Phase Relations in the Ni–Mn–Ga Ternary System and Aging Effect on Shape Memory Properties of Ferromagnetic Ni<Subscript>2</Subscript>MnGa Sputtered Films

Summary. Isothermal sections of the Ni–Mn–Ga ternary phase diagram at 1073 and 1273 K were investigated over a wide range of alloy compositions. The range of the β-Ni₂MnGa phase, its equilibria with the γ-(Mn, Ni), α′-Ni₃Ga, and γ-Ni₃Ga₂ phases, and the liquidus and solidus lines were determined experimentally. The aging effect on the shape memory effect (SME) of Ni₂MnGa sputtered films was also investigated. The two-way SME of the constraint-aged films was confirmed by the temperature change.     

现场表面拉曼光谱研究Fe-Mo合金诱导共沉积

现场表面拉曼光谱结果显示，在0．2mol·L-1Na2MoO4,pH＝4．0的溶液中，电位正于0．5V（vsSCE）时只观察到多钼酸盐的拉曼峰（940、880和450cm-1）．负于-0．5V时，出现中心位于730cm-1的宽峰．同时电极表面有蓝色膜生成．表明混合氧化态（MO（Ⅳ），MO（Ⅴ））氧化膜的形成．730cm-1的峰在-1．9V时仍然存在，说明氧化膜没有被进一步还原．在钼酸钠溶液中同时含有0．1mol·L-1FeSO4和0．2mol·L-1柠檬酸时，中间态氧化膜的拉曼峰的中心移到740cm-1．且峰强度随着电位从-1．3V负移到-1．9V而逐渐减弱并最终消失．电极表面沉积层呈银白色，说明由于Fe2 的存在，钼的中间态氧化膜的结构发生了变化，能够被进一步还原形成Fe－Mo合金，表现出诱导共沉积的特征．     

纳米镍-铁合金/膨胀石墨复合材料的制备、表征及其电磁屏蔽性能

The composites with nano-particles of Ni-Fe alloys dispersed on the nano-layers of expanded graphite (EG) were prepared by the impregnation of EG with ethanol solutions of nickel and iron acetates， followed by drying and reduction in H₂. The square nano-particles of Ni-Fe alloys with particle sizes of mainly 20～40 nm were found to be well spread on the layers of EG. The alloy nano-particles exhibited high shielding effectiveness (SE) for electromagnetic radiations at low frequencies due to their high magnetic conductivity. Since EG is electronically conductive and displayed high SE at high frequencies， the composites exhibited good SE at wide range of frequencies. The electric and magnetic conductivities of the composites could be monitored through regulating the loadings of alloy nano-particles on EG， and it was found that the composites with 20%～40% of the alloys exhibited good SE. Specifically， the composite 27%Ni-3%Fe-EG showed the excellent SE from 66 to 110 dB at the frequencies from 300 kHz to 1.5 GHz.     

高电导率的a—SiHY合金的低温电导特性

用射央求地在硅单晶衬底上沉积出电导率高达６０Ｓ／ｃｍ的ａ－ＳｉＨＹ合金薄膜。在２０－３００Ｋ，对于钇含量高的样品，其电导仍是热激活的。ｌｇσ与１／Ｔ的关系曲线能够被拟合成斜率不同的两条直线，直线的斜率和两直线间拐点所地 温度依赖于膜中钇的含量。但对钇含量低的薄膜，电导对温度的依赖关系度为σ∝ｅｘｐ（－１／Ｔ＾１／４）。结果表明，这些钇含量不同的样品在没的温度范围内具有不同的导电机制。     

LaNi4.7Al0.3单颗粒微电极电化学行为的研究

报道了一种单颗粒微电极制备新方法, 并研究了LaNi4.7Al0.3球形单颗粒微电极的电化学行为.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱测定稀土铝合金中稀土和非稀土元素

本工作用 ICP-AES 法测定稀土-6063变形铝合金中 La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Fe、Mg、Ti、Zn,Cu 和 Mn,本方法不用化学分离,可一次同时测定这些元素,并做了 ICP光源参数、基体量变化、酸度(HCl)变化、稀土总量变化、共存元素 Fe 和 Mg 量的变化对被测元素的影响。本方法速度快、准确度高(除 Cu 稍差)。回收率91.0～110.0%,相对标准偏差±1.4～8.0%。     

Ni-B和Ni-Ce-B超细非晶态合金的退火晶化及其催化性能

 采用XAFS,XRD和DTA方法研究了Ni－B和Ni－Ce－B超细非晶态合金在退火过程中的结构变化及其结构与催化性能的关系．活性结果表明,在退火温度为623K时,Ni－B和Ni－Ce－B样品的苯加氢催化反应转化率最高,分别为63％和81％,0．3％Ce的掺入提高了Ni－Ce－B的催化活性．DTA结果表明,Ni－B超细非晶态合金在598和653K有两个晶化峰,而Ni－Ce－B样品有548,603,696和801K四个晶化峰．XAFS和XRD结果进一步说明,在573K退火时,Ni－B样品晶化生成晶态Ni3B和纳米晶Ni,此时Ni－Ce－B仅有少量晶态Ni3B生成．在673K退火时,Ni－B样品中的Ni3B开始分解生成晶态Ni,同时纳米晶Ni聚集并形成大颗粒晶态Ni,而Ni－Ce－B样品晶化生成晶态Ni3B和纳米晶Ni．在773K和更高的温度退火处理后,Ni－B样品中Ni的局域环境结构与金属Ni箔基本一致,但Ni－Ce－B样品晶化生成的Ni晶格有较大畸变,同时Ni3B并未分解．说明0．3％的Ce对提高Ni－Ce－B样品的稳定性有显著作用．本文首次报道了Ni－B和Ni－Ce－B超细非晶态合金中苯加氢催化活性中心为纳米晶Ni和类似于金属Ni的Ni－B非晶态合金．     

Double Electric Layer on Liquid Sn-Ga Alloy in Acetonitrile Solutions of Electrolytes

The structure of the double electric layer (DEL) on a liquid dropping Sn-Ga electrode containing 8 at. % of Sn is studied in acetonitrile (AN) solutions of electrolytes. It is shown that the transition from aqueous to AN solutions of electrolytes makes it possible to expand the region of investigation of parameters of DEL on an Sn-Ga electrode from negative charges to a zero charge and to small positive charges. As follows from the obtained data, throughout the entire interval of charges studied, an excess, as compared with an Hg electrode, chemisorption interaction (Sn-Ga)-AN is absent. It is established that the distance of the closest approach of AN dipoles to an ionic core increases upon going from Hg to Sn-Ga to Ga. The Ga, Bi-Ga, and Sn-Ga electrodes, which possess close values of the “electrochemical work function,” are used as an example to show that the metal-solvent chemisorption interaction increases with decreasing distance of the closest approach of its dipoles to the ionic core of the metal. The effect of this factor becomes stronger as the donor number of the solvent increases.     

Structures and electrochemical characteristics of several kinds of alloys

The structures and the electrochemical characteristics of La_0.7−x Ce_xMg_0.3Ni_2.8Co_0.5 (x = 0.1–0.5) alloy, Ti_0.25−x Zr_xV_0.35Cr_0.1Ni_0.3 (x = 0.05–0.15) alloy and AB_3<x<5-type alloy, which are the representative examples of AB₃-type alloy, solid solution alloy and non-AB₅-type alloy, respectively, have been investigated, and the performances of MH-Ni battery in which AB_3<x<5 type alloy is used as the negative electrode material are examined at relatively low temperature.     

加速剂对化学镀镍层组成与结构的影响

加速剂对化学镀镍层组成与结构的影响方景礼，武勇，韩克平，张敏（南京大学应用化学研究所配位化学国家重点实验室南京２１００９３）关键词化学镀镍，Ｎｉ０Ｐ合金，加速剂，硫脲化学镀镍磷合金具有耐蚀性、可焊性、厚度均匀和硬度高等优点，已得到广泛应用。为提高生产...