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141.
Sérgio R. Fenley 《Geometriae Dedicata》2003,99(1):61-102
We study incompressible tori in 3-manifolds supporting pseudo-Anosov flows and more generally ZZ subgroups of the fundamental group of such a manifold. If no element in this subgroup can be represented by a closed orbit of the pseudo-Anosov flow, we prove that the flow is topologically conjugate to a suspension of an Anosov diffeomorphism of the torus. In particular it is non singular and is an Anosov flow. It follows that either a pseudo-Anosov flow is topologically conjugate to a suspension Anosov flow, or any immersed incompressible torus can be realized as a free homotopy from a closed orbit of the flow to itself. The key tool is an analysis of group actions on non-Hausdorff trees, also known as R-order trees – we produce an invariant axis in the free action case. An application of these results is the following: suppose the manifold has an R-covered foliation transverse to a pseudo-Anosov flow. If the flow is not an R-covered Anosov flow, then it follows that the manifold is atoroidal. 相似文献
142.
Lan-chieh Huang 《计算数学(英文版)》2000,(5)
1. IntroductionLet us consider the unsteady incompressible Navier--Stokes equatinns (qSE)on a twedimensional reginn n with boundary On. Here w is the velocity vector; interms of its Caxtesian,components w = (u, v)"; p is the Pressure. The initial conditionis given assatisheng (1.2). We are concerned mainly with the solid wall boundary conditiollbut we will also briefly discuss the outflow boundary conditinn. Note the convectionterm can ajBo be written in conservative form (w' glad)w = div(… 相似文献
143.
ZhuJianxin 《高校应用数学学报(英文版)》2000,15(4):443-452
In this paper, a local orthogonal transformation is created to transform the Helmholtz waveguide with curved interface to the one with a flat interface within the two-layer medium, and the Helmholtz equation uxx uzz k^2(x,z)u=0 is transformed to Vxx αVzz βVz γV=0. Numerical results demonstrate that the transformation is more feasible. This transformation is particularly useful for the research on wave propagation in acoustic waveguide. 相似文献
144.
145.
环形光束的非线性传输及聚焦特性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对用于产生光镊的环形光束,利用分步傅里叶-贝塞尔变换算法,对二维环形超高斯光束的非线性传输及聚焦过程进行了数值模拟,给出了环形光束聚焦场附近的光强分布,并分析了非线性调制对聚焦性质(包括焦面中心光强、焦面光强的横向分布、轴上光强和光束质量)的影响.研究表明,从聚焦角度来看,非线性调制中的位相调制比振幅调制对环形光束聚焦性质的影响程度要大;从非线性传输角度来看,随着非线性介质长度的增加,位相调制和振幅调制对环形光束聚焦性质各有不同程度的加剧,其中非线性作用对振幅调制的影响要比位相调制明显. 相似文献
146.
147.
This study presents the electromagnetic wave propagation through the frequency-dispersive and lossy double-negative slab embedded
between two different semi-infinite media. The double-negative slab is realized by using two models, the Lorentz and Drude
medium models. The properties and the required equations for the frequency-dispersive and lossy double-negative slab, the
Lorentz medium and Drude medium are given in detail. After the construction of the problem, the reflection and transmission
coefficients are derived for both TE and TM waves. Then, the reflected, transmitted and loss powers are determined using these
coefficients. Finally, in the numerical results, the mentioned powers for TE and TM waves are computed and illustrated as
a function of the incidence angle, the frequency and the slab thickness when the damping frequency changes. 相似文献
148.
Hongwei Yang Wanchun Tang Xiangkun Kong 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2007,28(7):547-556
In this paper, shift operator finite-difference time-domain (SO-FDTD) method is applied for the calculation of the dispersive
medium. The high efficiency and accuracy of this method is verified by calculating the reflection of the plane electromagnetic
wave impinging on a non-magnetized plasma slab with different electron density distributions. The results show that the average
electron density only determines overall trends of the reflection, and different distributions affect the oscillating process
of the reflection. If the average electron density maintains the same, the distribution of electron density with homogenous
or inhomogeneous alternation will sharply take effects on the reflection. And magnitude of alternation of electron density
affects the incident frequency directly when the reflection tends to uniform. 相似文献
149.
3D FDTD Implementation for Scattering of Electric Anisotropic Dispersive Medium Using Recursive Convolution Method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lixia Yang 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2007,28(7):557-565
The finite-difference time-domain method based on recursive convoltion method (RC-FDTD) for the electric anisotropic dispersive
medium is discussed in detail. To exemplify the availability of the three-dimensional RC-FDTD algorithm, the backscattering
Radar-Cross-Section(RCS) of a non-magnetized plasma sphere is computed, and the numerical results are the same as the one
of the Shift Operater-FDTD method, and show that the RC-FDTD method is correct and efficient. In addition, the co-polarized
and cross-polarized backscattering time-domain of a magnetized plasma sphere are obtained by the RC-FDTD algorithm. The results
show that when the external magnetic field is implemented, the cross-polarized component appear, evidently. 相似文献
150.
Amphoteric refraction of light ray at the interface between isotropic materials and anisotropic materials is analyzed. Depending on the incident angle, the refractive light ray can either refract positively or negatively. This amphoteric refraction phenomenon can be quite prevalent when the difference of the two principal refractive indices is large. The reflectance under various incident angles has also been calculated, and an experimental demonstration with a calcite crystal in air is presented. 相似文献