组合式隔热陶瓷短杆高温SHPB实验技术

讨论和分析了当前高温分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实验技术,为了获得材料在高温下可靠的动态力学性能,建立了一套在压杆和试件之间添加隔热陶瓷短杆的高温SHPB实验系统。相比于传统接触式高温SHPB方案,该系统可以使用在更高的冲击载荷和温度下,与机械对杆方案相比,实验装置及其控制要简便许多。结合有限元模拟,对陶瓷短杆及温度场对压杆中应力波传播的影响进行了相应的评估,并利用这套实验系统得到了800℃下HR2抗氢钢的动态压缩应力-应变曲线。     

大理岩动态拉伸强度及弹性模量的SHPB实验研究

提出了获取脆性材料动态拉伸强度及弹性模量的实验步骤及相关记录数据的分析方法。利用直径为100mm的分离式Hopkinson压杆径向冲击巴西圆盘和平台巴西圆盘试样,测试了大理岩在高应变率加载下的动态力学性能。应力波加载下动态劈裂拉伸圆盘在试样中心产生了约45/s的拉伸应变率。分析了实验的有效性并考虑了试样两个端面应力波波形差异的影响以提高实验结果的精度。结果表明准静态下的公式可适用于动态劈裂拉伸实验;大理岩的动态拉伸强度及弹性模量比静态时有明显的增加。     

柔性扑翼的气动特性研究

以往扑翼的气动力计算研究都很少考虑扑翼的柔性,而在鸟的扑翼动作中,在外加气动力和鸟自身的扑动力作用下,扑翼的柔性变形相当大。本文在原有匀速刚性模型的基础上,提出考虑了扑翼扑动速率变化和形状变化的扑翼分析模型,使之更接近鸟翼柔性扑动真实情况。通过计算分析气动特性发现,控制适当的话,柔性变形能大大改善扑翼的气动性能。本文通过模拟鸟扑翼的柔性运动,计算了时柔性扑翼气动力以及平均升力系数和平均推力系数随着扑动角、倾斜角等参数变化的情况,从而从气动的角度解释了为什么鸟在不同的飞行阶段扑翼规律各不相同,并为柔性扑翼飞行器的设计提供了理论依据。     

Shear Failure of Inconel 718 under Dynamic Loads

Kinetics of deformation and fracture of nickel–iron alloy Inconel 718 under dynamic shear loading was measured using a split torsional Hopkinson bar facility and high-speed photography. Tubular specimens with a reduced gage length and a starter notch were sheared at strain rates up to 6 × 10³ s⁻¹. High-speed photographs of fiducial lines scribed on the specimen surface showed the development of local strains and cracking. This paper describes the experimental and analytical procedures, illustrates average and local plastic strain evolution, and presents shear crack initiation times and propagation speeds.     

铝-锂合金动态扭转实验研究

利用霍普金森扭杆（Torsional Split-Hopkinson Bar）技术对三种不同成份或状态的铝-锂合金材料的动态应力-应变-应变率关系进行了实验测定。应变率范围由1300s-1到2600s-1,研究表明随着应变率的提高,三种不同成份或状态的铝-锂合金材料的韧性和强度都有不同程度的提高。对剪切带的初步观察发现,随应变率的增加,剪切带有变窄的趋势。     

The complete process of large elastic-plastic deflection of a cantilever

An extension of the Elastica theory is developed to study the large deflection of an elastic-perfectly plastic horizontal cantilever beam subjected to a vertical concentrated force at its tip. The entire process is divided into four stages: I.elastic in the whole cantilever; II.loading and developing of the plastic region; III.unloading in the plastic region; and IV.reverse loading. Solutions for stages I and II are presented in a closed form. A combination of closed-form solution and numerical integration is presented for stage III. Finally, stage IV is qualitatively studied. Computed results are given and compared with those from small-deflection theory and from the Elastica theory.     

半刚性钢框架的内力分析

采用二阶非线性分析方法分析和设计半刚性钢框架，包括连接的柔性以及构件的几何非线性的影响，提出了半刚性钢框架中梁柱单元刚度矩阵和半刚性梁的单元刚度矩阵；推导了半刚性梁在集中荷载，均布荷载，线性荷载作用下的固端弯矩的求解公式；连接的柔性对无支撑框架的侧移有很大的影响，设计时通过变化连接的刚度以平衡梁的跨中和端弯矩。     

关于精确结构静力重分析法的注记

结构重分析是与结构优化设计紧密相关的分析环节。位移约束条件、载荷与单元刚度矩阵可修改的精确结构静力重分析是较新的一种方法，文献[1,2]提出其结构静力重分析的列式，这一重分析方法被多篇综述文章引用。本文从另一角度推导结构修改的基本方程，并给出广义柔度矩阵的简便可行算法，推导过程简单明了，力学意义明显。     

多跨梁离散系统的频谱和模态的定性性质

采用差分法建立了两端任意支承多跨梁的差分离散模型,对只具有两端支承的单跨梁是正系统的情形,导出了对应的多跨梁差分离散系统的柔度系数;从单跨梁正系统的刚度矩阵的符号振荡性出发,通过引入辅助系统,讨论了多跨梁的柔度矩阵的振荡性,确定了对应于单跨梁正系统的多跨梁差分离散系统的频谱和模态的一系列定性性质.      

On the behaviour characterization of metallic cellular materials under impact loading

This paper reviews the common mechanical features of the metallic cellular material under impact loading as well as the characterization methods of such behaviours. The main focus is on the innovations of various testing methods at impact loading rates.Following aspects were discussed in details.（1） The use of soft nylon Hopkinson/Kolsky bar for an enhanced measuring accuracy in order to assess if there is a strength enhancement or not for this class of cellular materials under moderate impact loading;（2） The use of digital image correlations to determine the strain fields during the tests to confirm the existence of a pseudo-shock wave propagation inside the cellular material under high speed impact： （3） The use of new combined shear compression device to determine the loading envelop of cellular materials under impact multiaxial loadings.