Relativistic many-body theory with radioactive ion beams: Surface pion condensation

We critically review the present relativistic mean-field theory from the viewpoint of missing pions. We introduce the interesting experimental data on pionic states taken at RCNP. These data seem to suggest the occurrence of pion condensation in the nuclear surface. Qualitative discussion is made on the consequence of surface pion condensation on Gamow-Teller transitions and spin response functions and others. The radioactive ion beams are the tools of studying the unstable nuclei, which have extended nuclear surfaces. We shall start with radioactive ion beams the nuclear surface science, which includes the surface pion condensation as the important ingredient in addition to spin-orbit splitting and surface pairing. Received: 1 May 2001 / Accepted: 4 December 2001     

Design and optimal tuning of nonlinear PI compensators

In this paper, linear time-invariant single-input single-output (SISO) systems that are stabilizable by linear proportional and integral (PI) compensators are considered. For such systems, a five-parameter nonlinear PI compensator is proposed. The parameters of the proposed compensator are tuned by solving an optimization problem. The optimization problem always has a solution.Additionally, a general nonlinear PI compensator is proposed and is approximated by easy-to-compute compensators, for instance, a six-parameter nonlinear PI compensator. The parameters of the approximate compensators are tuned to satisfy an optimality condition. The superiority of the proposed nonlinear PI compensators over linear PI compensators is discussed and is demonstrated for two feedback systems.     

Successive approximation procedure for steady-state optimal control of bilinear systems

The optimum regulation problem of a bilinear system with a quadratic performance criterion is obtained in terms of a sequence of algebraic Lyapunov equations. The results are based on the method of successive approximations. The proof of convergence of the proposed scheme is given and the design procedure is illustrated by two examples.     

New asymptotic representations of the noncentral t-distribution

New asymptotic approximations of the noncentral t distribution are given a generalization of the Student's t distribution. Using new integral representations, we give new asymptotic expansions not only for large values of the noncentrality parameter but also for large values of the degrees of freedom parameter. In some cases, we accept more than one large parameter. These results are not only in terms of elementary functions, but also in terms of the complementary error function and the incomplete gamma function. A number of numerical tests demonstrate the performance of the asymptotic approximations.     

Boundary-Connected Higher Order Weyl Semimetals in a Helix-Shaped Phononic Crystal

The proposal of higher-order topology leads to intriguing wave propagation properties beyond the conventional bulk-boundary principle in condensed matter physics. Theoretical and experimental models have been conducted to reveal exotic higher-order hinge and corner states in lower dimensions. Meanwhile, this concept is extended to semimetals and verified in platforms like acoustic and photonic systems. However, most existing schemes are confined to C_n-symmetric-like frameworks. Here a phononic higher-order Weyl semimetal (HOWSM) is put forward by introductions of artificial gauge flux shape. Distinguished from most existing schemes, the traditional two-dimensional lattice with a vertical screw-extending operation is deformed, which guarantees the emergence of higher-order Weyl points. The invariant index is utilized to measure different phases between non-trivial topological and normal insulators visibly. Simulation results indicate that the structure supports robust hinge wave transmission in a piling sample. This work brings new approaches for constructing HOWSMs and enriches the potential applications in manufacturing high-performance acoustic devices.     

热/机械载荷下功能梯度材料矩形厚板的弯曲行为

采用Reddy高阶剪切板理论，考虑材料物性参数随坐标和温度变化的特性，研究在均匀变化的温度场内功能梯度材料矩形板在面内与横向载荷共同作用下的横向弯曲问题，基于一维DQ法和Galerkin技术，给出了一对边固支，另对边任意约束时板弯曲问题的半解析解，以Si3N4/SUS304板为例考察了材料组份，温度场，面内载荷及边界约束条件等对功能梯度材料板弯曲行为的影响。     

Application de l'approximation polytropique à la Simulation Numérique Directe de gaz chaudsApplication of the polytropique approximation to Direct Numerical Simulation of heated gases

As alternative to the usual assumptions of Boussinesq, we propose, for heated gases, a new approximation called polytropic approximation. With this approximation the quantities of corresponding state are related by a polytropic law of exponent χ of which we neglect the variability in space-time derivations in the equations governing the flow considered. As application, we used this new proposition to solve numerically a heated gas flow in an annular cavity of rotor-stator type. We expose here the numerical method and some results of the polytropic approximation with comparison to results of Boussinesq approximations. To cite this article: S. Benjeddou et al., C. R. Mecanique 332 (2003).     

Simulation of crack spacing using a reinforced concrete model with an internal length parameter

Summary A gradient-enhanced smeared crack model and bond-slip interface elements are utilized in finite element simulations of reinforced concrete. The crack model is rooted in an enhanced plasticity theory. It uses the Rankine failure surface dependent on an equivalent inelastic strain measure as well as on its Laplacian. As a result, finitely sized fracture process zones and realistic crack spacings are obtained. A reinforced concrete bar in uniaxial tension is analyzed to demonstrate the regularizing influence of the internal length parameter in the model and to evaluate the influence of the model parameters on the energy dissipation in multiple cracks. A comparison of numerical simulations with experimental results for a beam without shear reinforcement in four-point bending concludes the analysis. Received 4 November 1997; accepted for publication 23 April 1998