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141.
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143.
Jingye Li Kohei Sato Saneto Asano Minoru Iida Yoneho Tabata Masakazu Washio 《European Polymer Journal》2005,41(3):547-555
Crosslinked and non-crosslinked polytetrafluoroethylene films (RX-PTFE and V-PTFE films, respectively) were irradiated by γ-ray and then grafted with styrene in liquid phase. Microscope FT-IR spectroscopy, TGA, solid state 13C CP/MAS and high resolution HS/MAS NMR spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) study were used to get the structural information of the styrene grafted RX-PTFE and V-PTFE films. From microscope FT-IR spectra of the grafted RX-PTFE films, the “grafting front mechanism” was proved. TGA analysis showed that the grafted films have a small degradation step and two main degradation steps. In the 13C CP/MAS NMR spectra of the non-grafted films, there are no signal due to the absence of the hydrogen atom. While in the spectra of the grafted films, there are signals attributed to the polystyrene grafts. In the 13C HS/MAS NMR spectra of the grafted films, the relative intensity of the peaks attributed to the polystyrene grafts increased while the relative intensity of the peak attributed to PTFE matrix decreased with the increase in the DOG. From WAXD patterns, the intensity of the crystalline peak decrease with the increase in the DOG. The grafted films were sulfonated by chlorosulfonic acid and the results of highest IEC value exceeded 3.0. Those results will be reported in the near future. 相似文献
144.
分别以中孔炭(MPC)和VXC-72R炭黑作载体,制备了中孔炭载纳米Au粒子(Au/MPC)和VXC-72R炭黑载纳米Au粒子(Au/CB),并将其用作直接硼氢化钠燃料电池阳极电氧化催化剂.分别用X-射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)等比较了不同载体催化剂的结构和形貌.结果表明,纳米Au粒子均为面心立方结构,Au/MPC中纳米Au粒子的粒径为16nm左右比Au/CB中的纳米Au粒子的更小,且均匀分散在载体的表面.用循环伏安曲线和动电位极化曲线等比较了不同载体催化剂的电化学特性.结果表明,Au/CB的电流密度为38.10mA·cm-2,而Au/MPC的电流密度达到42.88mA·cm-2,比Au/CB的电流密度提高了12.5%. 相似文献
145.
磺化聚醚醚酮与壳聚糖共混制备直接甲醇燃料电池用质子交换膜 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
给出了不同磺化度下的磺化聚醚醚酮(SPEEK)用作质子交换膜的一系列性能,另外提出了一种新型的酸碱共混质子交换膜,其中,磺化聚醚醚酮和壳聚糖分别被选为酸性、碱性高分子电解质,并对所制备的质子交换膜的相关性能如质子传导性,甲醇渗透性,吸水率以及膜溶胀性、热稳定性等进行了表征,结果表明此种新型复合膜尽管在质子传导性能方面有所下降,阻醇性能改变不大,但是膜溶胀性和吸水率方面有了较大的改善.磺化度为71.4%的SPEEK与壳聚糖以5∶1摩尔比共混制备的质子交换膜,其性质可以与商品化的Nafion 117相媲美,有望在甲醇燃料电池中得到应用. 相似文献
146.
Dr. Virendra V. Singh Fernando Soto Kevin Kaufmann Prof. Joseph Wang 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(23):6896-6899
A micromotor‐based strategy for energy generation, utilizing the conversion of liquid‐phase hydrogen to usable hydrogen gas (H2), is described. The new motion‐based H2‐generation concept relies on the movement of Pt‐black/Ti Janus microparticle motors in a solution of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) fuel. This is the first report of using NaBH4 for powering micromotors. The autonomous motion of these catalytic micromotors, as well as their bubble generation, leads to enhanced mixing and transport of NaBH4 towards the Pt‐black catalytic surface (compared to static microparticles or films), and hence to a substantially faster rate of H2 production. The practical utility of these micromotors is illustrated by powering a hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell car by an on‐board motion‐based hydrogen and oxygen generation. The new micromotor approach paves the way for the development of efficient on‐site energy generation for powering external devices or meeting growing demands on the energy grid. 相似文献
147.
Dr. Chang Hyuck Choi Claudio Baldizzone Jan‐Philipp Grote Dr. Anna K. Schuppert Dr. Frédéric Jaouen Dr. Karl J. J. Mayrhofer 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2015,54(43):12753-12757
Fundamental understanding of non‐precious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is the nub for the successful replacement of noble Pt in fuel cells and, therefore, of central importance for a technological breakthrough. Herein, the degradation mechanisms of a model high‐performance Fe‐N‐C catalyst have been studied with online inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy (DEMS) coupled to a modified scanning flow cell (SFC) system. We demonstrate that Fe leaching from iron particles occurs at low potential (<0.7 V) without a direct adverse effect on the ORR activity, while carbon oxidation occurs at high potential (>0.9 V) with a destruction of active sites such as FeNxCy species. Operando techniques combined with identical location‐scanning transmission electron spectroscopy (IL‐STEM) identify that the latter mechanism leads to a major ORR activity decay, depending on the upper potential limit and electrolyte temperature. Stable operando potential windows and operational strategies are suggested for avoiding degradation of Fe‐N‐C catalysts in acidic medium. 相似文献
148.
吸热型碳氢燃料的结焦研究Ⅰ含硫抑制剂 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
在连续进样微反测焦系统上考察了二硫化碳、噻酚等含硫化合物添加前后碳氢燃料S-1裂解结焦速率的变化。结果显示,两种含硫抑制剂均可明显降低燃料裂解时的结焦速率,二硫化碳的抑制效果较好,可以使初始结焦速率降低90%。同时,气相色谱的分析结果显示,含硫抑制剂对燃料裂解产物的分布情况有一定影响,促进了烯烃选择性的提高,有利于改善燃料的吸热能力。利用扫描电镜以及元素分析手段对焦形态结构和元素组成的研究结果显示,含硫抑制剂还有利于改善焦的形态结构以及氢碳元素组成,对清焦工作有一定帮助。 相似文献
149.
150.
Perovskite-type La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 mixed oxides were prepared by d,l-alanine solution combustion synthesis and used successfully in CH4 combustion as catalysts. These samples were characterized by means of XRD, FTIR, BET, and H2-TPR methods. The effects of stoichiometric ratio (φ) of organic fuel to oxidizer on the structure and catalytic activities
of the catalysts were studied. The results indicate that all La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 mixed oxides with different φ have perovskite structures. Their structures and catalytic activities vary along with the change of φ. The catalytic activity
of La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 mixed oxide with φ = 1.52 is the best among all the samples, whose T
50 and T
100 (the temperatures of methane conversions reaching 50 and 100%, respectively) are respectively 470 °C and 550 °C, which can
be explained in terms of the smaller of average crystal size, higher specific surface area, bigger lattice distortion, lower
activation energy, and higher mobility of chemically adsorbed oxygen on the surface and vacancy of the catalysts. 相似文献