S-duality in 3D gravity with torsion

The deformation of the connection in three spacetime dimensions by the kinematically equivalent coframe is shown to induce a duality between the (Lorentz-) rotational and translational field momenta, for which the coupling to the deformation parameter is inverted. This new kind of strong/weak duality, pertinent to 3D, is instrumental for studying exact solutions of the 3D Poincaré gauge field equations and the particle content of propagating modes on a background of constant curvature. For a topological Chern-Simons model of gravity, the propagating modes ‘living’ on an Anti-de Sitter (AdS) background correspond to real massive particles. Yang-Mills type generalizations and new cubic Lagrangians are found and completely classified in 3D. AdS or black hole type solutions with constant axial torsion emerge, also for these higher-order Lagrangians with new ‘exotic’ torsion-curvature couplings. Their pattern complies with our S-duality, with new repercussions for the field redefinition of the metric in 3D quantum gravity and the cosmological constant problem.     

带气膜孔内部冷却通道的流动传热特性

燃气轮机高温透平内部冷却通道中弯头、肋片和气膜孔之间存在着复杂的交互作用。本文采用瞬态液晶技术对光滑通道、无抽吸的带肋通道和有气膜孔抽吸的带肋通道的表面传热分布和沿程压力损失进行了详细测量,同时采用RANS数值模拟方法研究其流场特性。结果表明180°弯头产生的大分离是压力损失的主要因素,45°斜肋片产生的螺旋形流动在弯头与大分离交互作用明显,气膜孔抽吸破坏孔附近边界层使得肋间传热而相对集中于孔附近。在13%抽吸量条件下,气膜孔抽吸降低U型通道中压力损失约20%,同时保持传热强化程度与无抽吸工况相同。     

On hidden symmetries of extremal Kerr–NUT–AdS–dS black holes

It is well known that the Kerr–NUT–AdS–dS black hole admits two linearly independent Killing vectors and possesses a hidden symmetry generated by a rank-2 Killing tensor. The near-horizon geometry of an extremal Kerr–NUT–AdS–dS black hole admits four linearly independent Killing vectors, and we show how the hidden symmetry of the black hole itself is carried over by means of a modified Killing–Yano potential which is given explicitly. We demonstrate that the corresponding Killing tensor of the near-horizon geometry is reducible as it can be expressed in terms of the Casimir operators formed by the four Killing vectors.     

光子晶体光纤的全光纤纤芯变形研究

利用有限差分光束传输法分析了全光纤纤芯变形光子晶体光纤中的模场分布以及能量损耗情况.实现了光子晶体光纤的选择性空气孔塌缩,制作了由小纤芯到大纤芯和圆形芯到矩形芯的纤芯变形光子晶体光纤,该光纤在波长1550 nm下以小于0.05 dB的能量损耗实现了光斑的整形.实验结果与模拟结果有很好的一致性. 关键词： 光子晶体光纤 空气孔塌缩 纤芯变形     

Origin of the blackhole information paradox

It is argued that the blackhole information paradox originates from treating the blackhole geometry as strictly classical. It is further argued that the theory of quantum fields in a classical curved space with a horizon is an ill posed problem. If the geometry is allowed to fluctuate quantum mechanically, then the horizon effectively disappears. The sharp horizon emerges only in the classical limit when the ratio of the Compton wavelength of the black hole to its Schwarzschild radius vanishes. The region of strong gravity that develops when matter collapses to form the blackhole remains visible to the whole of spacetime and has to be described by a microscopic theory of strong gravity. The arguments imply that the information paradox is demoted from a paradox involving fundamental principles of physics to the problem of describing how matter at the highest densities gravitates.     

Nonlinear performance in silicon nitride slow light photonic crystal waveguides with elliptical holes

We propose a slow-light photonic crystal waveguide, which uses a combination of circular and elliptical air holes arranged in a hexagonal lattice with the background material of silicon nitride (refractive index n = 2.06). Large value of normalized delay bandwidth product (NDBP = 0.3708) is obtained. We have analyzed nonlinear performance of the structure. With our proposed geometry strong SPM is observed at moderate peak power levels. Proposed photonic crystal waveguide has slow light applications such as reduction in length and power consumption of all-optical and electro-optic switches at optical frequency.     

Phase space analysis on some black hole manifolds

The Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrøm solutions to Einstein's equations describe space-times which contain spherically symmetric black holes. We consider solutions to the linear wave equation in the exterior of a fixed black hole space-time of this type. We show that for solutions with initial data which decay at infinity and at the bifurcation sphere, a weighted L⁶ norm in space decays like . This weight vanishes at the event horizon, but not at infinity. To obtain this control, we require only an ? loss of angular derivatives.