Complexing DNA Origami Frameworks through Sequential Self‐Assembly Based on Directed Docking

Ordered DNA origami arrays have the potential to compartmentalize space into distinct periodic domains that can incorporate a variety of nanoscale objects. Herein, we used the cavities of a preassembled 2D DNA origami framework to incorporate square‐shaped DNA origami structures (SQ‐origamis). The framework was self‐assembled on a lipid bilayer membrane from cross‐shaped DNA origami structures (CR‐origamis) and subsequently exposed to the SQ‐origamis. High‐speed AFM revealed the dynamic adsorption/desorption behavior of the SQ‐origamis, which resulted in continuous changing of their arrangements in the framework. These dynamic SQ‐origamis were trapped in the cavities by increasing the Mg²⁺ concentration or by introducing sticky‐ended cohesions between extended staples, both from the SQ‐ and CR‐origamis, which enabled the directed docking of the SQ‐origamis. Our study offers a platform to create supramolecular structures or systems consisting of multiple DNA origami components.     

一个基于张量火车分解的张量填充方法及在图像恢复中的应用

低秩张量填充在数据恢复中有广泛应用, 基于张量火车(TT) 分解的张量填充模型在彩色图像和视频以及互联网数据恢复中应用效果良好。本文提出一个基于三阶张量TT分解的填充模型。在模型中, 引入稀疏正则项与时空正则项, 分别刻画核张量的稀疏性和数据固有的块相似性。根据问题的结构特点, 引入辅助变量将原模型等价转化成可分离形式, 并采用临近交替极小化(PAM) 与交替方向乘子法(ADMM) 相结合的方法求解模型。数值实验表明, 两正则项的引入有利于提高数据恢复的稳定性和实际效果, 所提出方法优于其他方法。在采样率较低或图像出现结构性缺失时, 其方法效果较为显著。     

14N pulsed nuclear quadrupole resonance. 3. Effect of a pulse train. Optimal conditions for data averaging

The calculations developed in this paper aim at determining the optimal conditions of a NQR experiment when a transition is monitored by means of a pulse train with pulses of identical duration and signal acquisition after each pulse; coherences are assumed to vanish by effective transverse relaxation prior to every new pulse. These calculations demonstrate that, as in NMR, a steady state is effectively reached for any value of the recycle time. However, by contrast with NMR, it is shown that, for optimal data averaging under steady state conditions, the recycle time T can be kept as low as possible (the only limitation is the acquisition time). Nutation curves (signal amplitude versus pulse length) calculated in the steady state case are shown to depend strongly on the ratio T/T ₁ (T ₁: longitudinal relaxation time). The signal growth as a function of T/T ₁under averaging of the first transients has been evaluated as well as the number of pulses necessary for reaching a steady state.     

高速逆流色谱双水相体系分离蛋白质

利用多分离柱高速逆流色谱仪,研究了聚乙二醇1000(PEG1000)-磷酸盐双水相体系的固定相保留率及该体系对蛋白质混合物和鸡蛋清样品的分离。以14.0%PEG1000-16.0%磷酸盐体系的上相为固定相,在流速0.6 mL/min和转速900 r/min的条件下,固定相的保留率达到33.3%。在pH 9.2的PEG1000-磷酸盐双水相体系中,细胞色素C、溶菌酶和血红蛋白的分配系数差异最大,采用该pH值的14.0%PEG1000-16.0%磷酸钾盐双水相体系,在流速1.0 mL/min和转速850 r/min的条件下,成功地分离了这3种蛋白质的混合物。鸡蛋清中的主要蛋白质成分卵转铁蛋白、卵白蛋白和溶菌酶在pH 9.2的15.0%PEG1000-17.0%磷酸钾盐体系中也具有最大的分配系数差异。采用该体系,在流速1.0 mL/min和转速850 r/min的条件下,成功地分离了鸡蛋清样品,得到的卵白蛋白、溶菌酶和卵转铁蛋白的电泳纯度分别为100％,100％和60％,收率均大于90％。     

Surface Assembly of DNA Origami on a Lipid Bilayer Observed Using High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy

The micrometer-scale assembly of various DNA nanostructures is one of the major challenges for further progress in DNA nanotechnology. Programmed patterns of 1D and 2D DNA origami assembly using specific DNA strands and micrometer-sized lattice assembly using cross-shaped DNA origami were performed on a lipid bilayer surface. During the diffusion of DNA origami on the membrane surface, the formation of lattices and their rearrangement in real-time were observed using high-speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM). The formed lattices were used to further assemble DNA origami tiles into their cavities. Various patterns of lattice–tile complexes were created by changing the interactions between the lattice and tiles. For the control of the nanostructure formation, the photo-controlled assembly and disassembly of DNA origami were performed reversibly, and dynamic assembly and disassembly were observed on a lipid bilayer surface using HS-AFM. Using a lipid bilayer for DNA origami assembly, it is possible to perform a hierarchical assembly of multiple DNA origami nanostructures, such as the integration of functional components into a frame architecture.     

Novel solvent-free reaction of C60 with active methylene compounds in the presence of Na2CO3 under high-speed vibration milling

Inorganic base, Na₂CO₃, was utilized to replace organic base, DBU, in the Bingel reaction employing diethyl bromomalonate under the mechanochemical ‘high-speed vibration milling’ conditions to give the cyclopropanated C₆₀1 in high yield. In contrast, reactions of C₆₀ with diethyl malonate and ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of Na₂CO₃ under HSVM conditions afforded 1,4-bisadduct 2 and dihydrofuran-fused C₆₀ derivative 3, respectively.     

爆轰加载下柱壳断裂时刻微小差异测量方法

对于断裂时刻差异较小的对比实验,提出一种判读方法:同时采用高速摄影和干涉测速,利用高速摄影判读壳体断裂时刻应变,利用干涉测速获取壳体位移及应变曲线,两者结合得出较为精确的壳体断裂时刻差异。利用该方法得出45钢柱壳在JO-9159和JOB-9003两种炸药加载下断裂时间相差0.45 μs,钨合金柱壳在两种炸药加载下的断裂时间相差0.39 μs。同时该方法可以推广应用于单发壳体膨胀断裂实验中,更精确测定壳体的断裂时刻。     

柱形装药水中爆炸气泡的形态演变

 采用高速摄影方法在实验水箱中获得了长径比为3.35~6.75的柱形PETN炸药水中爆炸气泡脉动的图像,进而结合真实的爆轰过程和Rayleigh气泡运动方程,研究了气泡的形态演变规律。研究结果表明,柱形装药在水中爆炸时,形成的初始气泡的形状为非球对称形,这种非对称特征随长径比的增加而增大。气泡表面的运动也表现出明显的非球对称特征,气泡表面在装药径向的膨胀运动呈指数衰减,在装药轴向两端的膨胀运动更接近于分段线性衰减。气泡表面的不对称运动与柱形装药水下爆炸的能量输出结构不均有关,与冲击波的有效能量分布规律是相似的。