标准镜的高精度柔性支撑镜框的优化设计

为了实现干涉仪标准镜中光学元件的高精度定位,设计了一种柔性支撑镜框,研究了该结构的力学模型、结构参数、定位精度和透镜变形。首先,根据材料力学原理将柔性镜框等效为一个弹簧系统;根据力学方程和几何关系,建立了透镜中心位置与柔性结构的挠度之间的二元方程。然后,分析了安装位置、温度、结构参数对透镜位置以及作用力的影响。最后,应...     

闪光照相系统的散射分布与降散射的数值模拟

 对法国试验客体（FTO）的3 m照相系统建模,利用Monte-Carlo方法模拟X光子输运过程,得到了系统的散射分布和系统器件对散射的贡献。结果表明：后保护锥是系统散射的主要来源,对于任意一点,后保护锥的散射占总散射的75%以上。FTO的散射主要是FTO外层材料和边缘的散射,这部分散射占客体总散射的90%以上。利用坡度准直器对系统散射严重的区域进行的降散射,表明坡度准直器是一个很好的降散射器件,能有效提高图像质量。     

Kirchhoff方程的相对常值特解及其Lyapunov稳定性

对于超细长弹性杆静力学的Kirchhoff方程，用动力学的概念和方法研究其常值特解 和稳定性问题.计算了Kirchhoff方程相对固定坐标系、截面主轴坐标系以及中心线Frenet 坐标系的常值特解，进行了Kirchhoff动力学比拟，用一次近似理论分别讨论了它们的Lyapu nov稳定性，导出了若干稳定性判据，并在参数平面上绘出了稳定域. 关键词： 超细长弹性杆 Kirchhoff方程 常值特解 Lyapunov稳定性     

铁路车辆/轨道耦合系统在竖向冲击载荷作用下动态响应的计算机模拟研究

车辆与轨道的动态相互作用,是铁路轮轨接触式运输系统中最基本的问题之一,它直接制约着铁路运营速度的提高和运载重量的增加,也影响着铁路安全运行。本文采用有限元方法,对我国C61型运煤货车,按照车辆/轨道系统的实际几何形状、材料性质和边界条件建立了包括车辆和轨道系统的有限元模型,应用大型非线性动力分析程序LS-DYNA3D来模拟车辆通过轨道错牙接头时的轮/轨动态响应过程。计算结果表明车轮和轨道之间的竖向动态接触力大约是静轮载的2倍,与已有的现场试验结果基本吻合。因此应用有限元方法研究车辆/轨道耦合系统是可行和可靠的。     

Mixed methods on quadrilaterals and hexahedra

We describe a new family of discrete spaces suitable for use with mixed methods on certain quadrilateral and hexahedral meshes. The new spaces are natural in the sense of differential geometry, so all the usual mixed method theory, including the hybrid formulation, carries over to these new elements with proofs unchanged. Because transforming general quadrilaterals into squares introduces nonlinearity and because mixed methods involve the divergence operator, the new spaces are more complicated than either the corresponding Raviart-Thomas spaces for rectangles or corresponding finite element spaces for quadrilaterals. The new spaces are also limited to meshes obtained from a rectangular mesh through the application of a single global bilinear transformation. Despite this limitation, the new elements may be useful in certain topologically regular problems, where initially rectangular grids are deformed to match features of the physical region. They also illustrate the difficulties introduced into the theory of mixed methods by nonlinear transformations.     

EQ 1 rot nonconforming finite element method for nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations

EQ rot 1 nonconforming finite element approximation to a class of nonlinear dual phase lagging heat conduction equations is discussed for semi-discrete and fully-discrete schemes. By use of a special property, that is, the consistency error of this element is of order O(h2 ) one order higher than its interpolation error O(h), the superclose results of order O(h2 ) in broken H1 -norm are obtained. At the same time, the global superconvergence in broken H1 -norm is deduced by interpolation postprocessing technique. Moreover, the extrapolation result with order O(h4 ) is derived by constructing a new interpolation postprocessing operator and extrapolation scheme based on the known asymptotic expansion formulas of EQ rot 1 element. Finally, optimal error estimate is gained for a proposed fully-discrete scheme by different approaches from the previous literature.     

圆柱壳在径向冲击载荷作用下的弹性脉冲屈曲

当圆柱壳承受径向脉冲载荷时，如果其径厚比大于一特定值，圆柱壳将产生弹性动力屈曲．本文根据有关实验结果，假定变形模态，采用Ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ方法分析了有限长薄圆柱壳（ａ／ｈ＝４８０）在余弦冲击载荷作用下的弹性脉冲动力屈曲．导出了动力屈曲方程组，借助数值方法求解方程，并与有关计算结果进行了比较．     

Singular variation property of elastic constants of piezoelectric ceramics shunted to negative capacitance

Piezoelectric shunt damping has been widely used in vibration suppression, sound absorption, noise elimination, etc.In such applications, the variant elastic constants of piezoelectric materials are the essential parameters that determine the performances of the systems, when piezoelectric materials are shunted to normal electrical elements, i.e., resistance,inductance and capacitance, as well as their combinations. In recent years, many researches have demonstrated that the wideband sound absorption or vibration suppression can be realized with piezoelectric materials shunted to negative capacitance. However, most systems using the negative-capacitance shunt circuits show their instabilities in the optimal condition, which are essentially caused by the singular variation properties of elastic constants of piezoelectric materials when shunted to negative capacitance. This paper aims at investigating the effects of negative-capacitance shunt circuits on elastic constants of a piezoelectric ceramic plate through theoretical analyses and experiments, which gives an rational explanation for why negative capacitance shunt circuit is prone to make structure instable. First, the relationships between the elastic constants c_(11), c_(33), c_(55) of the piezoelectric ceramic and the shunt negative capacitance are derived with the piezoelectric constitutive law theoretically. Then, an experimental setup is established to verify the theoretical results through observing the change of elastic constant c_(55) of the shunted piezoelectric plate with the variation of negative capacitance.The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analyses, which reveals that the instability of the shunt damping system is essentially caused by the singular variation property of the elastic constants of piezoelectric material shunted to negative capacitance.     

一种迭代格式的有限元并行算法*

本文提出了一种求解有限元方程的迭代格式的并行算法.该方法在线性代数方程迭代解法的基础上,引进并行运算步骤;并且运用加权残数方法,通过选择适当的权函数,推导了该并行算法的有限元基本格式.该方法在西安交通大学BLXSI-6400并行计算机上程序实现.计算结果表明它能有效地提高运算速度,减少计算时间,是一种有效的求解大型结构有限元方程的并行算法.     

Pure elements and intertwining classes of simple strata in local central simple algebras

Let S be a semigroup of words over an alphabet ∑ . Suppose tliar every two words u and e over ∑ are equal in S if (1) the sets of subwords of length k of the words a and b coincide and are non-empty. (2) the prefix (suffix) of u of length k1 is equal to the prefix (suffix) of e. Then S is called k-testable. A semigroup is locally testable if it is k-testable for some k > 0.

We present a finite basis of identities of the variety of A'-testable semigroups. The structure of k-testable semigroup is studied. Necessarv and sufficient conditions for local testability will be given. A solution to one problem from the survey of Shevrin and Sukhanov (1985) will be presented.