Effect of modified glass fiber on tribological performance of water-lubricated bearing

Glass fiber (GF) is becoming one of the most popular reinforcement materials used in many fields. However, it still has some disadvantages such as brittleness and poor wear resistance. In order to improve its tribological property, the GF was modified and use high-density polyethylene (HDPE) as the matrix material to verify it. In this work, friction tests of HDPE samples with seven different compositions of modified GF were carried out. Different working conditions were applied to determine the tribological properties and service life as used in water-lubricated bearings. Their friction coefficient, surface morphology, wear scar, wear quality and wear mechanism were investigated. The results showed that the modified GF could significantly improve the HDPE tribological properties. Moreover, the wear mechanism of pure HDPE was mainly adhesive wear and slight fatigue wear, and the composite material was mainly abrasive wear. The 30% GF composite material had the best wear resistance, its friction coefficient was reduced by 51.56% under 0.4 MPa and 500 r/min. The findings from this experiment will provide a new method for reducing friction and wear of water-lubricated bearings.     

Flow through Porous Media XVI: Electrokinetic Transport Coefficients of Aqueous Solutions of Mercuric Chloride and Glycine through a Sintered Disc Impregnated with a Cellulose Acetate Membrane under a Magnetic Field

The effect of the magnetic field on the electrokinetic transport coefficients (permeability coefficient and electro-osmotic permeability coefficient) of water and aqueous solutions of mercuric chloride and glycine through a sintered disc impregnated with cellulose acetate at different potentials, concentrations, and magnetic fields varying up to 21 kg/cm² are reported at 308.15 K. The phenomenological coefficients characterizing the electro-osmotic flow and the membrane characteristics are also estimated for the various solutions with the object of determining the efficiencies of electrokinetic energy conversion and ζ potential. The effect of magnetic field has been attributed to the molecular orientation of dipoles in solutions and to the change in the structure of the membrane.     

STEADY-STATE SOLUTIONS FOR A ONE-DIMENSIONAL NONISENTROPIC HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL WITH NON-CONSTANT LATTICE TEMPERATURE

A one-dimensional stationary nonisentropic hydrodynamic model for semiconductor devices with non-constant lattice temperature is studied. This model consists of the equations for the electron density, the electron current density and electron temperature, coupled with the Poisson equation of the electrostatic potential in a bounded interval supplemented with proper boundary conditions. The existence and uniqueness of a strong subsonic steady-state solution with positive particle density and positive temperature is established. The proof is based on the fixed-point arguments, the Stampacchia truncation methods, and the basic energy estimates.     

Oil whirl,oil whip and whirl/whip synchronization occurring in rotor systems with full-floating ring bearings

High-speed rotors are often supported in floating ring bearings because of their good damping behavior. In contrast to conventional hydrodynamic bearings with a single oil film, full-floating ring bearings consist of two oil films: An inner and an outer oil film. As single oil-film bearings, full-floating ring bearings also show the typical fluid-film-induced instabilities (self-excited vibrations). Both inner and outer oil films can become unstable and exhibit oil whirl/whip instabilities. The paper at hand considers a Laval (Jeffcott) rotor, which is symmetrically supported in full-floating ring bearings, and investigates the occurring oil whirl/whip effects by means of run-up simulations. It is shown that the inner oil film, which usually becomes unstable first, gives rise to a limit-cycle oscillation with an exactly circular rotor orbit, if gravity and imbalance are neglected. Interesting is the instability generated by the outer oil film. The calculations demonstrate that instability in the outer oil film does not lead to a simple circular limit-cycle orbit. Whirl/whip-induced limit-cycle oscillations generated by the outer oil film are more complex and entail a coupled circumferential and radial motion, although the mechanical problem is radially symmetric, if gravity and imbalance are neglected. Thus, whirl/whip instability in the outer fluid film may be interpreted as symmetry breaking. Finally, a further kind of bifurcation/instability occurring in rotors supported in full-floating ring bearings—called Total Instability in this paper—is analyzed. It is shown that Total Instability is caused by synchronization of two limit cycles, namely synchronization of the inner and outer oil whirl/whip. Total Instability is of practical interest and observed in real technical rotor systems, and frequently leads to complete rotor damage.     

A New Deep Dual Temporal Domain Adaptation Method for Online Detection of Bearings Early Fault

With the quick development of sensor technology in recent years, online detection of early fault without system halt has received much attention in the field of bearing prognostics and health management. While lacking representative samples of the online data, one can try to adapt the previously-learned detection rule to the online detection task instead of training a new rule merely using online data. As one may come across a change of the data distribution between offline and online working conditions, it is challenging to utilize the data from different working conditions to improve detection accuracy and robustness. To solve this problem, a new online detection method of bearing early fault is proposed in this paper based on deep transfer learning. The proposed method contains an offline stage and an online stage. In the offline stage, a new state assessment method is proposed to determine the period of the normal state and the degradation state for whole-life degradation sequences. Moreover, a new deep dual temporal domain adaptation (DTDA) model is proposed. By adopting a dual adaptation strategy on the time convolutional network and domain adversarial neural network, the DTDA model can effectively extract domain-invariant temporal feature representation. In the online stage, each sequentially-arrived data batch is directly fed into the trained DTDA model to recognize whether an early fault occurs. Furthermore, a health indicator of target bearing is also built based on the DTDA features to intuitively evaluate the detection results. Experiments are conducted on the IEEE Prognostics and Health Management (PHM) Challenge 2012 bearing dataset. The results show that, compared with nine state-of-the-art fault detection and diagnosis methods, the proposed method can get an earlier detection location and lower false alarm rate.     

Confining effect on the bearing capacity of circular footings on a purely cohesive soilEffet du confinement sur la capacité portante d'une fondation circulaire sur un sol purement cohérent

The bearing capacity of axially symmetrical footings acting on a purely cohesive soil foundation contained by a rigid wall at a finite distance is investigated within the framework of the Yield design theory. Following the same tracks as in a preceding paper devoted to strip footings, the analysis is performed by referring to already existing results concerning the bearing capacity of a circular footing on a soil layer with limited thickness. It comes out that the bearing capacity factor determined by Eason and Shield for a rough circular footing on an unlimited soil foundation is increased by a correction factor that increases when the diameter of the container decreases. Comparison with the results obtained for strip footings acting on a purely cohesive soil in the same conditions shows that the confining effect is significantly lower for a circular footing than for a strip footing. To cite this article: J. Salençon, C. R. Mecanique 330 (2002) 521–525.     

基于振动监测的静载荷滑动轴承接触摩擦故障诊断实验研究

采用静载荷滑动轴承试验台模拟轴颈-轴承从液体润滑状态逐步向干摩擦状态过渡时的接触摩擦故障的发生和发展过程,进而利用振动信号诊断滑动轴承的接触摩擦故障;通过对特征参数进行归一化处理得到无量纲特征参数,进而通过无量纲特征参数的适当数学组合得到无量纲诊断准则,并探讨了无量纲诊断准则的适用性.结果表明:利用所得到的无量纲诊断准则进行轴颈-轴承接触摩擦故障诊断时无须建立用于模式识别的标准模,可实现快捷方便的故障诊断;无量纲诊断准则对工况不敏感,而对故障更敏感,适用于可变工况下滑动轴承的故障诊断,且诊断成本较低.     

Crankshaft-bearing evolution indexes investigation and asperity contact identification based on neural network

The dynamic and lubrication characteristic analyses of the crankshaft–bearing system is quite a complex problem, and it is important to avoid asperity contact which may lead to bearing wear and increase of friction loss significantly in dynamic lubrication condition. In this paper, the dynamic characteristic that has an essential impact on lubrication was investigated over an inline six-cylinder engine. Multi-body dynamics method, tribology, finite element method (FEM), finite difference method (FDM) and component mode synthesis method (CMS) were combined to analyze the dynamic characteristic of crankshaft, oil leakage, oil film pressure, asperity contact pressure and friction loss. Then the orthogonal experiment that included 5 levels and 6 factors was conducted to obtain the training sample sets for neural network, and the probabilistic neural network (PNN) was employed to identify weather the asperity contact happened or not according to its nonlinear characteristic. The analyses which can provide the guidance for the design of main bearing, and avoid the asperity contact in the lubrication are significant to the design of the bearing at the development stage of the engine.     

Pressure distribution in a porous squeeze film bearing lubricated by a Vočadlo fluid

The influence of a wall porosity on the pressure distribution in a curvilinear squeeze film bearing lubricated by a lubricant being a viscoplastic fluid of a Vo?adlo type is considered.     

Global solutions to nonisentropic hydrodynamic models for two-carrier plasmas

This paper is concerned with nonisentropic hydrodynamic models for two-carrier plasmas, which take the form of Euler equations for conservation laws of mass density, current density and energy density for two-carrier plasmas, coupled to Poisson’s equation for self-consistent electronic field. Due to the nonlinear coupling and cancellation between electrons and ions, the expected dissipation rates of densities for two carriers are no longer available in comparison with the one-carrier case, which leads to the lack of exponential stability near constant equilibrium in the whole space. In order to capture the weaker dissipation and obtain global solutions in spatially critical Besov spaces, calculus techniques which have been recently developed in Chemin–Lerner spaces, will be further applied.