全文获取类型
收费全文 | 10809篇 |
免费 | 537篇 |
国内免费 | 2057篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 9959篇 |
晶体学 | 188篇 |
力学 | 148篇 |
综合类 | 90篇 |
数学 | 1348篇 |
物理学 | 1670篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 7篇 |
2023年 | 112篇 |
2022年 | 207篇 |
2021年 | 244篇 |
2020年 | 244篇 |
2019年 | 252篇 |
2018年 | 225篇 |
2017年 | 283篇 |
2016年 | 300篇 |
2015年 | 247篇 |
2014年 | 322篇 |
2013年 | 818篇 |
2012年 | 579篇 |
2011年 | 721篇 |
2010年 | 614篇 |
2009年 | 816篇 |
2008年 | 791篇 |
2007年 | 753篇 |
2006年 | 708篇 |
2005年 | 643篇 |
2004年 | 619篇 |
2003年 | 474篇 |
2002年 | 430篇 |
2001年 | 324篇 |
2000年 | 347篇 |
1999年 | 260篇 |
1998年 | 219篇 |
1997年 | 241篇 |
1996年 | 209篇 |
1995年 | 229篇 |
1994年 | 205篇 |
1993年 | 173篇 |
1992年 | 158篇 |
1991年 | 115篇 |
1990年 | 87篇 |
1989年 | 88篇 |
1988年 | 56篇 |
1987年 | 30篇 |
1986年 | 45篇 |
1985年 | 23篇 |
1984年 | 27篇 |
1983年 | 11篇 |
1982年 | 20篇 |
1981年 | 29篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 12篇 |
1974年 | 7篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
951.
G. Z. Stasevich V. L. Stepanenko M. V. Kudrevatykh O. Yu. Avrutina O. N. Bubel 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2003,39(6):707-712
5-Hydroxy-3-(1-oxo-2,3-epoxyalkyl)benzofurans were obtained with yields of up to 81% by the reaction of p-benzoquinone with oxiranyl -dimethylaminovinyl ketones in acetic acid. 相似文献
952.
We develop a notion of an n-fold monoidal category and show that it corresponds in a precise way to the notion of an n-fold loop space. Specifically, the group completion of the nerve of such a category is an n-fold loop space, and free n-fold monoidal categories give rise to a finite simplicial operad of the same homotopy type as the classical little cubes operad used to parametrize the higher H-space structure of an n-fold loop space. We also show directly that this operad has the same homotopy type as the n-th Smith filtration of the Barratt-Eccles operad and the n-th filtration of Berger's complete graph operad. Moreover, this operad contains an equivalent preoperad which gives rise to Milgram's small model for when n=2 and is very closely related to Milgram's model of for n>2. 相似文献
953.
V. F. Murzina 《Algebra and Logic》2003,42(3):181-191
A modal logic associated with the
-spaces introduced by Ershov is examined. We construct a modal calculus that is complete w.r.t. the class of all strictly linearly ordered
-frames, and the class of all strictly linearly ordered
-frames. 相似文献
954.
S. Yu. Podzorov 《Algebra and Logic》2003,42(2):121-129
S. Goncharov and S. Badaev showed that for
, there exist infinite families whose Rogers semilattices contain ideals without minimal elements. In this connection, the question was posed as to whether there are examples of families that lack this property. We answer this question in the negative. It is proved that independently of a family chosen, the class of semilattices that are principal ideals of the Rogers semilattice of that family is rather wide: it includes both a factor lattice of the lattice of recursively enumerable sets modulo finite sets and a family of initial segments in the semilattice of
-degrees generated by immune sets. 相似文献
955.
I. I. Kapustina L. P. Ponomarenko O. P. Moiseenko V. A. Stonik 《Chemistry of Natural Compounds》2001,37(6):515-519
NMR spectroscopy, capillary GLC, and GLC-MS are used to study the composition of free and sulfated sterols from the far-east starfishLeptasterias alaskensis asiatica(Fischer) andL. Fisheri(Djakonov). The total free sterols of both species are shown to have similar qualitative and quantitative compositions and contain mainly7
-sterols. Sterol sulfate fractions contain cholesterol sulfate as the main component but differ in the ratios of5
:0
:7
-sterol derivatives. Possible reasons for these differences are discussed. A new steroid, 3-hydroxycholest-5-en-7-one sulfate, was isolated. 相似文献
956.
Pregnenolone (2) is used in a novel synthesis of 2,3,20-triacetoxy-6-ketosteroid (6), a key intermediate in the preparation of 20-hydroxyecdysone (1) 相似文献
957.
Károly Lázár Nicolas Micheaud R. Magdolna Mihályi Gabriella Pál-Borbély Hermann K. Beyer 《Reaction Kinetics and Catalysis Letters》2001,74(2):289-298
Three variants of solid-state ion exchange were studied. Iron exchange was found to proceed in the first case, in theFeCl2+NH4ZSM-5 FeZSM-5 + NH4Cl process, even at low exchange capacity (Si/Al = 25).The second, Fe2O3 (hematite) + HZ direct reaction does not result in any noticeable interaction for eitherZ = Y or ZSM-5. This process can significantly be promoted by introducing CCl4 vapor via forming chlorine-containingmobile species. However, the structure of the Y zeolite largely collapses during this treatment, whereas the crystalline state of ZSM-5is preserved. 相似文献
958.
Tibor Novák Péter Bakó György Keglevich András Dobó Károly Vékey László Tóke 《Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry》2001,40(3):207-212
Five chiral -D-glucose-based monoaza-15-crown-5 ethers with phosphinoxidoalkyl side chains of one to five carbon atoms (5a–e)have been synthesised. The cation binding ability of the new lariat ethers was evaluated bythe picrate extraction method. The substituents at the nitrogen atom were not a major influenceon the cation extraction ability of the azacrown ether; the compounds showed, however, a significant asymmetric induction as phase transfer catalysts in the Michael addition of2-nitropropane to chalcone (95% ee). 相似文献
959.
We analyze the role and influence of a tradition of research linked to the concept of
primary matter
in nineteenth-century studies on the nature of the elements.The suggestion of William Prout
(1785-1850) in 1816 that the atomic weights of pure chemical elements are whole numbers and
multiples of the atomic weight of hydrogen, taken as unity, was met with serious confutations,which
in turn prompted several attempts to save Prouts hypothesis.We discuss these attempts in detail
and the objections raised against them, for instance by Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834-1907).
We pay particular attention to the use of spectroscopy as a method for proving the existence of
elementary forms of matter inside atoms. Leaders in this field of research were two English scientists,
the astrophysicist Norman Lockyer (1836-1920) and the chemist William Crookes (1832-
1919). Both of their approaches involved the idea of primary matter. However, while Crookess
approach proved to be incorrect, Lockyers ideas survived for several years and supported the discovery
of the electron by J.J.Thomson (1856-1940). 相似文献
960.
R.A. Radhi 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2003,16(3):387-392
Electron scattering Coulomb form factors for the single-particle quadrupole transitions in p-shell and sd-shell nuclei have been studied. Core polarization effects are included through a microscopic theory that includes excitations
from the core orbits up to higher orbits with 2ω excitations. The modified surface delta interaction is adopted as a residual
interaction. The results are discussed for the ( 1p
1/2
-1↦1p
3/2
-1) proton transition in 15N, ( 1d
5/2↦2s
1/2) neutron transition in 17O and ( 1d
3/2
-1↦2s
1/2
-1) proton transition in 39K. The inclusion of core polarization effects modifies the form factors markedly and describes the experimental data very
well in both the absolute strength and the momentum transfer dependence.
Received: 18 April 2002 / Accepted: 1 July 2002 / Published online: 6 March 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: baguniv@uruklink.net
Communicated by A. Molinari 相似文献