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941.
Polydisperse suspensions consist of particles differing in size or density that are dispersed in a viscous fluid. During sedimentation, the different particle species segregate and create areas of different composition. Spatially one-dimensional mathematical models of this process can be expressed as strongly coupled, nonlinear systems of first-order conservation laws. The solution of this system is the vector of volume fractions of each species as a function of depth and time, which will in general be discontinuous. It is well known that this system is strictly hyperbolic provided that the Masliyah–Lockett–Bassoon (MLB) flux vector is chosen, the particles have the same density, and the hindered-settling factor (a multiplicative algebraic expression appearing in the flux vector) does not depend on the particle size but is the same for all species. It is the purpose of this paper to prove that this hyperbolicity result remains valid in a fairly general class of cases where the hindered-settling factor does depend on particle size. This includes the common power-law type hindered-settling factor in which the exponent, sometimes called Richardson–Zaki exponent, is determined individually for each species, and is a decreasing function of particle size. The importance of this paper is two-fold: it proves stability for a class of polydisperse suspensions that was not covered in previous work, and it offers a new analysis of real data. 相似文献
942.
Christian Ptzsche 《Mathematische Nachrichten》2008,281(6):847-878
This work is devoted to attractive invariant manifolds for nonautonomous difference equations, occurring in the discretization theory for evolution equations. Such invariant sets provide a discrete counterpart to inertial manifolds of dissipative FDEs and evolutionary PDEs. We discuss their essential properties, like smoothness, the existence of an asymptotic phase, normal hyperbolicity and attractivity in a nonautonomous framework of pullback attraction. As application we show that inertial manifolds of the Allen–Cahn and complex Ginzburg–Landau equation persist under discretization. For the Ginzburg–Landau equation we can also estimate the dimension of the inertial manifold. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
943.
Marta Grochowicz Andrzej Bartnicki Barbara Gawdzik 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2008,46(18):6165-6174
Synthesis and properties of the new difunctional methacrylate monomer 2‐hydroxy‐3‐methacryloyloxypropoxybenzene are presented. This monomer was applied for the synthesis of porous microspheres. It was copolymerized with trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate in the presence of two pairs of pore‐forming diluents dodecane and toluene, and n‐decanol and toluene. Influence of diluents composition on their porous structures was studied. Thermal resistance and tendency to swell in different organic diluents for a chosen sample were also determined. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 46: 6165–6174, 2008 相似文献
944.
We present detailed multi-channel experimental characterization of different configurations of single pump hybrid Raman-erbium doped fiber (EDF) amplifiers. The incorporation of an EDF section in a dispersion compensating Raman amplifier is demonstrated to provide superior performance than Raman only system. It is shown that the multi-channel gain spectrum is quite different form the single-channel case. We have also measured the polarization dependent gain (PDG) of the hybrid amplifier configurations and results show that different configurations of hybrid amplifiers have different PDG effects on long-haul optically amplified link. 相似文献
945.
946.
S. J. Bai 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》1994,32(16):2575-2583
High-temperature polymers were spum from liquid-crystalline solutions into fibers of superior thermal stability and mechanical properties. Fibers of two extended-chain polymers poly(p-phenyleneterephthalamide), PPTA, and poly-2,5-benzoxazole, ABPBO, as well as a rod-like polymer poly(p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole), PBO, were examined by axial x-ray scattering. Both wide-angle scattering and small-angle scattering were performed with CuKα radiation aiming along the fiber axis (c-axis) for structural information on the a-b lattice plane. In addition to previously reported lattice structure, the PPTA fibers (Kevlar® 29, 49, and 149) showed strong [004] and a [022] reflections suggesting that segments of the PPTA molecules were transverse to the fiber axis. This unique fiber structure is more prominent and the void content is less for the PPTA fibers with higher tensile modulus, (i.e., Kevlar® 149 > Kevlar® 49 > Kevlar® 29). Similar measurements on thermally annealed ABPBO and PBO fibers showed no [00l], [h0l], or [0kl] reflection indicative of a truly uniaxial molecular orientation. Evidence of microfibrillar order was discovered for the Kevlar® fibers and the ABPBO fiber. Results of conventional x-ray scattering on these fibers were compared and reconciled. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
947.
A. V. Shenoy 《Colloid and polymer science》1984,262(4):319-337
A state-of-the-art review on drag reduction has been presented in order to bring out some important aspects of the drag reduction phenomenon and its potential for practical use. The review is biased towards micellar systems and discusses in detail the morphological differences between drag reducing polymeric and micellar systems. Work relating to polymeric systems has not been dealt in detail as it has been the subject of earlier reviews. Studies relating to biological additives as well as suspensions have been briefly mentioned without detailed discussion as their potential for practical use presently appears] to be limited.NCL-Communication No. 3384 相似文献
948.
氧化还原功能纤维的研究──含醇胺基纤维的制备及其与Au~(3+)的氧化还原吸附反应 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用二乙醇胺、乙醇胺及三乙醇胺与反应性氯甲基化纤维进行胺化反应,得到的功能纤维Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ的含氮量分别为2.26、2.71和1.86mmo1/g.吸附实验结果表明,纤维Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ对Au~(3+)的最大吸附量分别为550、620、409mg/g,且能将部分吸附态Au~(3+)还原成单质金.通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱以及光电子能谱证实纤维中与氮原子相邻的羟基碳原子先被氧化成了羰基而氮原子未被氧化. 相似文献
949.
光纤投影双频自动轮廓测量术 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:10
提出一种双频光纤投影自动轮廓测量技术;用一分二单模光纤耦合器产生正弦光强分布的投影光栅场;将光纤一臂绕在压电陶瓷(PZT)环上述旁瓣通过压电陶瓷环引入相移值;以改变出射端两光纤间的距离来发迹投影光栅场的空间频率,用双频光栅技术实现复杂表面自动轮廓测量。 相似文献
950.