重型颅脑损伤患者早期进入ICU监护治疗的临床意义

目的研究早期进入ICU监护治疗的方式对救治重型颅脑损伤患者的影响。方法选择2013年1月—2015年7月收治的200例重型颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组100例。对照组采用常规普通病房治疗,治疗组采用早期进入ICU监护治疗。观察比较两组患者实施各项治疗措施所需时间、治疗4周内病死率、治疗4周后生存患者平均神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分、治疗4周后生存患者平均Barthel指数评分。结果治疗组在人工辅助通气道建立、高热缓解、术前准备等各项治疗措施平均耗时显著少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组治疗4周内病死率2.0%,显著低于对照组病死率10.0%(P0.05)。治疗4周后,治疗组生存患者平均神经功能缺损评分显著低于对照组(P0.05),治疗组生存患者平均Barthel指数评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论早期进入ICU监护治疗的方式对救治重型颅脑损伤患者治疗效果显著,能够更快的完成治疗措施、改善预后、改善神经功能恢复情况、降低死率。     

An overview of lipid membrane supported by colloidal particles

In recent years, original hybrid assemblies composed of a particle core surrounded by a lipid shell emerged as promising entities for various biotechnological applications. Their broadened bio-potentialities, ranging from model membrane systems or biomolecule screening supports, to substance delivery reservoirs or therapeutic vectors, are furthered by their versatility of composition due to the possible wide variation in the particle nature and size, as well as in the lipid formulation. The synthesis, the characteristics, and the uses of these Lipid/Particle assemblies encountered in the literature so far are reviewed, and classified according to the spherical core size in order to highlight general trends. Moreover, several criteria are particularly discussed: i) the interactions involved between the particles and the lipids, and implicitly the assembly elaboration mechanism, ii) the most suited techniques for an accurate characterization of the entities from structural and physicochemical points of view, and iii) the remarkable properties of the solid-supported lipid membrane obtained.     

Comparative Study on Curcumin Loaded in Golden Pompano (Trachinotus blochii) Head Phospholipid and Soybean Lecithin Liposomes: Preparation,Characteristics and Anti-Inflammatory Properties

In this study, we compared the characteristics and in vitro anti-inflammatory effects of two curcumin liposomes, prepared with golden pompano head phospholipids (GPL) and soybean lecithin (SPC). GPL liposomes (GPL-lipo) and SPC liposomes (SPC-lipo) loaded with curcumin (CUR) were prepared by thin film extrusion, and the differences in particle size, ζ-potential, morphology, and storage stability were investigated. The results show that GPL-lipo and SPC-lipo were monolayer liposomes with a relatively small particle size and excellent encapsulation rates. However, GPL-lipo displayed a larger negative ζ-potential and better storage stability compared to SPC-lipo. Subsequently, the effects of phospholipids in regulating the inflammatory response of macrophages were evaluated in vitro, based on the synergistic effect with CUR. The results showed that both GPL and SPC exerted excellent synergistic effect with CUR in inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and pro-inflammatory genes (tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin 1β (IL-β), and interleukin 6 (IL-6)) in RAW264.7 cells. Interestingly, GPL-lipo displayed superior inhibitory effects, compared to SPC-lipo. The findings provide a new innovative bioactive carrier for development of stable CUR liposomes with good functional properties.     

向日葵盘果胶对碳钢的缓蚀性能研究

以向日葵盘为原料,利用纤维素酶制备果胶(SFP)。采用静态失重、极化曲线和交流阻抗技术研究SFP在1mol/L HCl及0.5mol/L H_2SO_4溶液中对碳钢的缓蚀性能,并探讨其在碳钢表面的吸附机理。结果表明,缓蚀效率随SFP浓度增大而增大,随温度升高而降低。在HCl和H_2SO_4溶液中,SFP的吸附方式分别服从Langmuir和Temkin等温式,属于物理吸附;极化曲线测试显示SFP是一种混合型缓蚀剂。本文的研究表明,向日葵盘果胶是碳钢的绿色高效缓蚀剂,且在HCl溶液中的缓蚀性能优于在H_2SO_4溶液中。     

ECAP过程压头压力的分析——试验与模拟

结合试验与数值模拟探讨了等通道转角挤压（EqualChannelAngularPressing,简称ECAP）过程中影响压头压力的主要因素。通过试验考察了A、Ba、Bc、C等四种挤压路径下压头压力测试的统计平均分布特征和大小、挤压速度对于压头压力的影响、其它影响压头压力的因素;试验结果显示了不同路径、不同挤压道次对压头压力大小的影响及压力值的显著差别。另外,针对等通道转角挤压过程中模具的转角角度、转角半径、模具与挤压试样之间的摩擦条件等因素与压头中压力的关系,采用有限元方法进行了大应变数值模拟。模拟结果显示：较小的模具转角、较大的转角曲率、粗糙的接触表面会显著增加压头中压力;试验与模拟研究可为ECAP过程及类似加工过程的力学分析提供参考。     

Headspace single-drop microextraction of common pesticide contaminants in honey–method development and comparison with other extraction methods

In the present study the main factors that may influence the headspace single-drop microextraction (HS-SDME) of common pesticide contaminants (diazinon, lindane, chlorpyrifos ethyl, p,p′-DDE, and endosulfan) that may occur in honey were determined and an analytical protocol was further developed by the use of a multivariate optimization. The HS-SDME analytical method developed and two more analytical protocols for the determination of pesticides in honey: (i) by direct SDME (D-SDME), and (ii) by liquid–liquid extraction (LLE), were further validated for the determination of target analytes. The three methods were also applied in the same real honey samples and results were further discussed. By D-SDME, LODs ranged from 0.04?µg?kg^?1 for β-endosulfan to 2.40?µg?kg^?1 for diazinon and repeatability expressed as %RSD from 3 for lindane to 15 for diazinon and chlorpyrifos methyl; by HS-SDME, LODs ranged from 0.07?µg?kg^?1 for p,p′-DDE to 12.54?µg?kg^?1 for chlorpyrifos methyl and repeatability expressed as %RSD from 11 for chlorpyrifos methyl to 19 for p,p′-DDE; by LLE, LODs ranged from 0.09?µg?kg^?1 for β-endosulfan to 19.31?µg?kg^?1 for diazinon and repeatability expressed as %RSD from 6 for p,p′-DDE to 11 for lindane. For all target pesticides but p,p′-DDE that could not be recovered by D-SDME method tested. The proposed HS-SDME optimized in this study was shown to be the method of choice for the determination of diazinon in honey whereas the most favourable analytical characteristics from the comparative study performed were achieved by D-SDME.     

Looking back at perpendicular magnetic recording R&D in NEC

This paper reports perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) circumstances and the results based on the reference published by NEC. The PMR flexible disks using Co-Cr-Ta films were investigated. Pass wear durability of Co-Cr-Ta film strongly depends on the base film surface roughness and Young's modulus values of Co-Cr-Ta films. Pass wear durability, more than 10 million passes, was confirmed under a high temperature (60 °C) and a high humidity (80% RH) condition, as well as a low temperature (5 °C) condition. The read/write characteristics for double-layered PMR media were examined by using a combination of a single-pole-type (SPT) write head and a magnetoresistive (MR) read head, and a conventional merged ring type inductive (ID) write head/MR read head. By differential equalization of the reproduced voltage, the bit error rate less than 10⁻⁶ at 3 Gb/in.² was obtained for the SPT/MR head combination. The antenna effect for PMR realization was analyzed using the merged ring type ID/MR head. In order to increase the magnetic circuit resistance from the ID head pole to the soft underlayer, we developed the sendust (FeAlSi) soft underlayer with low magnetic permeability. We confirmed that the recorded signal has better stability under the ID/MR head-loaded condition than the SPT head-loaded condition. These results show that there are the head and media solutions to realize PMR. We had confidence that we could use the basic structure of the commercial ID/MR head for the PMR head.     

Giant Magnetoresistance and Coercivity of electrodeposited multilayered FeCoNi/Cu and CrFeCoNi/Cu

The effect of Cr addition on electrodeposited multilayered nanowires CrFeCoNi/Cu was investigated from a magnetic property perspective: current perpendicular to the plane-Giant Magnetoresistance (CPP-GMR) and Coercivity (BH loops). The magnetic behavior of multilayered nanowires of CrFeNiCo/Cu was also affected by the alloy deposition potential, alloy pulsing time (layer thickness) and number of bilayers. Furthermore, the addition of Cr influenced both the nanowires GMR and Coercivity. Cr addition to the ferromagnetic FeCoNi layer induced a reduction in the room temperature GMR from 10.64% to 5.62%; however, the magnetic saturation field decreased from 0.45 to 0.27 T. The increase in the number of bilayers, from 1000 to 2500, resulted in a higher GMR value, 14.56% with 0.35 T magnetic saturation field. Addition of Cr to the ferromagnetic layer decreased the coercivity from 0.015 to 0.0054 T. Low saturation field CPP-GMR nanowires showing low coercivity at room temperature opens a new door for magnetic sensing devices. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on electrodeposited CrFeCoNi/Cu multilayered nanowires.     

反应堆压力容器防断裂设计的规范法和分析法比较

针对AP1000反应堆压力容器的上封头部分,采用规范法计算了反应堆启动和停堆瞬态下表面椭圆形裂纹前沿的应力强度因子.计算结果表明在反应堆启动过程中,上封头外表面裂纹比内表面裂纹更加危险;而停堆过程中,内表面裂纹比外表面裂纹危险.对于远离结构不连续区,环向和径向裂纹前沿的应力强度因子相差不大.但是对于临近结构不连续处,反应堆启动过程中环向裂纹比径向裂纹危险;而停堆过程中,径向裂纹比环向裂纹危险.经评价表明该缺陷符合ASME安全设计的要求.同时建立含真实裂纹的三维有限元模型进行了防断裂分析评价.通过两种方法的对比表明,传统的规范法比有限元方法偏保守.     

Micromagnetic modeling of magnoise in magnetoresistive read sensors

Practical methods for micromagnetic modeling of broadband magnetic thermal fluctuation noise in magnetoresistive CPP read sensors/heads are described using a matrix form of the linearized Gilbert equations. The scaling of magnetic signal/noise vs. device size and geometry is considered in detail, as are the individual normal-mode fluctuations of free and reference layers. Natural-mode stability analysis methods for spin-torque effects is also briefly considered.