抛物形激光推力器的推力加载曲线，并对该曲线形成多个峰值的原因进行了分析。实验结果表明，该系统可以捕获激光推力器脉冲推力加载特征。     

船舶动力定位系统

随着深海技术的不断发展,动力定位系统的在海洋工程上得到广泛应用。动力定位系统通过其控制系统驱动船舶推进器来抵消风、浪、流等作用于船上的环境外力,从而使船舶保持在确定的位置上或沿预期的航迹航行。本文在分析了国际海事组织和国际海洋工程承包商协会对动力定位系统定义及分级要求的基础上,阐述了国外船舶动力定位系统的发展及其应用状况,分析了动力定位系统的组成和工作原理,研究了动力定位系统的各种约束、控制策略、控制技术、推力分配等关键技术,指出动力定位系统精度取决于控制系统和测量系统性能,并提出了发展国产动力定位系统应采用的途径。