水下微光高速光电成象系统作用距离的研究

本文首先对水的光学特性及其对水下成象的影响进行了分析,指出了水下光学成象的特殊性对光电成象器件的要求,并对微光条件下光电成象器件的性能进行了理论分析;详细介绍了水下微光高速光电成象系统作用距离公式的推导过程;最后针对实际系统进行了计算和分析.     

用数据拟合方法计算散热速率

用Mathematica软件对散热曲线进行了二阶多项式拟合,并根据拟合结果计算了散热速率。     

DYNAMIC STRESS FIELD AROUND THE MODE Ⅲ CRACK TIP IN AN ORTHOTROPIC FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIAL

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＩｎｒｅｃｅｎｔｙｅａｒｓ,ｇｒｅａｔａｔｔｅｎｔｉｏｎｓｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｐａｉｄｔｏｔｈｅｒｅｓｅａｒｃｈｏｆＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎａｌｌｙＧｒａｄｅｄＭａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ(ＦＧＭ).Ｆｒｏｍｔｈｅｖｉｅｗｐｏｉｎｔｓｏｆａｐｐｌｉｅｄｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃｓ,ＦＧＭａｒｅｎｏｎ＿ｈｏｍｏｇｅｎｅｏｕｓｓｏｌｉｄｓ.Ｔｈｅｎｏｎ＿ｈｏｍｏｇｅｎｅｉｔｙｏｆＦＧＭｈａｓａｇｒｅａｔｉｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｅｏｎｔｈｅｉｒｍｅｃｈａｎｉｃａｌｂｅｈａｖｉｏｒ,ｅｓｐｅｃｉａｌｌｙｗｈｅｎｔｈｅｃｏｍｐ…     

DYNAMIC BUCKLING OF STATICALLY PRELOADED RING-STIFFENED CYLINDRICAL SHELLS UNDER AXIAL FLUID-SOLID IMPACT LOADING

The Initial Imperfection Amplified Criterion is applied to investigate the geometric nonlinear dynamic buckling of statically preloaded ring-stiffened cylindrical shells under axial fluid-solid impact. Taking account of the effects of large deformation and initial geometric imperfection, the governing equations are obtained by the Galerkin method and solved by the Runge-Kutta method. The effects of static preloading (uniform external radial pressure) on the buckling features and the load-carrying ability of ring-stiffened cylindrical shells against axial impact are discussed. The project is supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (No. 19802017).     

纺织复合材料能量吸收性能的研究进展

纺织复合材料的能量吸收性能是近年来一个十分引人注目的研究课题．本文综述了近年来对纺织复合材料能量吸收性能研究的最新进展,包括纤维纺织结构、纺织复合材料的制造及加工、材料的能量吸收机理及失效模式、能量吸收性能的测试方法等．     

Impact Dynamics in Milling of Thin-Walled Structures

The development of reliable high-speed spindles and motioncontrol systems has led to an increase in the industrial use ofhigh-speed milling. One of the primary applications of this newtechnology is the manufacture of thin-walled aluminum components foraircraft. The flexibility of the tools and workpieces, the high spindlefrequencies, and the inherent impact nonlinearities in the millingprocess can lead to complicated dynamic tool-workpieceinteractions. An experiment was constructed to study the vibrations ofa thin-walled part during milling. Time series, power spectra,autocorrelations, auto-bispectra, and phase portraits were examined.From this data, it is inferred that stiffness and damping nonlinearitiesdue to the intermittent cutting action have a pronounced effect on thedynamics of the workpiece. Delay space reconstructions and pointwisedimension calculations show that the associated motions arecharacterized by a fractal geometry. The auto-bispectra suggestquadratic phase coupling among the spectral peaks associated with thecutter frequency. A mechanics-based model with impact-nonlinearities wasdeveloped to explain the observed results. The predicted results agreewell with the experimental observations. The model predictions indicatethat aperiodic motions are possible over a large range ofcontrol-parameter values. These analytical and experimental results haveimplications for the prediction and control of vibrations in milling.     

Large Motions of a Moored Floating Breakwater Modeled as an Impact Oscillator

Two-dimensional motions of a floating breakwater moored to thesea floor by two cables are considered. The breakwater is modeled bothas a point mass and as a rigid body. The mooring lines are assumed tohave no effect on the breakwater when they are slack, and to provide aninstantaneous impulsive force when they become taut, analogous to animpact oscillator or a ball bouncing on a rigid surface. The axialcomponent of the velocity is reduced at this instantaneous tautcondition. Fluid inertia and damping are not included, and the waveforces are assumed to be harmonic. A critical force is defined, and theeffects of the forcing frequency, the coefficient of restitution, andthe shape and size of the body on the critical force are examined.Trajectories of the motion are plotted and the impact velocities arecomputed and analyzed. Knowledge of the number and magnitude of theseimpacts is useful in assessing fatigue of the mooring lines.     

Calculation of absolute electron-impact ionization cross-sections of dimers and trimers

We report calculations of the electron-impact ionization cross-sections of selected dimers (homonuclear diatomic molecules) and trimers (homonuclear triatomic molecules) using a method which relies only on macroscopic quantities in conjunction with a “defect concept”. The empirically determined defect describes the deviation of the cluster (dimer, trimer) cross-sections from a simple linear dependence on the cluster size. We compare the calculated cross-sections to experimental data for the dimers S₂ and F₂ and the trimer O₃ and we present predictions for the ionization cross-sections of Br₂, I₂, C₂ and C₃ for which no experimental data are available. Lastly, we extend the method to the calculation of ionization cross-sections for the fullerenes C₆₀ and C₇₀. Received 6 December 1999 and Received in final form 10 April 2000     

Analysis of the suspension polymerization flows of polyvinyl chloride with the exergy analysis involving resource utilization and environmental influence

In order to comprehensively assess the resource utilization of a process system and its influence on the environment, the application range of the traditional exergy analysis was expanded in this paper to include the pollution degree of the discharged wastes to the environment. So technology indexes can be obtained to comprehensively assess the resource utilization and the environment impact of a process system. The harm coefficient and effect coefficient were introduced to concern the different harm to the environment of the different wastes and the pollution effect relative to resource waste by environment. The determination method of the harm coefficient and effect coefficient was discussed. Two suspension polymerization flows of polyvinyl chloride were calculated with this method. The results show that the method can comprehensively assess the resource utilization and the environment impact of the chemical process system by comparing and analyzing.     

高速客车转向架残余应力的试验研究

利用磁弹性这种新型的无损检测方法对高速客车转向架焊接构架组焊后的残余应力和构架在疲劳试验过程中的残余应力进行了试验研究,得到了构架残余应力随循环周次的变化规律