一种限制周期气固两相流直接数值模拟中整体质量流率的新方法

全周期边界条件的气固两相流系统是研究气固相互作用的一个常用计算模型。为平衡周期气固系统在流向上的受力,常对系统施加平衡系统总重力的固定压力梯度,但由于数值误差的影响,这种固定压力梯度的方法会使得气固系统整体不断加速进而导致模拟失真。为了降低系统质心加速度的影响,本文先后采用了前人提出的固定整体质量流率方法和本文提出的压力梯度后验修正方法,并对两种方法的模拟结果进行了对比。     

MM工质热分解及其对ORC系统影响的研究

热稳定性是限制有机工质在有机朗肯循环(Organic Rankine Cycle,ORC)使用的重要因素。硅氧烷类工质具有低毒环保、化学性质稳定等优点,适用于150~350℃热源。本文研究了六甲基二硅氧烷(MM)工质热分解的特点及其对ORC系统的影响,结果表明,MM的热分解产物为硅氧烷类化合物及微量气态小分子碳氢化合物;热分解将导致系统性能下降,分解量足够大时,会出现蒸发器换热不充分导致膨胀机入口处工质干度低于1从而影响机组安全的问题。     

Darboux transformation and exact multisolitons for a matrix coupled dispersionless system

We present a matrix coupled dispersionless(CD) system. A Lax pair for the matrix CD system is proposed and Darboux transformation is constructed on the solutions of the matrix CD system and the associated Lax pair. We express an N soliton formula for the solutions of the matrix CD system in terms of quasideterminants. By using properties of the quasideterminants, we obtain some exact solutions, including bright and dark-type solitons, rogue wave and breather solutions of the matrix CD system. Furthermore, it has been shown that the solutions of the matrix CD system are expressed in terms of solutions to the usual CD system, sine-Gordon equation and Maxwell-Bloch system.     

Observation of chimera patterns in a network of symmetric chaotic finance systems

The economic and financial systems consist of many nonlinear factors that make them behave as the complex systems. Recently many chaotic finance systems have been proposed to study the complex dynamics of finance as a noticeable problem in economics. In fact, the intricate structure between financial institutions can be obtained by using a network of financial systems. Therefore, in this paper, we consider a ring network of coupled symmetric chaotic finance systems, and investigate its behavior by varying the coupling parameters. The results show that the coupling strength and range have significant effects on the behavior of the coupled systems, and various patterns such as the chimera and multi-chimera states are observed. Furthermore, changing the parameters' values, remarkably influences on the oscillators attractors. When several synchronous clusters are formed, the attractors of the synchronized oscillators are symmetric, but different from the single oscillator attractor.     

Superperiodicity,chaos and coexisting orbits of ion-acoustic waves in a four-component nonextensive plasma

Superperiodicity, chaos and coexisting orbits of ion-acoustic waves (IAWs) are studied in a multi-component plasma consisting of fluid ions, q -nonextensive cold and hot electrons and Maxwellian hot positrons. The significant impacts of the system parameters on superperiodic and nonlinear periodic IAWs are presented. Considering an external periodic perturbation various types of quasiperiodic and chaotic features for IAWs are studied in different parametric ranges through time series’ plots, phase spaces and Lyapunov exponents. It has been observed that there exist some coexisting orbits for IAWs. Coexisting orbits for IAWs in a classical electron–positron–ion plasma system are reported.     

Experimental and numerical study of the propagation of focused wave groups in the nearshore zone

The propagation of focused wave groups in intermediate water depth and the shoaling zone is experimentally and numerically considered in this paper. The experiments are carried out in a two-dimensional wave flume and wave trains derived from Pierson-Moskowitz and JONSWAP spectrum are generated. The peak frequency does not change during the wave train propagation for Pierson-Moskowitz waves; however, a downshift of this peak is observed for JONSWAP waves. An energy partitioning is performed in order to track the spatial evolution of energy. Four energy regions are defined for each spectrum type. A nonlinear energy transfer between different spectral regions as the wave train propagates is demonstrated and quantified. Numerical simulations are conducted using a modified Boussinesq model for long waves in shallow waters of varying depth. Experimental results are in satisfactory agreement with numerical predictions, especially in the case of wave trains derived from JONSWAP spectrum.     

基于科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器

太赫兹滤波器是太赫兹通信、太赫兹成像和太赫兹检测等太赫兹应用系统中不可或缺的功能器件。按照不同的分类方式,滤波器有不同的种类,常见的按照选频功能可分为高通滤波器、低通滤波器、带阻滤波器和带通滤波器。为了实现在太赫兹波段的滤波效果,世界各地的研究人员利用不同的结构、材料和控制方式实现了功能各异的太赫兹滤波器,但是考虑到设计的器件要应用到太赫兹系统中,成本低廉、结构简单、性能优越的太赫兹滤波器一直是研究人员的追求。分形概念自提出以来在很多研究领域都有了快速发展,但是在太赫兹波段的应用还不是很常见,特别是应用于太赫兹功能器件的设计。引入分形中科赫曲线的概念设计并制备了一种新型的太赫兹带通滤波器,该滤波器是在金属薄膜上刻蚀出科赫曲线分形结构,当太赫兹波垂直入射到该滤波器时候实现了在太赫兹波段的窄带滤波。在滤波器的设计过程中,追求理论与实验相结合,首先在电磁仿真软件中建立科赫曲线分形结构滤波器模型进行计算,探究分形结构应用于太赫兹波段进行滤波的可行性,在进行多次计算之后得到优化后的尺寸和结构,然后根据优化后的尺寸加工出科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹滤波器样品,并且将样品放在太赫兹时域光谱系统中进行实验测量,得到实验数据后与仿真结果进行比较。在仿真中利用了时域有限差分法模拟科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器的传输特性,优化后的仿真结果表明:滤波器的谐振频率为0.715 THz,透射系数能够达到0.92,-3 dB带宽为21.9 GHz,将仿真得到的散射参数进行S参数反演得到了太赫兹滤波器样品的电磁参数,这在理论上分析了太赫兹波在谐振点处产生透射增强的原因。利用飞秒激光微加工系统制备了尺寸优化后的科赫曲线分形结构太赫兹带通滤波器样品,然后使用太赫兹时域光谱系统对样品的传输特性进行测试,对实验得到的时域数据进行快速傅里叶变换之后得到频域数据,再把频域数据进行归一化处理后与之前的电磁仿真结果进行对比,发现实验测得的结果与电磁软件仿真得到的结果较为吻合。     

高分辨率微型星载相机光学系统的设计及应用

为了克服太空环境的复杂性,满足航天工程的空间使用要求,研制一款2 500万像素宽光谱共焦成像的微型星载相机光学系统。该系统适应卫星发射和在轨道运行的恶劣环境,具有抗冲击震动、耐太空高温差强辐射,体积小,质量轻等优点。设计的系统可在450 nm～800 nm的谱段内清晰成像,焦距181 mm,入瞳口径45 mm,视场角10.4°,边缘相对照度0.81,轴上点MTF:0.57@55 lp/mm,0.33@110 lp/mm,畸变1.2%,镜头质量622 g,外形尺寸Φ58.3 mm×117 mm,抗辐照性能≥5 krad。通过温度适应性的模拟和优化,用户进行?30 ℃～+70 ℃光学镜头热真空试验,可正常工作。该系统已成功应用于天宫二号伴飞卫星相机中,获得的图像清晰稳定,为空间遥感实验观测发挥了重要的作用。     

大视场反射式施密特光学系统设计与检测

大视场、低成本、高性能天文望远镜是当前研究和开发的热点。基于像差平衡原理,在正入射施密特矫正板基础上推导出斜入射反射式施密特矫正板方程,针对焦距1 700 mm,成像视场角4°,波段为0.4 μm～0.9 μm,F数为4.25的光学系统,求解出施密特矫正板方程,并作为初始结构参数代入Zemax软件进一步优化。设计结果表明,在全视场范围内,该系统在奈奎斯特频率100 lp/mm处的调制传递函数MTF大于0.35,畸变小于2.5%,成像质量达到了衍射极限。优化设计后施密特矫正板与最近球面最大偏差为0.005 mm,采用特制的补偿器结合干涉仪可完成面形高精度检测。该施密特系统的设计为大视场、宽波段天文望远镜的开发提供了参考。     

基于像差特征分析的变焦光学系统装调

提出了一种基于像差特征分析的变焦系统共轴性装调方法。针对某型20倍变焦光学系统的装调,在分析变焦光学系统装调要求的基础上,通过采用光学定心加工技术,提高变焦系统各镜组内光学元件的同轴度;采用Zygo干涉仪,检测变焦系统在长短焦位置的像差特性分布;借助CodeV软件仿真计算各光学元件在系统中的公差灵敏度分布,并确定产生像差影响的敏感光学元件;在中心偏测量仪上,完成最终光学系统像质的调整。此外,还设计了一种变焦光学系统各动组间同轴度调试装置,对变焦相机主镜筒机械内孔轴线与直线导轨的平行性进行了精确测量,保证了动组组元光轴的同轴精度。装调结果表明:变焦系统成像质量有明显改善,像面一致性得到保证,长短焦轴上传递函数值分别优于技术要求值0.45和0.55,长短焦轴外0.7视场传递函数值优于0.25和0.35,实现了高精度装调,验证了该方法的可靠性。