Stability of Laminated Shells Made of Materials with one Plane of Elastic Symmetry

The paper sets forth a technique, based on the Kirchhoff–Love theory of shells, for solving stability problems for thin-walled laminated shells of revolution made of an anisotropic material with one plane of elastic symmetry. The resolving system of differential equations is of the 16th order since the symmetric and asymmetric buckling modes are coupled. The results from a stability analysis of cylindrical shells made of carbon plastics and subjected to compression are analyzed against the angle of the principal directions of elasticity. The influence of boundary conditions is studied. The error due to neglecting the coupling of buckling modes is estimated     

Investigations about coke burning and oxygen spillover

Different carbon blacks and graphite were used as model substances to investigate coke burning on bifunctional catalysts. The burning rate was markedly increased by Pt on Al₂O₃ as compared with pure carbon blacks or graphite as a consequence of lowered activation energies.     

核物理学对高技术发展的基础性作用

文章介绍了核物理学与基础科学、高技术、国家安全和基础教育的关系，特别是在促进高技术的形成和发展方面所起到的至关重要的作用．文章提出，必须重视对基础科学的学习和研究，不能忽视更不能简单地以当时基础科学是否有用来衡量其价值．     

有机化学新领域──固态光化学的研究

介绍了有机化学新领域──固相光化学研究的重要意义和特点。通过色氨酸类、核酸碱基衍生物同稠环化合物异种分子间固态光化学的研究，揭示出这种反应的高选择性和专一性，对反应历程也进行了初步研究，为合成化学提供了新方法。利用晶格控制物质，使不易进行光化学反应的物质可顺利地定向进行光化学反应，亦可直接用于合成Ｄ或Ｌ手性化合物，省去拆分。对Ｃ－Ｔ络合物（电荷转移）和分子化合物的固态光化学也进行了研究。     

Study on Oxidation Mechanism of Nitrogen Monoxide in Indoor Environment

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Influence of Amines on Formation and Texture of Uniform Hematite Particles

The structure and properties of hematite particles obtained by hydrolysis of ferric chloride solution doped with various kinds of amines were examined by TEM, XRD, TG-DTA, N₂and H₂O adsorption, and zeta potential measurements. The shape of precipitates was concentration dependent; they changed from large spheres (diameter: ca. 820 nm) to cubes (edge length: ca. 400 nm) via double-spheres (long axis length: ca. 600 nm) with increasing monoamine concentrations. This effect was enhanced by increasing their pK_avalues. Much pronounced effects of di- and triamines on the particle formation were observed; cubic and double-spherical particles were obtained at a much lower concentration of di- and triamines and small spherical (diameter: ca. 100 nm) and diamond-like (long axis length: ca. 100 nm) particles were further produced at higher concentration. It was suggested that the acceleration of the rate of phase transformation from β-FeOOH to hematite induced by amines plays an important role for producing fairly uniform hematite particles with different shape and size. The hematite particles produced with amines contained small amounts of OH⁻ions in the lattice but were confirmed to be nearly single crystal.     

The influence of vibronic interactions on the chiroptical spectra of dissymmetric pseudo tetragonal metal complexes

The influence of vibronic interactions on the chiroptical spectra associated with a threesome of nearly degenerate electronic excited states in a dissymmetric molecular system is examined on a formal theoretical model. The model considers two vibrational modes to be effective in promoting pseudo Jahn-Teller (PJT) type interactions between the three closely spaced electronic excited states. Formal expressions are developed for the rotatory strengths of individual vibronic levels derived from the coupled electronic states. Two mode (vibrational)-three state (electronic) vibronic Hamiltonians are constructed (basis set size, 63–108, depending upon interaction parameters used) and diagonalized for a large number of different parameter sets representative of various vibronic coupling strengths, electronic energy level spacings, oscillator (vibrational mode) frequencies, and electronic rotatory strengths. Diagonalization of these vibronic Hamiltonians yields vibronic wave functions and energies which are then used to calculate rotatory strength spectra for the model system. The calculated results demonstrate the profound influence which vibronic interactions of the PJT type may have on the sign patterns and intensity distributions within the rotatory strength spectrum associated with a set of nearly degenerate electronic states. The implication of these results for the interpretation of circular dichroism spectra of chiral transition metal complexes with pseudo tetragonal symmetry are discussed.     

Dynamic light scattering study of heat aggregation of insulin

Dynamic light scattering measurements on heat aggregation of zinc-insulin between temperaturesT=20 °C and 40 °C in 0.1 M NaCl aqueous solutions with pH= 4.01, 7.5 and 9.03, are reported. The experiments were performed on very dilute solutions in the concentration range 20 to 160 g/cc. It has been observed that the process of heat aggregation was linear with temperature. The concentration dependence of translational diffusion coefficient was found to be negative in consistence with an earlier result. Upon temperature reversal the hysteresis-like behavior was found to be predominantly large at pH=7.5. The process of dissociation of Insulin aggregates with temperature reversal was also found to be linear with temperature decrement. Both the coefficients of heat aggregation and dissociation (upon temperature reversal) were larger at pH=7.5 than at pH=4.01 and 9.03. The low polydispersity in the correlation spectra indicated that both the association and dissociation processes were apparently stepwise in nature.     

Conformational rigidity and flexibility of the paracyclophane skeleton in substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes

The character of distortions of the paracyclophane skeleton in various substituted [2.2]paracyclophanes was analyzed based on X ray diffraction data. The rigidity of the skeleton is provided by ethylene bridges and flexibility of the benzene rings, which adopt a boat conformation. The flexibility of the skeleton is manifested in the displacement of the benzene rings with respect to each other and conformational changes of ethylene bridges. The changes in these characteristics are very sensitive to intra- and intermolecular steric factors and are indicative of the absence of strong specific stacking interactions between the be nzene rings. Precision X-ray diffraction study and quantum-chemical calculations for unsubstituted [2.2]paracyclophane and 4,7-benzoquinono[2.2]paracyclophane demonstrated that there are no attractive interactions between the benzene rings, and the electron density is localized predominantly on the outer surface of the rings. This fact can be considered as the cage molecular effect of the [2.2]paracyclophane skeleton.Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1707–1732, September, 2004.     

Liquid—liquid extraction of lactate dehydrogenase from muscle using polymer-bound triazine dyes

An extract from porcine muscle containing soluble enzymes has been partitioned between the two liquid phases of an aqueous, biphasic system consisting of dextran, polyethylene glycol, and water. The influence of polymer-bound triazine dyes (Cibacron blue F3G-A and Procion yellow HE-3G) on the partition of lactate dehydrogenase and total protein was studied. The effects of pH and concentrations of polymers and buffer on this so-called affinity partitioning were also determined. The two-phase systems were used in extraction procedures for purification of lactate dehydrogenase to a specific activity of 456–494 U (7.6–8.4 μkat) per mg protein. The use of these systems for extraction of enzymes in technical scale is discussed.